Animal Husbandry

Todays Plan
Todays plan includes

The Power of Feed

Pigs and Their Houses
Everybody Move to the Left, Everybody Move to the Right
Disease Prevention

Interest Approach
Which of these would you feed to your pig?

The Power of Feed

Basic Needs of Pigs

Pigs have the same basic needs as all members of the Animal
Kingdom
Shelter

Water

Feed

Shelter

Shelter protects the animals from

outside elements such as
precipitation and temperature
variations

Shelter reduces stress and

improves feed conversion

Water Requirements
Pigs require fresh, clean water
daily to maintain:
Body temperature
Transport nutrients
Remove waste

Whats in Swine Feed?

Rations are the amount of nutrients needed for one pig in a single
day. Nutrients are the items a pig needs to survive:
Proteins

Made from amino acids, are measured in crude

protein content

Carbohydrates
& Fats

Supplies energy

Minerals

Aids in tissue development

Vitamins

Aids in cell formation and function

Rations

Rations:
Grains such as corn and proteins
such as soybean meal are main
ingredients
Supply pigs nutritional needs
Should be free of contaminants

There are different feeding

requirements for each production
phase and each growth stage
within a phase

Feed Tags
PIG GROWER
MEDICATED

FOR PIGS FROM 30POUNDS TO 75 POUNDS

ADMINISTER TO SWINE IN A COMPLETE FEED
FOR REDUCTION OF THE INCIDENCE OF
CERVICAL ABSCESSES; TREATMENT OF
BACTERIAL SWINE ENTERITIS (SALMONELLOSIS
OR NECROTIC ENTERITIS CAUSED BY
SALMONELLA CHOLERAESUISAND VIBRIONIC
DYSENTERY). MAINTAINANCE OF WEIGHT
GAINS IN THE PRESENCE OF ATROPHIC RHINITIS.
ACTIVE DRUG INGREDIENT
CHLOROTETRACYCLINE
100G/TON

Guaranteed Analysis

Ingredients

Feeding Directions

GUARANTEED ANALYSIS
CRUDE PROTEIN ...................................MIN.
19.00%
LYSINE....................................................... MIN.
1.10%
CRUDE FAT .............................................. MIN.
5.00%
CRUDE FIBER .........................................MAX.
4.00%
CALCIUM ................................................. MIN.
0.60%
PHOSPHORUS .........................................MAX.
1.10%
SALT ........................................................... MIN.
0.40%
SALT ........................................................... MAX.
0.90%
SELENIUM................................................ MIN. 0.30% PPM
ZINC ........................................................... MIN. 140.00 PPM

Name of Product

Active Drug Ingredients

(if a medicated feed)

INGREDIENTS
Corn Products, Soybean Products, Plant Protein Products,
Processed Grain By-Products, Animal Fat, Animal Protein
Products, CalciumPhosphate, Lignin Sulfonate, Gr ound
Limestone, Salt, L-LysineMonohydrochloride,
MethionineSupplement, Zinc Oxide, Zinc Sulfate
v
, Ferr ous
Sulphate, ManganousOxide, Copper Sulfate, Calcium
Iodate, SodiumSelenite, Vitamin A Acetate, Vitamin D-3
Supplement, Vitamin E Supplement, Menadione
Dimethylpyrimidinol Bisulphite, Riboflai n Suppl em
e nt,
Niacin, CalciumPantothenate, Vitamin B-12 Supplement,
ThiamineMononitrate, Folic Acid, CholineChloride,
PyridoxineHydrochloride, Biotin, Ethoxyquin (As A
Preservative)
FEEDING DIRECTIONS
FEED as theonly ration to pigsweighingfr om30 pounds
To 75 poundsbodyweight.
CAUTION: In order to obtain thedesired performance
results, theanimals should beself-fed.
WARNING: Withdraw 10 days prior to harvest;
contains high levels of copper; donot feed to sheep.
MANUFACTURED BY:
RATION FEED
NET WEIGHT 50POUNDS (22.7 KILOGRAMS) OR AS
SHOWN ON SHIPPING DOCUMENT

Manufacturer
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Whats in a Feed Ration?

Directions
Answer the questions about the
information contained in a feed
tag
You will have five minutes to
complete this activity

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Pigs and Their Houses

Production Facilities
Maximizing efficiency requires
producers to maintain animal wellbeing and herd health
To accomplish this, producers can
use two types of production
facilities:

Environmentally Controlled (EC)

Buildings
Hoop Buildings

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Environmentally Controlled Buildings

Environmentally controlled (EC) buildings are naturally
ventilated, mechanically ventilated, or a combination of both.

