Lesson 2: The ancient

Filipinos:
THE PRE-COLONIAL
period

THE BARANGAY
These were wellorganized and
independent
villages.
The name
originated from
balangay
meaning
sailboats

THE SOCIETY
3 Social clasess:
1. Maharlika (nobles)- consisted the
barangays highest social class.
2. Timawa (freeman)- consisted the
middle class , the majority of the
people of the barangay.
3. Alipin (slaves) lowest class
. Namamahay- who enjoyed some rights
like owning properties
. Saguiguilid- who lived in their masters

GOVERNMENT AND LAWS

Barangays were ruled by a
chieftain called Datu, who were
addressed either as Raja or
Lakan.
Once a law was made, a town
crier called Umalohokan ,
would go around village and
announce the new law.

Houses and Dwellings

Made of wood
and bamboo,
roofed by nipa
palm called
bahay kubo
The Badjaos
(Sea Gypsies) of
Sulu Sea still live
in boat houses.

FOOD AND DRINKS

The staple food of the early
Filipino was Rice.
For Drinks : Wines from
coconut palm or lambanog
and rice wine tapuy of the
igorot.

CLOTHING

Men
Kangan
Bahag
Potong

CLOTHING
Women
Baro
Skirt called
saya
Patadyong
Malong

MUSIC AND DANCES

Music
Kudyapi- tagalog guitar
Kulintang moro xylophone
Dances
Kumintang- tagalog love dance
Mahinhin tagalog courtship
dance
Panjalay- Muslim wedding dance

Religion
Bathala the supreme God
and the creator of heaven
and earth.
Anitos or Diwatas
worshipped the spirits of their
dead ancestors..
Katalona or babaylan- lead
the offering of sacrifices

MOURNING AND BURIAL

People were not allowed to wear
colorful clothes
2. They were not allowed to sing
3. Spears were carried upside and down
4. All wars and quarrels were
suspended
Maglahi for dead man
Morotal Dead Woman
1.

LANGUAGE
Malayo-Polynesian languagethe mother tounge of the
Southeast Asia- Pacific races.
System of Writing
Baybayin- the alphabet that
originated from asokan
alphabet of India.

FOREIGN TRADE
They had trade
with China, Japan,
Thailand (Siam),
India, Borneo and
other Asian Lands.
Barter is the
method of their
exchange where
goods exchange to
another goods.

QUIZ
1.

2.

3.
4.

5.

One of the type of Alipin who lived in their

masters house and could sold anytime.
The ancient filipinos who lived in
barangays were rules by chieftain
cslled__________.
The tagalog guitar called______.
Their supreme god was _____ , the creator
of heaven and earth.
The method of goods were exchanged for
another goods.

Answers
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Saguiguilid
Datu
kudyapi
Bathala
barter

Lesson 3:
The arrival of
the west

HOLY WARS
Barbarians began to create their
kingdoms on what were the vast
territories of the empire.
Constantinople (Istanbul). This remnant
empire will soon be called as the
Byzantinian Empire. The empire
included Palestine (Israel).
Palestine was referred to as the Holy
Land by Christians and Muslims.
The results were the 9 CRUSADES

TRADE WARS
Portugal under Prince Henry the
Navigator
He led to the discovery of Cape
Verde and Sierra Leone for Portugal .
Portugal reached the tip of Africa.
In 1497, Vasco De Gama rounded the
Cape of Good Hope.
Christopher Columbus he believed
that the world is round , not flat. He

THE WORLD DIVIDED

In 16th century Portugal and Spain
became rivals in the discovery of
new lands.
Pope Alexander VI drew an
imaginary line in 483 km . Land
East of this line belong to Portugal
while West to Spain.
To avoid conflict, the kings of
Portugal and Spain concluded the

THE MAGELLAN EXPEDITION

Ferdinand Magellan was Portuguese
national .
Magellan renounced his citizenship and
offered his service to King Charles I of
Spain.
The expedition consisted of 265 mn
and Five ships
1. Trinidad (Flagship)
2. San antonio
3. Concepcion

REDISCOVERY OF THE
PHILIPPINES
March 16, 1521 saw the
mountains of Samar. This marked
the first arrival of the Spaniards in
the Philippines or Rediscovery of
the Philippines
Next day, Magellan landed at
homonhon and he proceeded to
Limasawa which ruled by Raja
Kulambu. They sealed their

On March 31, 1521 , the first Christian

mass was celebrated in Limasawa. It
was officiated by Fray Valderrama.
He named it Archipelago of St.
Lazarus
After Limasawa , he arrived at Cebu
on April 7, 1521. He made a blood
compact with Rajah Humabon, ruler
of Cebu.

THE BATTLE OF MACTAN

On April 27, 1521, Magellan sailed
from Cebu to Mactan to confront
the defiant Lapu-lapu.
The Victory of Lapu-lapu in Mactan
marked the first recorded
successful defense by the Filipinos
of their freedom against foreign
invaders .
History honors Lapu-lapu as the

TREATY OF ZARAGOSA
Under this treaty, Spain sold to
Portugal her claims over Moluccas on
April 22, 1529 for 350, 000 gold ducats.
To avoid conflicts , a new demarcation
line was made about 1,430 km east of
Moluccas . All lands east of this
demarcation would belong to Portugal
and those of the west would go to
spain.

The fourth expedition was headed by

Ruy Lopez de Villalobos.
He crossed the Pacific and reached
Mindanao on February 2, 1543. he
named Mindanao , which he found
so beautiful Cesares Caroli.
After reaching Samar and Leyte, he
gave the name Las Islas Felipinas.

Quiz
The first Christian mass
was celebrated in ______
2. Who was the ruler of
Limasawa?
3. Who was the ruler of
Cebu?
4-5. Give the flagship of
1.

Answers
LIMASAWA
2. Rajah Kulambu
3. Rajah Humabon
4-5
Trinidad
San Antonio
Concepcion
Victoria
Santiago
1.