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MATERI KULIAH :
1. Struktur atom
2. Konfigurasi elektron
3. Sistem Berkala
4. Sifat periodik (potensial ionisasi, jari-jari atom,
afinitas elektron, keelektronegatifan)
5. Teori ikatan kimia
6. Struktur molekul
7. Sifat gas
8. Zat padat dan kisi kristal
9. Cairan
10.Asam basa
11.Stoikiometri
12.Hk. Termodinamika dan Termokimia
MATERI
Penilaian :
Kuis : 20 %
Tugas terstruktur : 20 %
Kehadiran : 10 %
UTS : 25 %
UAS : 25 %
Atomic Structure
Describe Proton
Protons are positively charged particles found in
the atomic nucleus. Protons were discovered by
Ernest Rutherford..
Describe Neutron
Describe Electron
Electrons are negatively charged particles that
surround the atom's nucleus. Electrons were
discovered by J. J. Thomson in 1897.
Electrons determine properties of the atom.
Chemical reactions involve sharing or exchanging
electrons.
Describe Nucleus
The nucleus is the central part of an atom. It
is composed of protons and neutrons.
The nucleus contains most of an atom's
mass.
It was discovered by Ernest Rutherford in
1911.
Subatomic Particles
Particle
Charge
Mass (g)
Location
Electron
(e-)
-1
9.11 x 10-28
Electron
cloud
Proton
(p+)
+1
1.67 x 10-24
Nucleus
Neutron
(no)
1.67 x 10-24
Nucleus
Complete Symbols
Contain the symbol of the element, the
mass number and the atomic number.
Superscript
Mass
number
Subscript
Atomic
number
Atomic Number
Atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and
electrons
How then are atoms of one element different from
another element?
Elements are different because they contain different
numbers of PROTONS
The atomic number of an element is the number of
protons in the nucleus
# protons in an atom = # electrons
Atomic Number
Atomic number (Z) of an element is the number of
protons in the nucleus of each atom of that element.
Element
# of protons
Atomic # (Z)
Carbon
Phosphorus
15
15
Gold
79
79
Mass Number
Mass number is the number of protons and
neutrons in the nucleus of an isotope:
Mass # = p+ + n0
Nuclide
p+
Oxygen - 16
Arsenic - 75
Phosphorus
- 31
33
15
n0
e- Mass #
8
16
42
33
75
16
15
31
10
EXAMPLE
How many protons, neutrons and electrons are found in an
atom of
133
55
Cs
Hydrogen
1
1
Protons: 1
Neutrons: 0
Electrons: 1
Sodium
23
11
Protons: 11
Neutrons: 12
Electrons: 11
Na
Atomic Mass
Symbol
Atomic Number
Charge
(if ion)
Sodium
Protons: 11
Neutrons: 12
Electrons: 10
23
11
Na
Symbols
80
35
Br
Symbols
Symbols
Symbols
Rhenium
186
75
Re
Rhenium isotope
187
75
Re
13
6
14
6
14
7
13
6
14
7
Contoh soal
Tentukan jumlah proton dan neutron dalam
isotop-isotop berikut ini:
1
1
23
11
Na,
24
11
Na, dan
24
12
Mg