AMS 151: Applied Calc

I
Lecture 4

Viacheslav Zhygulin

Plan for today:

1.
2.
3.
4.

Revision.
Concavity.
Practice exercises.
Questions on HWs, quiz #1

Next Lecture:
1. Quiz # 1 (10 minutes)
2. Trigonometric functions.

Revision:
A function is a rule that takes certain numbers
as inputs and assigns to each a definite output
number. The set of all input numbers is called the
domain of the function and the set of resulting
output numbers is called the range of the
function.

Revision:
A linear function has the form
y = f(x) = b + mx.
Its graph is a line such that
m is the slope, or rate of change of y with
respect to x.
b is the vertical intercept, or value of y when
x is zero.

Revision:
We say P is an exponential function of t with
base a if
where P0 is the initial quantity (when t = 0) and a
is the factor by which P(t) changes when t
increases by 1.
If a > 1, we have exponential growth; if 0 < a <
1, we have exponential decay.

Revision:
Shifts and stretches:

If the function f is invertible, its inverse is defined

as follows:

Revision:
Even and odd functions:

Revision:
Logarithm function:

Concavity.
The graph of a function is concave up if it bends upward as we move
left to right; it is
concave down if it bends downward. A line is neither concave up
nor concave down.

Exercise 1
The half-life of an exponentially decaying quantity is the time required for the quantity to
be
reduced by a factor of one half.
The doubling time of an exponentially increasing quantity is the time required for the
quantity
to double.
A deposit of P0 into a bank account has a
doubling time
of 50 years. No other deposits or withdrawals are
made.
(a) How much money is in the bank account
after 50
years? 100 years? 150 years? (Your answer will
involve
P0.)
(b) How many times does the amount of money
double
in t years? Use this to write a formula for P, the
amount of money in the account after t years.

Exercise 2

Exercise 3
For which pairs of consecutive points in Figure is
the function graphed:
(a) Increasing and concave up?
(b) Increasing and concave down?
(c) Decreasing and concave up?
(d) Decreasing and concave down?

Exercise 4

Exercise 5
Give an example of:
1. A formula representing the statement q
decreases at a
constant percent rate, and q = 2.2 when t = 0.
2. A function that is increasing at a constant
percent rate and that has the same vertical
intercept as f(x) = 0.3x +2.
3. A function with a horizontal asymptote at y =
5 and
range y > 5.

Exercise 6

Exercise 7
Decide if the function f is invertible:
1. f(d) is the total number of gallons of fuel an
airplane has
used by the end of d minutes of a particular flight.
2. f(t) is the number of customers in Macys
department
store at t minutes past noon on December 18,
2014.
3. f(n) is the number of students in your calculus
class
whose birthday is on the n-th day of the year.
4. f(w) is the cost of mailing a letter weighing w
grams.

Exercise 8

Exercise 9
Are statements 1-4 true or false? Give an explanation: