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Mandate of RMRDC Related to

Cluster Mapping
Draw up policy guidelines and action
programmes on raw materials acquisition,
exploitation and development;
Review from time to time, raw material
resources availability and utilization with
a view to advising the Federal
Government on the strategic implication
of depletion, conservation or stock-pilling
of such resources;
Advise on adoption of machinery and
processes for raw materials utilization;

Definitions: Clusters
Mapping
Cluster mapping is a key ingredient of assessing
clusters as it provides rich fact-based analysis of
local competitiveness and concentration of
economic activities. It is based on a sectoral and
cross-sectoral statistical analysisof regional data
for several key performance indicators.
Clustering is an exploratory tool for looking at associations
within gene expression data

Definitions: Raw Materials


Any material in its natural
condition, before it has been
processed for use
Crude or unprocessed material
that can be converted by
manufacture, processing, or
combination into a new and
useful product
The raw materials are the basic
materials from which goods and

Background
Globally, there is increasing awareness
on the need for cooperation,
collaboration, synergy, joint and mutual
support among industries, governments
and academia. This can be facilitated by
practical and effective cluster initiatives.
Policy makers and development
economists are zeroing on cluster as a
strategy, catalyst and veritable tool to
grow national economy through
innovation and creativity.

Background
Around the world policy makers and
development economists are zeroing on
cluster as a strategy, catalyst and
veritable tool to grow national economy
through innovation and creativity.
In Nigeria cluster mapping is one of the
emerging issues, that if given the
necessary attention can drive the
diversification of the Nations Economy
and also improve local manufacturing that
will enable growth and industrialization.

Benefits Of Cluster Mapping of Raw


Materials
Identification of new and existing raw materials
throughout the country
Promote value chain industrial development of the
abundant locally available raw materials across the
country.
Enhance partnership and collaboration between
industry, knowledge centers and entrepreneurs for
increased productivity and competitiveness.
Create employment opportunities and economic
empowerment at the grassroots level as well as
mitigate rural urban migration.
Expedite the utilization of local raw materials as
industrial input.

Application of Cluster
Mapping
Biology: Plan and Animal Ecology
Medicine: Human Genetic, Medical
Imaging
Business Marketing: Market Research,
Grouping Industries
Social Science: Crime Analysis,
Educational Data Mining
Physical Geography: Petroleum
Geology
Technology: Network Analysis,

Concepts of Mapping
Clusters

Different Approaches to Cluster


Mapping

Field
Ariel Reconnaissance
X-Ray
Seismic Reconnaissance
Radio-active Reconnaissance

Types of Mapping

Mapping Raw Materials in


Nigeria

Factors Challenging Cluster Mapping

Leadership: Policies and Laws


Enabling Environment: Infrastructure
Accessibility: Awareness
Partnerships: Coalitions and
Collaborations
Capacity Building: Inadequate
Knowledge and Skills

Current Mapping Projects in Nigeria


Raw Materials SMEs Based Clusters: In its
sustained effort of catalysing industrial and
economic growth, the Council in 2012
initiated the Raw Materials-based SME
Cluster programme to co-coordinate all the
cluster development activities.

The cluster programme is aimed at


stimulating the emergence of at least one
raw material-based cluster in each of the
774 Local Government Areas (LGAs) of the
Country

Current Cluster Mapping Projects


contd
Consequently the Federal Ministry of
Science and Technology (FMST) adopted
the cluster concept as a national
development strategy and expanded the
programme to include the grassroots
under the Federal Government WardBased Cluster Program (WBCP). The aim
is to deploy the developed technologies
by the parastatals under the Ministry to
ensure the emergence of raw material
clusters in all the 9,555 wards of the
country.

Current Cluster Mapping Projects


contd
Sponsored by the Tony Elumelu Foundation, the
Nigeria Innovation Cluster Mapping Project is
poised to uncover the pockets of industry clusters
where companies with similar attributes co-exist.
The research will provide government and
business community with data and tools for
understanding what drives clustering, in every
region of Nigeria, and how policy can boost its
efficiency.
The project will help take guesswork out of
innovation policymaking by assisting government
to know where innovations are occurring, their
forms, and how to nurture them.

