In bulk oil circuit breaker,

transformer oil is not only

used extinguish the arc but
also serves as insulation
between the live and
earthed parts. A heavy
quantity of oil, depending
upon system voltage, is
used in the bulk oil circuit
breakers (about 5000 liters
in 220KV system).

This not only increases the

expenses but also increases the
fire risk. Therefore minimum
oil circuit breakers are designed
in which only 10 % of the oil is
used to extinguish the arc. The
container of minimum oil circuit
breakers is supported on
porcelain insulators. To provide
the required insulation between
the live and earthed parts. Thus
the minimum oil circuit

D.C Supply is the brain of

the plant. Each unit has its
own 220volts D.C system
located in the electrical
bay. 48 battery of requisite
rating are also being
provided. Each D.C system
comprises of the
following:1. Storage battery
2 Battery Charges


The electricity generated at 11KV by the turbo-generation
sets is stepped up by power transformers to132 KV in case
of stage-1 and to 220 KV in case of stage-2 for further
transmission through 7, 220 KV and 15, 132 KV air blast
circuit breakers along with their associated protective
systems.

The major equipments installed at G.N.D.T.P. sub-stations

are: Transformers
Circuit Breakers
Isolators
Bus-Bars
Lightening Arrestors
Current Transformers


These are provided for
stepping up the
generation voltage. For
units 1 & 2 the power
transformer step up the
voltage from 11 KV to
132 KV and for units 3 &
4 the power transformers
step up the voltage from
11 KV to 220 KV. All the
four transformers have a
rated capacity of 125


The auto
transformers are
used to balance the
load between the 132
KV bus bars and the
220 KV bus bars. The
auto transformers
have a capacity of
100 MVA each.

There is one unit of

auxiliary transformer
provided on each
unit to step down
the voltage from 11
KV to 6.6 KV which is
require for major
plant auxiliaries.
These transformers
have a capacity of
15 MVA each.

Two Nos station

transformers one for
each unit are
provided to step
down the voltage
from 132 KV to 6.6
KV. These
transformers have
capacity of 22.5
MVA. They serve as
the standby source
of supply to

It is device, which makes

and breaks the circuit
under no load, full load
or fault conditions. It can
be operated manually
under normal conditions
and automatically under
abnormal conditions
with the help of relays.

A schematic
arrangement of an
axial-blast air circuit
breaker is as shown in
figure. The arcing
potions of the fixed
and moving contacts
are coated with silver
tungsten alloy. The
moving contacts are
coated to a piston and

One of the cardinal measures

for ensuring full safety in
carrying out work on piece of
equipment in electrical
installation is to disconnect
reliably the unit or section on
which the work is to be
performed from all other live
parts of the installation. To
guard against mistake it is
necessary that an apparatus,
which make visible break in
the circuit, should do this.

These are the arc

apparatus devices
designed to protect
insulators of power lines
and electrical
installations from
lightening surges by
diverting surge to earth
and instantly restoring
the circuit insulation to
its normal strength with
respect to earth. These
are connected between


These are the
instrument
transformers. The
secondary winding
of the C.T. is
connected to the
instruments placed
on the panel boards.
The secondary
winding is also
connected to various

These are used in

carrier
communication
circuits and are
mounted on the
lines.

Since G.N.D.T.P. units are

primarily coal fired units so
each boiler is provided with
closed milling circuits to
pulverize the raw coal which
is received from coal
conveying system after coal
crushes before it is fired in
the furnace. The necessity
of pulverizing the coal is to
be ensuring its maximum
possible combustion in the
COAL MILL

Dust extractions from

industrial gases become a
necessity for environmental
reasons. Most of the plants in
India use coal as fuel for
generating steam. The
exhaust gases contain large
amount of smoke and dust,
which are being emitted into
atmosphere. This poses a real
threat to the mankind as a
deserting health hazards.


The Electrostatic precipitator
utilizes electrostatic forces to
separate the dust particle form
the gas to be cleaned. The gas
is conducted to a chamber
containing Curtains of
vertical steel plates. These
curtains divide the chamber
into a number of parallel gas
passages. The frames are
linked to each other to form a

The hoppers are sized to

hold the ash for 8 hrs.
collection. Buffer plates
provided in each hopper
to avoid gas leakage.
Inspection door is
provided on the one side
of hoper wall.
Thermostatically
controlled heating
elements are arranged at
the bottom portion of the

Rapping mechanism
is provided for
collecting and
emitting electrodes.
Geared motors drive
the rapping
mechanism. The
rapping system
employs tumbling
hammers, which are
mounted on a


The rectifier supplies the power for as particle
charging and collection. The basic function of
the EC is to feed the precipitator with maximum
power input under constant current regulation
should there be any flash between collecting
and emitting electrodes, the EC will sense the
flash and quickly react by bringing the input
period voltage to zero and blocking it for a
specific period. After the ionized gases are
cleaned and the dielectric strength restored, the
control will quickly bring back the power to a
present value and raise it to the original non-

RAMANDEEP KAMBOJ
L-611052078