Introduction to

Project
Management
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What is Project?
Aprojectcan bedefinedas a temporary endeavor
undertaken to create a unique product or service.
Temporary:
It has a defined beginning and end in time
Unique:
Not a routine operation, but a specific set of operations designed
to accomplish a singular goal
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Project Attributes
A project:
Has a unique purpose
Is temporary
Is developed using progressive elaboration
Requires resources, often from various areas
Should have a primary customer or sponsor
The project sponsor usually provides the direction and funding
for the project
Involves uncertainty (i.e. Risk)

Project vs. Operational Work

Projects

Operations

To attain its objectives and terminate

Create own character, organization,
and goals
Catalyst for change
Unique product or services
Diverse \ Heterogeneous teams
Start and end date

To sustain the business

Semi permanent charter, organization,
and goals
Maintain status quo
Standard product or services
Homogeneous teams
Ongoing

Examples

Examples

Producing a Newsletter
Writing and publishing a book
Implementing a new system
Getting married Wedding! (I did that)
Arrange for a conference
Opening for a new shop
Producing the annual report

Responding to customers requests

Signing the book for a fan
System support
Being married (ongoing)
Attending a conference
Opening the shop
Writing a progress update memo
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What is Project Management?

The application of knowledge, skills, tools and technique to
project activities to meet project requirements.
Project Management is accomplished through the application and
integration of the following processes:
Initiating
Planning
Executing
Monitoring and Controlling
Closing

Project Manager
The Project Manager is the person responsible for accomplishing
the project objectives.
Managing a project includes:
Identifying requirements.
Establishing clear and achievable objectives.
Balancing the competing demands of quality, scope, time and
cost.
Adapting the specifications, plans, and approach to the
different concerns and expectations of the various
stakeholders.
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Project Constraints
Every project is constrained in different ways by its:
Scope
Schedule/Time
Cost/Budget
Quality
Resources
Risk
If any one factor changes, at least one other factor is likely to be
affected.
It is the project managers duty to balance these competing
constraints.

Projects and Strategic Planning

Projects are means of
Achieving organizations strategic plan.
Organizing activities that cannot be addressed within the
organizations normal operational limits.

Projects and Strategic Planning

Projects are typically authorized as a result of one or more of the
following strategic considerations:

Market demand
Strategic opportunity/business need
Customer request
Technological advancement
Legal requirements
Environmental Impacts
Social need

Project Management Framework

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Project Management Knowledge

Areas
Core knowledge areas lead to specific project objectives.
Project scope management involves defining and managing all the work
required to complete the project successfully.
Project time management includes estimating how long it will take to
complete the work, developing an acceptable project schedule, and
ensuring timely completion of the project.
Project cost management consists of preparing and managing the budget
for the project.
Project quality management ensures that the project will satisfy the stated
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or implied needs for which it was undertaken.

Project Management Knowledge

Areas
Facilitating knowledge areas are the means through which the project objectives are achieved.
Project human resource management is concerned with making effective use of the people involved
with the project.
Project communications management involves generating, collecting, disseminating, and storing
project information.
Project risk management includes identifying, analyzing, and responding to risks related to the project.
Project procurement management involves acquiring or procuring goods and services for a project
from outside the performing organization.
Project integration management affects and is affected by all of the other knowledge areas.
Project stakeholder management is done by managing stakeholders and their expectations.

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Project Management Tools and

Techniques
Project management tools and techniques assist project managers
and their teams in various aspects of project management.
Note that a tool or technique is more than just a software package.
Specific tools and techniques include:
Project charters, scope statements, and WBS (scope)
Gantt charts, network diagrams, critical path analyses (time)
Net present value, cost estimates, and earned value
management (cost)

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Project Success
There are different ways to define project success:
The project met scope, time, and cost goals.
The project satisfied the customer/sponsor.
The project produced the desired results.

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Project Vs Program Vs Portfolio?

an
ag
(P em
MO e
) nt

Offi

ce

Project Management
Program Management
Portfolio Management

Program

Pr
oj
ec

tM

Project Management Office (PMO)

Por
tfol
io

Projects & Operation

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What is a Program?
A program is:
a group of related projects managed in a coordinated way
to obtain benefits and control not available from managing
them individually.
A program manager provides leadership and direction for the
project managers heading the projects within the program.

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Advantages of Program
Management
Comprehensive View
Work Toward Strategic Goals
Maintain Consistency
Cost Savings

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Portfolios and Portfolio

Management
A portfolio is a collection of projects or programs and other
work that are grouped together to facilitate effective
management of that work to meet strategic business
objectives.
Portfolio managers help their organizations
Make wise investment decisions
by helping to select and analyze projects from a strategic
perspective

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Project Management Compared

to Project Portfolio Management

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Subprojects
Projects are frequently divided into more manageable
components or subprojects.
Subproject are often contracted to an external enterprise or to
another functional unit in the performing organization.
Subprojects can be referred to as projects and managed as
such

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Project Management Office

(PMO)
A department that centralizes the management of projects.
A PMO usually takes one of three roles:
Project Support: Provide project management guidance to
project managers in business units.
Project Management Process/Methodology: Develop and
implement a consistent and standardized process.
Training: Conduct training programs or collect requirements
for an outside company
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Primary Function of PMO

A Primary function of PMO is to support project managers in
a variety of ways which may include, but are not limited to:
Managing shared resources across all the projects
administered by the PMO
Identifying and developing project management methodology,
practices & standards
Coaching, mentoring , training and oversight
Monitoring compliance with project management standard
policies, procedures , and templates via project audits; and
Co coordinating communication across projects
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Project Expediter and

Coordinator
Project Expediter
acts primarily as a staf assistant.
as communications coordinator.
cannot personally make or enforce decisions.
Project Coordinator
has some power to make decisions
Has some authority
reports to a higher-level manager

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Stakeholders
A stakeholder is an individual, group, or organization who
may afect, be afected by or perceive itself to be affected by
a decision, activity, or outcome of a project.
Stakeholders have varying levels of responsibility and
authority and can change over the project life cycle
Project manager must manage the influence of various
stakeholders in relation to the requirements and balance
stakeholders interest

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Stakeholders

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Advantages of using Formal

Project Management
Completing projects more quickly and cheaply.
Being more predictable.
Saving effort and cost with proactive scope management.
Better solution fit the first time through better planning.
Mitigating future risk before the problems occur.
Communicating and managing expectations with all stakeholders more
effectively.
Improved financial management.
Stopping bad projects more quickly.
More focus on metrics and fact-based decision making.
Improved work environment.
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Questions?

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