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• Tooth discolouration may be
extrinsic or intrinsic in nature.
• Extrinsic stains are superficial &
occur after tooth eruption.
• Intrinsic discolouration may result
from developmental defect of enamel
or internal staining of the tooth.
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Causes of tooth discolouration
Black stains
Localized staining of one or
several teeth
Yellow stains
Chronological staining of
Brown stains dentition
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Extrinsic Staining
Agents responsible are deposited in
enamel defects or become attached to
the enamel without bringing out a
change in its surfaces.
Aetiological agents causing extrinsic
stains are :
* Beverages / food
* Smoking
* Poor oral hygiene
* Drugs
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Iron Supplements
1. Green / orange stain
Chromogenic bacteria
Tobacco
Drugs
Iron
supplements
Minocyclin
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e
The stain may be seen as a line
following the gingival contour or it
may be apparent in a more
generalized pattern on the clinical
crown.
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3. Yellow stains
Caused by
beverages / foods
Due to bile
pigments from
gingival www.fourthmolar.com
crevicular fluid
4. Brown stains
Arrested caries
Chromogenic bacteria
Hypocalcified A.I.
Dentinogenesis Imperfecta
Fluorosis / non-fluorotic
The mildest form of fluorosis
is manifest as
hypomineralization of the
enamel, leading to opacities.
Opacities range from tiny
white flecks to confluent
opacities throughout the
enamel, making the crown
totally lacking in
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translucency
v. Green - blue
Hyperbilirunaemia
Leads to Rh-incompatibility
Internal
Seen
resorption
before
exfoliation of
primary tooth after
trauma (Pink tooth
of mummery)
Pink colour is seen
when vascular
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ii) Grey – black
Amalgam staining
Leakage of old amalgam restoration
causing discolouration around the
restoration
Mostly occurs in younger patients who have
open dentinal
tubules
Large class II proximal restorations of
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posterior teeth & deep
iii) Yellow brown / White
Developmental defects
Non-vitality
Tetracycline Oxytetracycline
unoxidized erupted teeth, oxidized
Chlortetracycline
Dimethyl chlortetra fluorophore odour also
fluorophore seen in www.fourthmolar.com
hydrochloride cycline
newly erupted teeth depends on the type of
Discolouration is noticed in children
who have received
tetracycline therapy during the
period of calcification of primary or
permanent teeth.
Tetracyclines chelate calcium salts &
so, are incorporated into bones &
teeth during calcification.
Tetracyclines administered during
pregnancy can be transferred
through the placenta, & cause
discolouration. www.fourthmolar.com
ii) SYSTEMIC ILLNESS
Yellow / brown
Vitamin D
deficiency
Developmental defects of
enamel affecting all teeth
forming during illness
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Severe
TREATMENT
a) Extrinsic stains :
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