CREATING DATABASES

***When creating databases, two (2)

files are automatically created:
- Master Data File (.mdf)
- Database Transaction Log File (.ldf)

CREATING DATABASES
DATABASE FILE (MDF):
CREATE DATABASE [database_name]
***Default settings are used in this way
of database definition

CREATING DATABASES
DATABASE FILE (MDF):
CREATE DATABASE [database_name] ON PRIMARY
(
NAME = Ndatabase_name',
FILENAME =
N'C:\Program Files\file path of SQL
Server\database_name.mdf',
SIZE = size in <KB,MB,GB>,
FILEGROWTH = size in <KB,MB,GB> or in <%>,
)

CREATING DATABASES
DATABASE FILE (MDF):
CREATE DATABASE [SQLDemo2008] ON PRIMARY
(
NAME = N'SQLDemo2008',
FILENAME =
N'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL
Server\MSSQL10.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\DATA\SQLDemo20
08.mdf',
SIZE = 3048KB,
FILEGROWTH = 1024KB
)

CREATING DATABASES
DATABASE LOG FILE (LDF):
LOG ON
(
NAME = N'SQLDemo2008_log',
FILENAME =
N'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL
Server\MSSQL10.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\DATA\SQLDemo20
08_log.ldf' ,
SIZE = 1024KB,
FILEGROWTH = 10%
)

CREATING TABLES
CREATE TABLE Table_Name
(
Column1 DATA_TYPE(length) [NULL|NOT NULL],
Column2 DATA_TYPE(length) [NULL|NOT NULL],
...
ColumnN DATA_TYPE(length) [NULL|NOT NULL]
)

CREATING TABLES
CREATE TABLE Instructor
(
InstructorId INT IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
LastName CHAR(30) NOT NULL,
FirstName VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
MiddleInitial CHAR(1) NOT NULL,
DateHired DATETIME NOT NULL
)

FIELD DATA INTEGRITY (CONSTRAINTS)

PRIMARY KEY CONSTRAINT:
The PRIMARY KEY constraint uniquely identifies
each record in a database table.
A combination of a NOT NULL and UNIQUE.
Ensures that a column (or combination of two or
more columns) have a unique identity which helps
to find a particular record in a table more easily
and quickly.

FIELD DATA INTEGRITY (CONSTRAINTS)

PRIMARY KEY CONSTRAINT:
SYNTAX:
CREATE TABLE Table_Name
(
Column1 DATA_TYPE(length) [NULL|NOT NULL],
...
PRIMARY KEY (Column1)
)

FIELD DATA INTEGRITY (CONSTRAINTS)

CREATE TABLE Instructor
(
InstructorId INT IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
LastName CHAR(30) NOT NULL,
FirstName VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
MiddleInitial CHAR(1) NOT NULL,
DateHired DATETIME NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (InstructorId)
)

FIELD DATA INTEGRITY (CONSTRAINTS)

FOREIGN KEY CONSTRAINT:
A FOREIGN KEY in one table points to a PRIMARY
KEY in another table.
Ensure the referential integrity of the data in one
table to match values in another table

FIELD DATA INTEGRITY (CONSTRAINTS)

FOREIGN KEY CONSTRAINT:
SYNTAX:
CREATE TABLE Table_Name
(
Column1 DATA_TYPE(length) [NULL|NOT NULL],
FK_Col DATA_TYPE(length) [NULL|NOT NULL],
PRIMARY KEY (Column1),
FOREIGN KEY (FK_Col) REFERENCES Tbl_B(PK_Col)
)

FIELD DATA INTEGRITY (CONSTRAINTS)

CREATE TABLE EnrollRecord
(
EnrollRecordId int identity NOT NULL
EnrollStartDate datetime NOT NULL,
EnrollEndDate datetime NOT NULL,
InstructorId int NOT NULL,
StudentId int NOT NULL,
SubjectId int NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (EnrollRecordId),
FOREIGN KEY (InstructorId) REFERENCES
INSTRUCTOR(InstructorId)
)

FIELD DATA INTEGRITY (CONSTRAINTS)

DEFAULT CONSTRAINT:
Assumed value if no explicit value
Specifies a default value when specified none for
this column

FIELD DATA INTEGRITY (CONSTRAINTS)

DEFAULT CONSTRAINT:
SYNTAX:
CREATE TABLE Table_Name
(
Column1 DATA_TYPE(length) DEFAULT value,
)

FIELD DATA INTEGRITY (CONSTRAINTS)

CREATE TABLE Persons
(
Person_Id int NOT NULL,
LastName varchar(255) NOT NULL,
FirstName varchar(255),
Address varchar(255),
City varchar(255) DEFAULT 'Sandnes'
)

FIELD DATA INTEGRITY (CONSTRAINTS)

CHECK CONSTRAINT:
Allowable value limitations
The CHECK constraint is used to limit the value
range that can be placed in a column.

FIELD DATA INTEGRITY (CONSTRAINTS)

CHECK CONSTRAINT:
SYNTAX:
CREATE TABLE Table_Name
(
Column1 DATA_TYPE(length) CHECK (condition)
[NULL|NOT NULL]
)

FIELD DATA INTEGRITY (CONSTRAINTS)

CREATE TABLE Student
(
StudentId INT IDENTITY(100,1) NOT NULL,
LastName CHAR(30) CHECK (LEFT (LastName,3) <>
'Rob') NOT NULL,
FirstName VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
MiddleInitial CHAR(1) NOT NULL,
BirthDate DATETIME NULL,
HomeAddress VARCHAR(100) NULL,
)

FIELD DATA INTEGRITY (CONSTRAINTS)

UNIQUE CONSTRAINT:
Ensures that each rows for a column must have a
unique value

FIELD DATA INTEGRITY (CONSTRAINTS)

UNIQUE CONSTRAINT:
SYNTAX:
CREATE TABLE Table_Name
(
Column1 DATA_TYPE(length) UNIQUE
[NULL|NOT NULL]
)

FIELD DATA INTEGRITY (CONSTRAINTS)

CREATE TABLE Student
(
StudentId INT IDENTITY(100,1) NOT NULL,
LastName CHAR(30) CHECK (LEFT (LastName,3) <>
'Rob') NOT NULL,
FirstName VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
MiddleInitial CHAR(1) NOT NULL,
BirthDate DATETIME NULL,
HomeAddress VARCHAR(100) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
)