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EC Buildings - Production Benefits

and Challenges

Benefits
Easy to clean and disinfect
Multiple pen locations allow for
varied pig groupings
Control of the environment

Challenges
Higher building costs
Diseases can spread quickly
Dependent on the caretaker

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Hoop Buildings
In hoop buildings, production
stages are seasonally dependent
Benefits
Lower cost than environmentally
controlled operations
Some protection from the
weather
Buildings can be used for other
purposes

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Hoop Buildings
Challenges (vs. EC building)
More difficult to clean, disinfect,
separate pigs from manure
Harder to identify and treat sick
pigs
Minimal control of the
environment
Bedding required, including
places to store clean bedding and
used bedding

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Everybody Move to the Left,

Everybody Move to the Right

Observation

Producers observe pigs by

conducting a daily walk
through

During the observation,

producers:
Get into the pens
Check the waterers, feed, feed
pans, ventilation system,
building temperature, and pigs
for signs of poor health

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Ventilation

Ventilation helps maintain indoor

air quality by
controlling/regulating:
Relative humidity/moisture
levels
Gases and particulate
matter/dust
Air temperature

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Temperature
Pigs lack sweat glands. This means they must lose heat through
other means:

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Target Temperature Range

The proper temperature range is important for a pigs well-being and growth.
100 F
95 F
90 F
85 F
80 F
75 F
70 F
65 F
60 F
55 F
50 F
ar
Bo

ting
st a
Ge
w
So

ed

ting
ct a
La
w
So

ish
Fin g
Ho

s
0 lb

5 lb

-18
75

-7
50

lbs

0 lb

-5 0
30

-3
10

k
ee
3w

er
an
We
Pig

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Temperature Control Techniques

In cooler months

heaters add
supplemental heat.

In warmer months

sprinklers, cooling pads, and

fans reduce temperatures.

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Correct Animal Handling

It is important to ensure that pigs are
handled in the correct manner and
that they are well cared for.
Handling means working with or
moving the animals.
When pigs are handled properly, they
will be:
Healthier
More comfortable
Easier to move in the desired
direction
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Animal Behavior
Animal behavior is the way an animal acts
in response to who or what is around it.
Heres what we know about pigs behavior:
They naturally want to try to escape
They will usually follow each other
They often scare easily by:

Loud noises
Slippery floors
Bright lights or darkness
Moving things (such as flapping items or other
animals)

They are harder to move or handle when they are

scared
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Flight Zone
An animals flight zone is its own individual
space. If the handler understands where the
animals flight zone is, he or she can use it to
move the animal where desired.
By moving into the animals flight zone, the handler
can cause it to move
By moving out of the flight zone, the handler can
cause the animal to stop moving

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Point of Balance
The point of balance is at the pigs
shoulder.
If the handler stands behind the shoulder,
the animal will move forward
If the handler stands in front of the shoulder,
the animal will move backwards

When working with or moving pigs, the

handler should always be on the correct
side of the animals point of balance.

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Field of Vision - Video

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Handling Tools

Handlers should use the most effective tools for animal movement,
such as sorting boards and panels. These tools block the pigs path
and vision while protecting the handler.
Other tools include:
Nylon flag
Witchs/matadors cape
Plastic paddle

Using the proper techniques and practices will allow handlers to more easily
move animals, and will also help in making sure animals receive the best
treatment possible.

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Transportation - Video

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The Race Is On
Directions
Assemble into two large groups and listen to the activity instructions
You will have five minutes to complete this activity
After the activity concludes, review the correct handling practices

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Disease Prevention

Biosecurity
Operations institute biosecurity
processes and techniques to prevent the
spread of disease within the herd.
The fundamental principle is to practice
all-in and all-out management, which
removes every single animal from a
room, building, or site, followed by
cleaning and disinfecting the area before
a new group enters.

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Biosecurity

Producers:
Wear farm-supplied clothing when
working with pigs
Shower-in and shower-out

The building interior and all pens

and equipment are cleaned and
disinfected after each use
Trucks are washed between the
transportation of different groups of
pigs

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Disease Prevention
Disease prevention is essential to
maintain herd health
Producers help prevent the
spread of disease by observing
their pigs daily
Treatment is a not a blanket
medication approach
Individual pigs are diagnosed
A specific treatment plan is
implemented

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Vaccines
The herd veterinarian helps
determine if/when vaccines are
necessary for the herd based
on:
Past herd health
management issues
An established herd health
plan
Consultation with the herd
veterinarian who holds the
operations
veterinary/client/patient
relationship (VCPR)
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Diseases
On a producers daily walk through, they notice three piglets,
each in different pens but all exhibiting the following symptoms:
Coughing
Labored breathing
Nasal and eye discharge

Upon further inspection of the piglets, the following are also

observed:
Elevated temperatures
Reduced feed and water consumption

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Summary
In this lesson you, learned to

Determine the basic needs associated with pig care

Differentiate between the three main types of production facilities
Explain how to properly care for and handle pigs
Identify the biosecurity measures producers use to prevent the
spread of diseases and help ensure animal well-being

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