PRESENTATION

ON
LOAD DISPATCH CENTERS
BY:
BINIT MOHAPATRA
GET(ANGUL)

INTRODUCTION
Electricity cannot be stored and has to be produced when it is
needed. It is therefore essential that power system is planned and
operated optimally & economically. This is the main objective of
Load Dispatch Centre.
The Load Dispatch Centre is the apex body to ensure
integrated operation of the power system
The Load Dispatch Department is the nerve centre for the
operation, planning, monitoring and control of the power system

POWER SYSTEM
Network of generating stations, substations, and power lines is
called as power system
The whole power system also uses different devices for different
functions like data loggers, data acquisition devises, SCADA,
security monitoring systems etc.
Other things like data transmission logging, acquisition,
receiving, and economic load Dispatch, load forecasting and
load allocation is also important for power system .

SCENARIO BEFORE LOAD DISPATCH CENTERS

NO GRID DISCIPLINE
FREQUENT GRID FAILURES
NON OPTIMUM UTILISATION OF AVAILABLE RESOURCES
NO REAL TIME AVAILABILITY OF DATA
HIGH PER UNIT COST

OBJECTIVES
To provide Reliable , Uninterrupted and Quality power to the
consumers
To Provide Secure operation and Control of the Power System in
the country leading to GRID DISCIPLINE.
For getting real time information for speedy and efficient
decision-making
For running the power system at maximum economy.

HEIRCHY

ROLE OF SLDC
Demand Estimation for operational purpose
Regulating Generation Load Balance
Maintain system frequency in 49.0 Hz to 50.5 Hz range
Outage planning and monitoring
Restoration procedure planning and implementation
Reactive power management and voltage control

Load Shedding Implementation

ROLE OF RLDC
Be responsible for optimum scheduling and dispatch of
electricity within the region.
Monitor grid operations.
Keep accounts of the quantity of electricity transmitted through
the regional grid; Compliance of directions.
Exercise supervision and control over the inter-State
transmission system.

ROLE OF NLDC
Supervision over the RLDCs.
Coordination with RLDCs for achieving maximum economy
and efficiency in operation of National Grid.
Monitoring of operations and grid security of the National
Grid.
Co-ordination with Regional Power Committees for regional
outage schedule in the national perspective to ensure
optimum utilization of power

ESSENTIAL FACILITIES REQUIRED

Reliable and far reaching communication network

Accurate SCADA system
Fast data processor and data formatting system
Reliable power supply for LDC equipment for all the time
Visual display of important system data
Basic amenities, utilities and logistics

SCADA
SCADA is an acronym that stands for Supervisory Control and
Data Acquisition. SCADA refers to a system that collects data
from various sensors at a factory, plant or in other remote
locations and then sends this data to a central computer which
then manages and controls the data
SCADA system refers to a data acquisition oriented system
that coordinates, but does not control processes.

A SCADA system usually consists of the following subsystems:

A Humanmachine interface or HMI
A supervisory (computer) system, gathering (acquiring) data on the
process and sending commands (control) to the process.
Remote terminal units (RTUs) connecting to sensors in the
process, converting sensor signals to digital data and sending digital
data to the supervisory system.
Programmable logic controller (PLCs) used as field devices because
they are more economical, versatile, flexible, and configurable than
special-purpose RTUs.
Communication infrastructure connecting the supervisory system to
the remote terminal units .

BENEFITS OF SCADA
Constant access to Real Time picture of entire network showing
power system voltage ,frequency, MW, MVAR, etc.
Supervision, monitoring and control of power in Real Time.
Optimal operation of power system, i.e. generation And
associated resources.
Minimum of outage and faster restoration of the system in the
event of Grid disturbances.
Improvement in the quality of supply through better control of
frequency, voltage and other parameters.

LOAD FORECASTING
Load forecasting helps an electric utility to make important
decisions including decisions on purchasing and generating electric
power, load switching, and infrastructure development.
Load forecasts can be divided into three categories:

short-term forecasts

medium forecasts

long-term forecasts

LOAD FORECASTING

FUTURE SCENARIO

THANK YOU