Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
SREEJESH.K
M.Sc Industrial
Hygiene & Safety
Dept. EHE, SRMC
VIBRATION
It is an oscillatory motion of a system
PARAMETERS OF VIBRATION
1 FREQUENCY
2 AMPLITUDE
3 ACCELERATION
4 RESONANCE
FREQUENCY
THE NUMBER OF CYCLES THAT A VIBRATING
OBJECT COMPLETES IN ONE SECOND IS
CALLED FREQUENCY. THE UNIT OF FREQUENCY
IS HERTZ (HZ).
AMPLITUDE
IT IS THE DISTANCE FROM THE STATIONARY
POSITION TO THE EXTREME POSITION ON
EITHER SIDE AND IS MEASURED IN METRES (M).
ACCELERATION
IT IS A MEASURE OF HOW QUICKLY SPEED CHANGES
WITH TIME AND THEREFORE, ACCELERATION IS
EXPRESSED IN METRES PER SECOND SQUARED
(M/S2).
RESONANCE
EVERY OBJECT TENDS TO VIBRATE AT ONE
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY THAT DEPENDS ON
THE COMPOSITION OF THE OBJECT, ITS SIZE,
STRUCTURE, WEIGHT AND SHAPE. THIS
FREQUENCY OF NATURAL VIBRATION IS
CALLED THE RESONANT FREQUENCY.
VIBRATION EXPOSURE
SEGMENTAL VIBRATION
(SV)
Industry
Type of Vibration
Common Source of
Vibration
Boiler making
Hand-arm
Pneumatic tools
Construction
Whole body
Hand-arm
Foundries
Hand-arm
Heavy equipment
vehicles
Pneumatic tools,
Jackhammers
Vibrating cleavers
Mining
Whole body
Hand-arm
Vehicle operation
Rock drills
Sheet Metal
Hand-arm
Stamping Equipment
EVALUATION
of
VIBRATION
in
INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENT
STANDARS FOLLOWED
A)
ISO 8041: Human response to vibration
Measuring instrumentation
B)
ISO 2631-1: Mechanical vibration and shock -Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body
vibration
C)
ISO 2631-2: Evaluation of human exposure to
whole-body vibration
D)
ISO 5349: Mechanical vibration -- Guidelines for
the measurement and the assessment of human
exposure to hand transmitted vibration
E)
ISO 10819: Mechanical vibration and shock -Hand-arm vibration -- Method for the measurement
and evaluation of the vibration transmissibility of gloves
at the palm of the hand
VIBRATION PICKUPS
ACCELERATION PICK-UPS
VELOCITY PICK-UPS
DISPLACEMENT PICK-UPS
ACCELERATION PICK-UPS
(accelerometer)
PREAMPLIFER
The main reason in providing a preamplifier is,
1 ) To amplify the weak o/p Signal from the
accelerometer
2) To transform the high o/p impedence of the
accelerometer to a lower acceptable value
ANALYZERS
Usually Frequency Analyzers are used,
1) Constant Bandwidth Analyzers
2) Constant Percentage Bandwidth-type Analyzers
FIELD MEASUREMENT
CONTROL of VIBRATION
In priority order;
1) Eliminate where possible
2) Use control measures
3) Protect all those exposed to the hazard
ENGINEERING CONTROL
Isolating the disturbance from the radiating
surface
Reducing the response of the radiating
surface.
Reducing the mechanical disturbances
causing the vibration
REDUCTION OF SURFACE
RESPONSE
DAMPING
1. By means of Interface Damping
2. Application of a layer of material with
high internal losses over surface of the
vibrating element.
3. Designing of Sandwich Structures
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENTS
Anti-Vibration Gloves
G-Suites
Maximum value of
frequency weighted
acceleration (m/s2) in any
direction*
12
EMPLOYEE EDUCATION
Training programs are an effective means of
heightening the awareness of HAVS in the
workplace. Training should include proper use
and maintain vibrating tools to avoid unnecessary
exposure to vibration. Vibrating machines and
equipment often produce loud noise as well.
Therefore, training and education in controlling
vibration should also address concerns about
noise control.
Than
k You