Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Geotechnical Engineering
ground
PURWANTO
SIVA
soil properties
Design Office
~ for design & analysis
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construction site
Shallow Foundations
~ for transferring building loads to underlying ground
~ mostly for firm soils or light loads
firm
ground
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bed rock
Shallow Foundations
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Deep Foundations
~ for transferring building loads to underlying ground
~ mostly for weak soils or heavy loads
P
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L
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weak soil
bed rock
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Deep Foundations
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Retaining Walls
~ for retaining soils from spreading laterally
retaining
wall
Road
Train
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Earth Dams
~ for impounding water
reservoir
clay
core
shell
soil
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Concrete Dams
reservoir
concrete dam
soil
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Concrete Dams
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Concrete Dams
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Earthworks
~ preparing the ground prior to construction
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Construction hazard
~ an unwelcome visitor at an earthwork site.
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Geofabrics
~ used for reinforcement, separation, filtration and
drainage in roads, retaining walls, embankments
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Soil Nailing
~ steel rods placed into holes drilled into the walls
and grouted
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Sheet Piles
~ sheets of interlockingsteel or timber driven into
the ground, forming a continuous sheet
warehouse
ship
sheet pile
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Sheet Piles
~ resist lateral earth pressures
~ used in excavations, waterfront structures, ..
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Sheet Piles
~ used in temporary works
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Sheet Piles
~ interlocking sections
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Cofferdam
~ sheet pile walls enclosing an area, to
prevent water seeping in
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Landslides
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Shoring
propping and supporting the exposed walls to
resist lateral earth pressures
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Tunneling
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Blasting
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Ground Improvement
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Ground Improvement
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Ground Improvement
Smooth-wheeled Roller
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Ground Improvement
Big weights dropped
from 25 m, compacting
the ground.
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Environmental Geomechanics
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Instrumentation
~ to monitor the performances of earth and
earth supported structures
~ to measure loads, pressures, deformations,
strains,
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Soil Testing
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Soil Testing
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Soil Testing
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Soil Testing
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Soil Testing
Purdue University, USA
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Type of Design
Safety
Factor
Probability of
Failure
Earthworks
1.3-1.5
1/500
Retaining
structures
1.5-2.0
1/1500
Foundations 2.0-3.0
1/5000
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foundation
s
soil
exploratio
n
tunnelin
g
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Karl Terzaghi
1883-1963
L. Bjerrum
1918-1973
C.A.Coulomb
1736-1806
A.W.Skempton
1914-
WJM Rankine
1820-1872
Sivas
Sivasteacher
teacherininUSA
USA
deserves
deservesgold
goldframe
frame
G.F.Sowers
1921-1996
A.Casagrande
1902-1981
G.A. Leonards
1921-1997
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Monuments
and.
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Practicals
~ five practical sessions
~ closed footwear must be worn in the
lab
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Laboratory Staff
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Some Suggestions
Attend the lectures.
It takes longer to
understand from the
lecture notes
It is practical, interesting
and makes lot of sense.
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Some Suggestions
Work in groups.
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Some Suggestions
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Exams
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