WIRELESS CHARGING OF

MOBILE PHONES USING

MICROWAVES

SUBMITTED BY:
GAGANJOT SINGH
7TH SEM
ECE
ROLL.NO.:12BEC1058

INTRODUCTION:What is wireless charging?

Wireless charging is any of the several

methods of charging batteries without the
use of cables or device-specific AC
adaptors.Wireless charging can be used for
a wide variety of devices including cell
phones ,laptop computers,and mp3 players
.there are basically 3 methods of wireless
charging:->INDUCTIVE CHARGING
->RADIO CHARGING
->RESONANCE CHARGING

Inductive charging:It is used for charging mid sized items such as cell
phones,MP3 PLAYERS and PDAs.
Here ,an adapter equipped with contact points is
attached to the devices back plates.
When the device requires a charge,it is placed on a
conductive charging pad,which is plugged into the
socket.
RADIO CHARGING:It is used for charging small items with low power
requirements,such as watches,hearing aids,cell
phones.radio waves are already used to transmit and
receive cellular telephone.wireless radio charging works
similarly. A Transmitter plugged into a socket ,generates
radio waves.when the receiver attached to the device is
set to the same frequency as the transmitter.,it will
charge the devices battery.

Resonance charging:It is used for items that require large

amounts of power,such as vacumn
cleaner or laptop computer .in
resonance charging ,a copper coil
attatched to a power source is the
sending unit.
Another coil,attatched to the device to
be charged ,is the receiver.
Both coils are tuned to the same
electromagnetic frequency, which
makes it possible for energy to be
transferred from one to the other.

MOBILE PHONE WIRELESS CHARGING

BY USE OF MICROWAVES..
With mobile phones becoming the basic part of
life,the recharging of mobile phone batteries
has always been a problem.the mobile phones
vary in their talktime and battery standby acc.
To their manufacture and batteries.all these
phones irrespective of their manufacturer and
batteries have to be put to recharge after the
battery gets drained out.this can be done by
recharging of the battery.this type of charging
which is used in cell phones is radio charging.

->This recharging is done by use of

microwaves.
->This is done while a user is talking
on the phone,it simultaneously takes
place.
->the microwave signal is transmitted
from the transmitter along with the
message signal using special kind of
antennas called slotted waveguide
antennas.
->there needs to be specific additions
which are done in the mobile

BASIC PROCESS:-

1.By the use of microwaves:

# microwave wavelengths range from 1mm to
30 cms,means with frequencies between 300 MHz
and 300 GHz.
# microwaves are good for transmitting
information from one place to the other because
microwave energy can penetrate through
haze,light rain ,snow,clouds,and smoke.
# shorter microwaves are used in remote
sensing.
# for recharging of mobile phones ,we use the S band of the microwave spectrum.
# the frequency selection here becomes an
important aspect .here license free 2.45 Ghz ISM
band is used

2. trANSMITTER DESIGN: MAGNETRON here is used as the transmitter .it is a

self contained microwave oscillator that operates
diffrently from TWT and klystron.
It is sort of diode as it has no grid.a magnetic field
located bw the anode and cathode serves as the grid .
The plate here is fabricated into a cylindrical copper
block containing resonant cavities that serve as tuned
circuits.
The magnetron base is short in length.
The cathode and the filament are at the center of the
tube and are support the filament leads.
The filament leads are large and rigid to keep the
cathode and filament structure in position.
Since the cathode must operate at high power ,it
must be large to withstand large temperatures.

 It must have good emission

characteristics.
BASIC BLOCK DIAGRAM OF
TRANSMITTER:
POWER
5,9 VOLT
SUPPLY
5,9 VOLT

IF
SECTION

RF
SECTION

3.RECEIVER
DESIGN..
The basic addition in the mobile handset is

the rectenna.
The RECTENNA is a rectifying antenna , a
special type of antenna that is used to
convert microwave energy into dc electricity.
The elements of rectenna are usually
arranged in mesh to give a distinct
apperance.
A simple rectenna can be constructed from
schtokky diode placed in antenna dipoles
. The diode rectifies the current induced in
the antenna by microwaves.

 Rectennas are highly efficient at converting

with a efficiency of almost 90 percent
SENSORS:-> the sensor circuitory is a simple circuit
,which detects if the mobile phones receives
any message signal.
->this is required as the phone has to be
charged as long as the user is talking.
->using a simple F TO V converter would
serve the purpose.
->this would act as switches to trigger the
rectenna circuits on.
->the most basic f to v converter is LM2907.

Block diagram of mobile wireless

charging:circulato
r
Transmitting
waves with the
microwave
transmitter.

Slotted
wave
guide
antenn
a

Mobile
signal.

sensor

Rectenna.
waveguid
e
Mobile
phone
s..

PROCESS OF RECTIFICATION:# Microwave energy transmitted from space to

earth apparently has the potential to provide
environmentally clean electric power on a very
large scale.
# the key to improve the transmission
efficiency is the rectifying circuit.
# the aim of the wireless charger construction
is to make a low cost power rectifier for low and
higher power levels.
# rectification is done using rectenna.
# a rectenna is a rectifying antenna which can
be made from schottky diode placed b/w
antenna dipoles.dipoles rectifies the current
induced b/w dipoles

Advantages: With This the manufacturers will be

able to remove the talktime and
battery standby from their phone
specifications.
This is a very simple method as this
will do the charging simply by calling
a number from the phone.

DISADVANTAGES: it is a time consuming process.

It is not a very reliable method as the
charging would take place only till
the call is made.