ABSTRACT

We are decided to constructed a hospital building at ETTAMADAI

in Kanya kumarai district we have proposed to construct a hospital around
653l sq ft area it is a framed structure with G + l floor Nowadays
hospitals can be seen well crowded as they are provided with a very good
service. As they are run by private sector, it provides a very good medical
care for the people. In the last few year numerous accidents had occurred
at Ettamadai ,and also there is no other hospital facility available in this
area, people are in need of a hospital construction will be definitely fulfill
the need of people over there.
We have decided to construct a hospital which is specialized with the
treatment for Eye care unit, Orthology, ENT, Neurologist, Diabetic centre,
Metrantic care, heart specianlist, and child care unit The extra facility are
lab unit, operation theater, emergency care unit, scanning and X-ray
facilities, ECG and sufficient number of room are available.The building
which is to be constructed is framed structure with and the design is based
on Limit state method with help of IS 456:2000,IS 875:l987,IS 456:l978

INTORDUCTION

GENERAL
We are proposed to design a hospital building in ETTAMADAI.
As it is a rural area and here the hospital facility is comparatively less so
the people from that place spend more time to reach the hospital. This is
so for this we design a hospital building in that place all the requirement
like Emergency ward, first aid, Pharmacy etc. So this will help the people
who are shirted in the place. The hospital building is constructed with
eco-friendly material
A hospital is a health care institution providing patient treatment
by specialized staff and equipment. Hospital are usually funded by the
public sector, by health organization, health insurance companies,
including direct charitable donations. Historically hospital were often
founded by religious order or charitable individuals and leader. Today
hospital are largely staffed by the foundation religion order or by
volunteers. However there are various catholic religious order such as the
Alexians and the Bon secours sister, Which still focus on hospital ministry
today.

StructureMember
Slab:
Slabs are the primary member of a structure which support the
imposed loads directly on the supporting element such as beam, wall,
column etc. therefore a slab should be safe and stable against the applied
loads and should have the required strength and stiffness to satisfy the
ability requirements.
Column:
A column is structure member providing to carry a compressive
load and whose effective length exceeds time its least lateral dimension.
In building column are provide to support the footing system effective. It
also transfers the loads safely to the foundation.

Beam:
Beam are defined as a horizontal load carrying member in a structure.
Reinforcement cement concrete, prestressed concrete and I-section are
used as beam to support the slabs. Thus in a structure the load is
transmitted to the foundation and thus the load is safety transmitted to the
soil.
Staircase:
A staircase consists of a number of steps arranged in a series, with
landing at appropriate location, for the purpose of giving to different floor
of a building. The width of a staircase may depond on the purpose for
which it is provided and may generally vary between 1m for the
residential building to 2m for the public building

BUILDINGELEMENTS:

INTRODUCTION:

The building designed in this project is belongs to framed structure

category. The analysis of the structure is done by using software package
named STAAD PRO 2007. Hence analysis is done without time
consuming and the building elements are designed and analyzed to check
if it is safe to carry the load acting on the structure without any failure.
EarthWorkAndExcavation:

Foundation trenches shall be dig to the size of 2.0 m x 3.0 m and

depth of 1.75 m from the ground level for footing. The excavated earth
content shall be placed on one meter away from the edge of the trench and
the bottom of the foundation shall be leveled.
Foundation:

The foundation concrete shall be in P.C.C 1:4:8 using 40 mm HYSD

metal with 750 mm thick for all column and below ground level size of
footing will be 2.0 m x 3.0 m for all the columns.

Superstructure:

The walls will be of brick work in C.M 1:4, 230 mm thick using first
class bricks. The bricks shall be of uniform size 190 mm x90 mm x90 mm
and wall is plastering with C.M 1:5 and 12 mm thick for both the sides.

R.C.CWORK:
Column:

The column will be provided for the size of 230 mm x350mm and
height of the column is 3.5 m in R.C.C cement concrete M 20grade mix in
using 25mm HYSD metal bars.
Footing:
The foundation for all footing will be in R.C.C cement concrete M 20
grade mix in using 16 mm &25 mm HYSD 900 mm thick with plan area
2000 mm x3000 mm footing will be 1750 mm below ground level.