Cluster Mapping: Raw Materials


According to State
S/N

STATES

NATURAL RESOURCES

Abia

Gold, Lead/Zinc, Limestone, Oil/Gas & Salt

Abuja

Cassiterite, Clay, Dolomite, Gold, Lead/Zinc, Marble & Tantalite

3
4

Adamawa
Akwa Ibom

Anambra

Bauchi

Bayelsa

Benue

Borno

10

Cross River

Bentonite, Gypsium, Kaolin & Magnesite


Clay, Lead/Zinc, Lignite, Limestone, Oil/Gas, Salt & Uranium
Clay, Glass-Sand, Gypsium, Iron-ore, Lead/Zinc, Lignite,
Limestone, Phosphate & Salt
Gold, Cassiterite (tine ore), Columbite, Gypsium, Wolfram, Coal, Limestone,
Lignite, Iron-ore & Clay
Glay, Gypsium, Lead/Zinc, Lignite, Limestone, Maganese, Oil/Gas &
Uranium
Barite, Clay, Coal, Gemstone, Gypsium, Iron-Ore,
Lead/Zinc, Limestone, Marble & Salt
Bentonite, Clay, Diatomite, Gypsium, Hydro-carbon,
Kaolin & Limestone
Barite, Lead/Zinc, Lignite, Limestone, Manganese,
Oil/Gas, Salt & Uranium

11

Delta

Clay, Glass-sand, Gypsium, Iron-ore, Kaolin, Lignite, Marble & Oil/Gas

12

Ebonyi

13

Edo

Gold, Lead/Zinc & Salt


Bitumen, Clay Dolomite, Phosphate, Glass-sand, Gold,
Gypsium,Iron-ore, Lignite, Limestone, Marble & Oil/Gas

Cluster Mapping: Raw Materials contd


S/N

STATES

14
15
16

Ekiti
Enugu
Gombe

17

Imo

18

Jigawa

19

Kaduna

20

Kano

21
22

Katsina
Kebbi

23

Kogi

24

Kwara

25

Lagos

26

Nasarawa

NATURAL RESOURCES
Feldspar, Granite, Kaolin, Syenite & Tatium
Coal, Lead/Zinc & Limestone
Gemstone & Gypsium
Gypsium, Lead/Zinc, Lignite, Limestone, Marcasite,
Oil/Gas, Phosphate & Salt
Butyles
Amethyst, Aqua Marine, Asbestos, Clay, Flosper,
Gemstone, Gold, Graphite, Kaolin, Hyanite, Mica, Rock
Crystal, Ruby, Sapphire, Sihnite, Superntinite, Tentalime,
Topaz & Tourmaline
Gassiterite, Copper, Gemstone, Glass-sand, Lead/Zinc,
Pyrochinre & Tantalite
Kaolin, Marble & Salt
Gold
Cole, Dolomite, Feldspar, Gypsium, Iron-ore, Kaolin,
Marble, Talc & Tantalite
Cassiterite, Columbite, Feldspar, Gold, Iron-ore, Marble,
Mica & Tantalite
Bitumen, Clay & Glass-sand
Amethyst (Topaz Garnet), Barytex, Barite, Cassirite,
Chalcopyrite, Clay, Columbite, Coking Coal,
Dolomite/Marble, Feldspar, Galena, Iron-ore, Limstone,
Mica, Salt, Sapphire, Talc, Tantalite, Tourmaline Quartz

Cluster Mapping: Raw Materials contd


S/N

STATES

NATURAL RESOURCES

27

Niger

Gold, Lead/Zinc & Talc

28

Ogun

Bitumen, Clay, Feldspar, Gemstone, Kaolin, Limestone &


Phosphate

29

Ondo

Bitumen, Clay, Coal, Dimension Stones, Feldspar,


Gemstone, Glass-Sand, Granite, Gypsium, Kaolin,
Limestone & Oil/Gas

30

Osun

Columbite, Gold, Granite, Talc, Tantalite & Tourmaline

31

Oyo

Aqua Marine, Cassiterite, Clay, Dolomite, Gemstone,


Gold, Kaolin, Marble, Silimonite, Talc & Tantalite

32

Plateau

Barite, Bauxite, Betonite, Bismuth, Cassiterite, Clay,


Coal, Emeral, Fluoride, Gemstone, Granite, Iron-ore,
Kaolin, Lead/Zinc, Marble, Molybdenite, Phrochlore, Salt,
Tantalite/Columbite, Tin & Wolfram

33

Rivers

Clay, Glass-Sand, Lignite, Marble & Oil/Gas

34

Sokoto

Clay, Flakes, Gold, Granite, Gypsium, Kaolin, Laterite,


Limestone, Phosphate, Potash, Silica Sand & Salt

35
36
37

Taraba
Yobe
Zamfara

Lead/Zinc
Soda Ash & Tintomite
Coal, Cotton & Gold

Research Study: The Nigerian


Food and Beverage Industries
Food and beverage industries constitutes various subsectors such as:

Brewery
Soft drink
Flour-mill
Cereal and bakery
products
Dairy products
Animal feeds
(livestock and fishery)
Meat and meat
products

Tea and coffee


Sugar and sugar
confectioneries
Margarine
Edible oils,
Root and tubers
Fruits and
vegetables
Spices and flavours

S/N
1.
2.
3.
4.

