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POSSIBILITY OF INVESTMENT
OPPORTUNITY
ANOTHER REASON WHY INDIVIDUALS
PREFER PRESENT MONEY IS DUE TO THE
POSSIBILITY OF INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITY
THROUGH WHICH THEY CAN EARN
ADDITIONAL CASH
Risk.
Variability of actual return from the expected returns associated with a
given asset.
= more risk in security more return-more variability.
= less variability-less risk.
measurement of risk.
1.
Behavioural.
- sensitivity analysis.
- probability ( distribution ).
1.
Quantitative/statistical.
- standard deviation.
- co-efficient of variation.
Behavioural Method
Sensitivity analysis.
Probability distribution
Quantitative method
1.Standard deviation of return:
Square root of the average squared deviations of the individual
returns from the expected returns.
n
(Ri-R)2 X Pri
i=1
Examples
For example government bond is less
risky because the principal amount and
return (interest) are guaranteed.
On the other hand investment on a
company stock is risky because of the
high variability (0 to above zero of returns)
Return
All the investors assess risk of an
investment on the basis of the variability of
returns expected form its over a maturity
period or life period or expected holding
period.
Return on an investment is an annual
income received during the period plus
change in value.
Classification of risk
Diversifiable risk
Market risk
Diversifiable risk is company specific and
it can be completely eliminated through
diversification.
Market risk arises from market movement
and which cannot be eliminated through
diversification