Ch.10, Sec.

1 Jefferson Takes
Office
The Election of 1800
- the election pitted the Federalists & John Adams against the
Democratic-Republicans & Thomas Jefferson
- the Federalists felt the country would be taken over by
radicals (people with extreme political views)
- the Democratic-Republicans felt the country would be taken
over by monarchists & oppression (Alien & Sedition Acts)
- Jefferson won the election with 73 electoral votes, but Aaron
Burr also had received 73 electoral votes, so there had to be a
tiebreaking vote!

Ch.10, Sec.1 Jefferson Takes

Office
Breaking the Tie
- according to the Constitution, the House of Representatives
had to choose between the two candidates
- unfortunately for Jefferson, the House of Representatives
was a Federalist majority
- even Alexander Hamilton voted in favor of Jefferson over
Burr
- after 35 times of voting in one week, there was still no clear
winner, so Alexander Hamilton persuaded more Federalist
friends to vote for Jefferson over Burr

Ch.10, Sec.1 Jefferson Takes

Office
- Burr was voted in as vice-president and never forgave
Hamilton for his insults
- eventually in 1804, Burr
challenged Hamilton to a
duel after he once again
questioned his political
abilities while running for
New York governor
- in the duel, Burr shot
& killed Hamilton!!!

Ch.10, Sec.1 Jefferson Takes

Office
The Talented Jefferson
- Jefferson was the most talented president our country has
ever had
- Jefferson was a gifted lawyer,
architect (he helped design
Washington, D.C.), scientist,
inventor, violinist, reader, &
politician
- Jefferson also designed his
mansion, Monticello, in
Charlottesville, Virginia

Ch.10, Sec.1 Jefferson Takes

Office
Jeffersons Philosophy

- Jefferson felt the strength

of our country lay with small,
independent farmers

- Jefferson refused to
elevate himself because of
his presidential office

Ch.10, Sec.1 Jefferson Takes

Office
Undoing Federalist Programs
- Jefferson wanted to undo many of the Federalist programs,
so he allowed the Alien & Sedition Acts to end, he ended the
tax on whiskey, and changed economic policies
- Jefferson opposed public
debt, so he used tariffs & land
sales to reduce the amount of
money owed by the
government

Ch.10, Sec.1 Jefferson Takes

Office
Marshall and the Judiciary
- before Adams left office in 1801, he appointed as many
Federalist judges to the Supreme Court as possible through
the Judiciary Act of 1801
- Adams also appointed a Federalist chief
justice named John Marshall who served
for over thirty years and helped to increase
federal authority & federal courts
- Jefferson had no authority to change the
Federalist Supreme Court

Ch.10, Sec.1 Jefferson Takes

Office
Marbury vs. Madison
- William Marbury was appointed by John Adams as justice of
the peace for the District of Columbia, but Secretary of State
James Madison refused to appoint him
- Marbury tried to sue, but
the Supreme Court ruled the
case as unconstitutional
- the case was thrown out but
did help to establish judicial
review, which gave the courts
the final say to interpret the
Constitution