Beam:

The beam will be provided with the size of 230 mm x350 mm in

R.C.C cement concrete M20 grade mix in using 20 mm HYSD metal bars.
Lintel:
The lintel will be provided for the size of 230 mm x150 mm thick in
lintel beam with R.C.C cement concrete M20 grade mix in using 10 mm
HYSD metal bars. The lintels should be provided only for above the
openings.
Sunshade:

The Sunshade will be provided for the size of 450 mm x150 mm

thick in Sunshade with R.C.C cement concrete M20 grade mix in using 8
mm HYSD metal bars. The Sunshade should be provided only for above
the openings.

FormWorkAndCuring:

Form work shall be made with timber or steel plates with necessary
bracing and wedge. All the form work shall be removed before 14 days
and being cured for 28 days.
Flooring&Finishing:

Flooring with bed of P.C.C 1:4:8 using 12 mm HYSD bars and floor
finishes in this slabs are rimmed and completed as per standard
specifications. Finishing for different rooms should be choosing
according by its utility and loadings in the floor.
Doors,WindowsAndVentilators:

The doors, windows and ventilators shall be made up of best wood

and glasses with pleasing appearance.

Plastering:

The wall plastering of inside and outside surface will be proposed to

finish with plastering in C.M 1:4 12 mm thick. Roof plastering is done
with C.M 1:3 20 mm thick.
METHODOLOGY:
Drafting:

The drawings are drawn according to Government norms.

1. Plan
2. Elevation
3.Section
The drawings are drawn by using AutoCAD software.


A Structure is the assemblage of two or more basic
structural components connected together in such a way
that they serve the user functionally and carry the loads
arising out of the self and superimposed loads safely
without carrying any problem of serviceability.

Basic structural components when connected in a proper

way from a building.The structural analysis is deals with the
analysis of internal forces in various components of structure
subjected to loads. The internal member forces are axial
force, Bending moment, Shear force etc.

DESIGN:
Various methods are available for design of structure as
listed below
1.Limit state method
2.Ultimate load method
Method based on experimental procedure and
investigation limit state method was adopted in this
project.

Limit state method:

Limit state design is a method of designing
structures based on a statistical concept of safely and
the associated statistical probability of failure. The limit
state philosophy was developed due to the inadequacy
in the working stress method of design pioneered by
German professor Marsh in the early part of 20 th century
and the method is proceeded. Limit state design is
considered as the primary method of design of
reinforced concrete structures and is incorporated in the
British, American codes and the latest Indian Standard
code IS:456-2000.:

ANALYSISOF
BEAM

Fixed end moment

MAB = - wl2/12
= - 39.76x52/12
= - 82.83KNm

MBA = wl2/12
= 39.76x52/12
= 82.83KNm
MBC =-12.59KNm
MCB = 12.59KNm
MCD = -82.83KNm
MDC = 82.83KNm
MDE =-12.59KNm
MED = 12.59KNm
MEF = 82.83KNm
MFE = - 82.83KNm
Stiffness Factor
@ joint B
MBA = I/L
= 1/5
= 0.2EI
MBC = 3EI/4L
= 0.375EI
K = 0.575EI

@ joint C
MCB = 3EI/4L
= 0.375EI
MCD = 3EI/4L
= 0.15EI
K = 0.525EI
@ joint D
MCD = 3EI/4L
= 0.15EI
MDE = 3EI/4L
= 0.375EI
K = 0.525EI
@ joint E
MED = 3EI/4L
= 0.375EI
MEF = I/L
= 0.2
K = 0.575EI

Diff factor of MBA = 0.35

Diff factor of MBC = 0.65
Diff factor of MCB = 0.71
Diff factor of MCD = 0.29
Diff factor of MDC = 0.29
Diff factor of MDE = 0.71
Diff factor of MED = 0.65
Diff factor of MEF = 0.35 Moment Distribution method
Max BM
MAB = wl2/8
= 39.76x5 2/8
= 124.25KNm
MAB = wl2/2
= 39.76x52/2
= 18.88KNm
MCD = 124.25KNm
MDE = 18.88KNm
MEF = 124.25KNm

Moment Distribution

method

BMD

SFD

BMD

DESIGNOFBEAM
Trial section:
D = Span/l0
= 500/l0
= 500mm
Eff Depth:
d = D-d1
= 500mm 40mm
= 460mm
Effective span:
1)

Clear span + wall thickness

5mm + 0.23mm =5.23mm

2)

