Current lifestyle trends leading to ENT issues

Life is punctuated with problems arising from the

ears, nose, and throat.

Minor ailments like colds and pharyngitis

incapacitate briefly but remind us how wonderful it
is to be well.

EAR NOSE THROAT

60% GP Practice
75% pediatric
practice
Discuss preventive
aspects

Whats changed?
We lead faster life's
& live more on fast
foods.
Our environment
be it office or road or
home
We are gadget
lovers.

Common problems
Allergic rhinitis &
Sinusitis
Sore throats
Ear-hearing & flying

Allergic Rhinitis

Less common symptoms include:

itchy throat, loss of smell, face
pain, headache, and itchy and
watery red eyes.

Common symptoms include:

sneezing, a blocked or congested
nose, a watery discharge ('runny
nose'), and an itchy nose.

Complications: nasal polyps,

rhinosinusitis, chronic cough,
asthma

Common allergens house dust

mite, pets, pollens,etc

Non-Allergic Rhinitis
is not due to an allergic reaction. The
symptoms can be triggered by
cigarette smoke and other pollutants
as well as strong odors, alcoholic
beverages, and cold. Other causes may
include blockages in the nose, a
deviated septum, infections, and overuse of medications such as
decongestants.

Halitosis

Halitosis or bad breath usually is due to

oral or dental problem. Other common
cause is the type of food we eat like
spices, garlic soda etc.
Sometimes halitosis can also be due to
other chronic medical conditions like

Gastric reflux

Sinusitis or post nasal drip

Chronic lung disease

Diabetes

Chronic renal/liver problems

Sore Throats
Can be viral, bacterial
In adults related to reflux
Need good oral hygiene
Avoid smoking

Reflux Disease
heartburn, sore
throats, feeling of
something stuck in
the throat
Can also come with
chronic cough voice
change breathing
difficulty

Adult Lifestyle Changes To Prevent GERD And LPR

Avoid eating and drinking within two to

three hours prior to bedtime

Do not drink alcohol

Eat small meals and slowly

Limit problem foods:

Caffeine
Carbonated drinks
Chocolate
Peppermint
Tomato and citrus foods

Fatty and fried foods

Lose weight

Quit smoking

Ear & gadgets-mobile

phones/musical instruments
So what's the problem?
The jury is still out on
whether or not mobile
phone radiation is
harmful to children and
Sir William Stewart from
the National Radiological
Protection Board
recommends that
children do not use
mobile phones for
prolonged periods of
time.

Austrian study on mobile phone

use

the study's lead researcher,

Dr. Hans-Peter Hutter of the
Institute of Environmental
Health at the Medical
University of Vienna, said
"high intensity, long duration
of mobile phone use might
be associated with
occurrence of tinnitus.
Therefore, we are
recommending a far more
conscious and cautious
way of using mobile
phones."

Hearing protection
protective measures are easily
implemented to protect hearing. These
include discouraging cell phone use by
children and teenagers, using headsets,
and reducing the number and length of
cell phone calls.

Hearing Loss
1/12 in India,
particularly children
Conductive
Sensorineural
Mixed

Noise-Induced Hearing Loss

whisper is 30 decibels and that a

normal conversation is 60 decibels.

The sound from an iPod Shuffle has

been measured at 115 decibels. sound
levels at rock concerts often to be
significantly higher than 85 dBA, with
some reports suggesting that sound
intensity may reach 90 dBA to as high as
122 dBA.

To experience 85 dBA, listen to an electric

shaver or a busy urban street. NIHL is
Sensorineural loss

Ears & flying

Avoid flying when
you have a cold or
nose block
Use of nose drops &
steaming
recommended

Head & neck cancers

Nearly 5% of human cancers originate in
the upper aerodigestive tract, and mortality
has hardly changed in recent years.
The incidence of head and neck cancer
has increased slightly, and it is still
accompanied by a high rate of morbidity
due to impairment of breathing, swallowing,
chewing, and speaking despite
considerable effort being put into
developing alternative treatments and
methods to restore form and function.

Snoring & sleep apneas

45%occasional

25%habitual.

Why is snoring serious?

Social & medical

It may be obstructive sleep apnea

When loud snoring is interrupted by frequent episodes of totally obstructed
breathing, it is known as obstructive sleep apnea. Serious episodes last more
than ten seconds each and occur more than seven times per hour. Apnea
patients may experience 30 to 300 such events per night. These episodes can
reduce blood oxygen levels, causing the heart to pump harder.
Complete Medical assessment Sleep Study
Surgery in selective adults
Children with obstructive sleep apnea Adenotonsillectomy definitely helps

Voice & Swallowing

Voice assessments
Speech therapy
Vocal hygiene
Swallowing
assessments
Swallowing therapies

Hearing Loss/Deafness
One of the most common birth defects is hearing
loss or deafness (congenital), which can affect
as many as three of every 1,000 babies born
undetected and untreated hearing loss has
serious consequences on the acquisition of
language skills as well as cognition and
emotional and social development.
Early Newborn Screening of Hearing Loss and
Intervention (EHDI):

Managing hearing loss

Conductive- Myringotomy,
Tympanoplasty,
Stapedotomy,

Mastoid surgery

Sensorineural - Hearing
aids, BAHA, Cochlear
Implants

Bone Anchored Hearing Aid

Bone anchored hearing aids are reserved for

patients with conductive and mixed hearing loss.
Surgery involves the fixing of a titanium implant
just behind the ear, to which is connected an
external abutment and a sound processor. Thus, it
allows sound to be conducted through the bone
rather than through the middle ear ('direct bone
conduction').

Cochlear Implants
A cochlear implant is an electronic device that restores partial
hearing to the deaf. It is surgically implanted in the inner
ear and activated by a device worn outside the ear.
Unlike a hearing aid, it does not make sound louder or
clearer. Instead, the device bypasses damaged parts of
the auditory system and directly stimulates the nerve of
hearing, allowing individuals who are profoundly hearing
impaired to receive sound.
Marvels of 21st century
True sense conquered a sensory disability
RIGHT CANDIDACY IS A MUST .POST OPERATIVE
HABILITATION MANDATORY.

Preventive ENT
Ear problems-NO
BUD ,NO WATER
Deafness NO NOISE
Nose ALLERGEN
Avoidance
Throat AVOID
REFLUX

THANK YOU
We take for granted the ability to hear, walk
straight, smell, breathe freely, speak clearly,
sing, and swallow our own saliva easily and
without conscious effort.