5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.

KEY RAW MATERIALS USED IN FOOD


INDUSTRIESSECONDARY TERTIARY
SECTOR
PRIMARY
Beer/Brewery industry

Barley, sorghum, maize, rice Sugar,


enzymes
Soft drinks
Sugar
Cereals
and
Bakery Wheat,
maize
sorghum, Sugar, enzyme
products
cassava flour, starch, other
cereal flour.
Dairy products
Fresh milk/milk powders
Milk
fat
or
vegetable fat,
butter
oil,
enzyme,
dextrose
Cocoa
and
Chocolate Cocoa
powdered,
milk, Egg powder
products
sugar glucose, corn starch
Wine and Distillers
Grape
fruits,
molasses, Other fruits
palm
wine,
concentrate,
flavouring
Animal feed
Maize, soybean, cassava, oil Other cereals,
seed, cake, spent grains
offals,
additives
Tea and Coffee
Tea leaves, coffee beans, Chicory
lemon grass
Sugar and sugar
Sugar
cane,
glucose, Gum
arabic,
confectionery
cassava starch
enzyme
Fruits
and
vegetable Fruits,
vegetables,
fruit
products
concentrates
Spices anf flavouring
Hydrolysed
vegetables,
nitrates,
locust
bean,
pepper, ginger
Meat and fish products
Cattle, beef fish, pork,
poultry, shrimps
Margarine and edible oils

Oil seeds (g/nut, soybean,


sun flower, oil palm etc)

Essential
sugars
-

Hops and additives


Concentrates
Salt,
flavour
additives, vitamins
Flavours, vitamins

Preservatives
Supplements
(vitamins
minerals)
-

and

Colouring,
flavourings, essential
oils.
oils, Flavourings
preservatives
Flavours, extract of
spices from leaves

Snail, osyster, Nitrates, extenders,


games
additives, vegetable
oil, preservatives.

PRIMARY AGRICULTURAL RAW MATERIALS AND


THEIR AVAILABILITY

Raw material

Requireme
nt

Wheat grains
Maize grains
Sorghum grains
Rice grains
Cocoa beans
Coffee beans
Tomato fruit
Pepper
Pineapple
Mango
Cassava
Yam
Plantain
Oil seeds
Fresh milk

H
H
H
H
H
L
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H

House
hold
use
L
L
L
H
L
L
H
H
L
L
H
H
H
H
L

Productio Surplu Defici


n
s
t
L
H
H/L
L
L
L
H
H
L
L
H
H
L
H/L
L

S*
S*
S*
S*
S
S*
-

D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D

Where H = High, L Low, S = Surplus, D = Deficit, S*= surplus during their season but deficit

DERIVED FORMS OF RAW MATERIALS AND THEIR AVAILABILITY IN


NIGERIA
S/N
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.

MATERIAL

Cereal flour
Baking yeast
Veg. fat and oil
Sugar
Soft drink conc
Cocoa powder
Cocoa butter
Glucose
Malt extract
Egg powder
Corn Starch
Milk powder
Butter oil
Hydrolyzed veg.
protein
15. Chicory
16. Oilseed cake

REQUIREMEN
T (H/L
High
H
H
H
H
H
L
H
L
L
L
H
L
L

PRODUCTION
(H/L)
Low
L/Nil
L
L
NIL
L
L
L/NIL
NIL
L/NIL
L/NIL
NIL
NIL
NIL

L
L

NIL
L

SURPLUS DEFICIT

Where H = High, L Low, S = Surplus, D = Deficit, NIL= Not Produced.

D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D

SUBSTITUTES OR ALTERNATIVES FOR IMPORTED


RAW MATERIALS IN NIGERIA
S/N
1.
2.
3.
4.

IMPORTED RAW MATERIAL


Malted barley
Hops
Egg powder
Enzymes

5.
6.

Additives
Wheat/wheat flour

7.

Milk/milk powder

8.
9.
10.
11.

Fat and butter oil


Flavouring
Corn starch
Gum base

12. Fish, meat and poultry


13. Tea leave
14. Dextrose, glucose

LOCAL SUBSTITUTE
Maize, sorghum, rice
Bitter leaf
Malted grains for production of
specific enzymes
Local
wheat
production
but
inadequate
Local fresh milk (inadequate), soy
milk
Local flavours for specific flavours.
Modified cassava flour
Gum Arabic (need to be processed
into well acceptable form)
Local production (inadequate)
Use of other leaves such as lemon
grass (inadequate)
Local sources available. Hydrolysed
cassava starch but inadequate

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