Clear span + effective depth

5mm + 0.16mm =5.16mm

Moment calculation
Moment Mu = 60.l5KNm
Mu limit

= 0.l38Fck bd2

= 0.l38x20x230x4602
= l34.32xl06KNm
Mu < Mu limit

To find Ast
Mu = 0.87fyAst[d fy Ast/Fckb]
60.l106 = 0.87 415Ast[460 -415Ast/20230]
Ast = 392mm2
Provide 4 no of 12 mm bars Ast = 452 mm2

DESIGNOFSLAB
Size of the slab = 9.925m
SIDE RATIO
Ly/Lx = 9.92/5
= 1.9 < 2
So it is designed as two way slab
Over all depth = 180mm
Effective depth = 160mm
EFFECTIVE SPAN
Clear span + wall thickness
5 + 0.23 = 5.23m
Effective span = 5.16m.

3) LOADING CALCULATION
Design load = 11.25KN/m
4) MOMENT CALCULATION
Ly/Lx = 9.92/5
= 1.984
1.75 0.045
2
0.049
1.984 0.048
Short span x = 0.048
Longer span y = 0.024
Mx= x wl2x
= 0.04811.25(5.16)2
= 14.37KNm
My = y wl2y
= 0.02411.25(5.16)2
= 7.18KNm

5) TO FIND Ast
Mu = 0.87fyAst[d fy Ast/20bd]
14.37106 = 57768 7.47Ast
Ast = 257.33mm2
Provide 4 nos of 10mm bars @ 250 mm c/c
6) DISTRIBUTION
ast/Ast 1000
50.26/192 1000
261.77 mm

9) TO FIND Ast
Mu = 0.87fyAst[d fy Ast/20bd]
7.18106= 57.768103Ast - 7.49Ast2
Ast = 126mm2
Providing 2 nos of 10mm bars

DESIGNOFSLAB
SLAB SIZE = 2.4615m
1) Side Ratio
Ly/Lx=15/2.46
= 6.09 > 2
So it is designed for one way slab
Over all depth = 180mm
Effective depth = 160mm

2) Load calculation:
Self weight of concrete = bD125
= 10.18125
= 4.5 KN/M
Live Load

= 2KN/M

Floor Finish

= 1KN/M

Total

= 7.5KN/M

Design load

= 11.25KN

3) Moment calculation:
Mu = wl2/8
= 11.25(2.16)2
= 6.56KNm
4) To find Ast:
Mu = 0.87fyAst[d fy Ast/fckb]
6.56106= 57768Ast 7.49Ast
Ast = 115.28mm2

7) DISTRIBUTION REINFORCEMENT:
S = ast/AST 1000
= 50.26/192 1000
= 261.77mm
261.77 say 260mm

DESIGNOFFOOTING

Selfweight of footing = 10% of column load

= 10/100839.801
= 83.98 Kn
Total load

= 839.801 + 83.98
= 923.78 Kn

Design load

= 1385 Kn

To find length
Area of footing = Design load/SBS
= 1385/250
= 5.54m2
Area = l b
l

= 1.5 b2

= 1.93m

= 2.9m

Size of spacing = 5.56m

Net upward pressure = 138510 3/5.56
= 249.10 Kn/m2

Design B.M
In longer Direction
Projection of Footing = A a/2
= 2.9 0.3/2
= 1.29mm
Mx1= 249.101.91.291.29/2
= 393.80knm
In shorter Direction
Projection of Footing = B b/2
= 1.9 1.29/2
= 0.835m
Mx2 = 249.102.90.8350.835/2
= 251.83Knm

Design tensile Reinforcement

Mu = 0.87fyAst[d fy Ast/20bd]
393.80106 = 108.3103Ast 2.58Ast2
Ast = 4021.46mm2
Provide 13 nos of 20mm
Ast = 314.159mm2
No of bars = 13 nos
Actual Ast = 13 202/4
= 4084mm

For shear consideration

Freq = 1.5150 = 225mm
= 250mm
Assume cover = 50mm
= 300mm
257.83106= 90.26103Ast 2,55Ast2
Ast = 3057mm2
Provide 20mm
ast = 314.159mm2
No of bars = 10Nos
Provide 10 nos of 20mm bars

COLUMNDESIGN
Loading calculation:
Slab load = lb25No of slab
= 5.235.230.12252
= 164.117 Kn
Floor Finish Load = lb
= 5.235.23
= 27.35Kn
Beam Load = lbt25Nos
= 5250.230.3256
= 54.15Kn

Self Wt of Wall

= lbh19Nos
= 50.233.6196
= 471.96Kn

Live Load

= lb4
= 5.235.234
= 109.41Kn

Self Wt of Concrete = hb25Nos

= 7.440.30.2325
= 12.83Kn
Total load

= 839.801Kn

Design Load

= 1259.70Kn

To Find Ag:
Pu = (0.4fck Ac)+(0.67fyAsc)
Asc: 2% of Ag
Ac = Ag Ax
Ac = Ag 0.02Ag
1259.70103 = (0.4200.98Ag)+ (0.674150.02Ag)
1259.70103 = 7.84Ag + 5.561Ag
Ag = 94.00mm2

Longitudinal reinforcement
p u= (0.4fckAc)+(0.67FyAsc)
Ac = 69000 Asc
1259.70103 = (0.420(69000 Asc))+ (0.67FyAsc)
1259.70103= 552000 8Asc+270.05Asc
707700 = 262.05Asc
Asc = 2700mm2
Provide 6 no of bars

DESIGNOFSTAIRCASE

Data
Roof height = 3.6m
Provide two stair flight
Height of each flight = 3.6/2
= 1.8m
Rise = 150mm
Thread = 300mm
Wide = 2m
M20 & Fe 415
No of steps Required = 1800/180
= 12 nos

Loading Calculation
Dead load of the slap

= (1x0.2x25)
= 5Kn/m
Dead load of the slab in horizontal = 5(150) + (0.3) 2/4
= 5.59Kn/m
Dead load of one slap = 1/2x0.15x0.3x25
= 0.56Kn/m
Load of step per meter length = 0.56x1000/300
= 2.8Kn/m
Finisher is Assume = 0.53Kn/m
Total Dead load = 13.92Kn/m
According to IS 875 part 2:1987
Service live load = 5Kn/m
Total service load = 18.52Kn/m
Design load
= 27.78kn/m

Bending moment
Mu = 27.78x42/8
= 55.56KN/m
To find Ast
55.56x106 = (0.87x415xAstx175) x (1 (415Ast/135x1000x35)
55.56x106 = 63.18x103 Ast 5.99Ast2
Ast = 968mm2
Provide 6no of 16mm bars
Ast = 1206mm2
Distribution rft
Ast = 0.12% of bxd
= (0.12/1000)x1000x175
= 210mm2

DESIGNOFRAMP

Specification
Calculation of each flight = 3.6/2
= 1.8m
Spaced occupied by the ramp = 10m
Let us provide 100mm thickness of wall
General passage depth

= 1m

Landing distance

= 2m

Effective span

= (0.3/2)+2+10
= 12.15m

Thickness of waist slab

= 12150/20
= 610mm

Loading calculation
Dead load of waist slab

= 0.61x1x24
= 14.64KN/m

Dead load of floor finish

= 0.6KN/m

Total

= 15.24KN/m

Design load

= 22.86KN/m

Calculation of BM
B.M

= Wl2/8
= 22.86x12.15 2/8
= 421.83 KN/m
= 430 KNm

Main reinforcement
Mu = 0.87 x Fy x Ast x d x (1 (Fy x Ast/bd Fck))
430x106 = 220.24x103 Ast 7.49Ast2
Ast = 2102mm2
Use 20mm bars
No of Bars = 8 no of Bars
Provide 8 no of 20 mm

Distribution rft
Ast

= 0.12% bd
= 0.12/100 x 1000 x 610
= 732mm2

Provide 4 no of 16 mm Bars

CONCLUSION:
The project work has give an opportunity to think and solve the
problem diffculty what may be rise in planning and designing of hospital
building if the hospiat building is constructed in ETTAMADAI it will full
fill the need of people in kanya kumari district finally we conclude that
the planning and designing of a hospital building has give an great
opportunity for us to think about the all the diffcult that may arise in
planning and designing stage of a building to give possible solution for all
the problem in the planning and designing stage.We come to know to that
the design the hospital is very helpful for us the enhance our kownledge
in planning area of the building

REFERENCES
Limit state design of reinforcement concrete Dr. P.C. Varghese.
Design of reinforced concrete structure Dr. N. Krishna Raju.
Reinforced concrete designs Dr. S. Unnikrishna Pillai.
Limit state design Dr. N.Ram Chandra.
Code of practice for design aids for reinforced concrete IS 456:1978.
Code of practice for design aids for reinforced concrete fourth revision
IS 456:2000.

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