Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
STUDIES SEM- 2
Graduate Report
Urban Infrastructure Planning & Management (CE-632)
Guided By :
Dr. Krupesh chauhan
(Associate Professor)
Prepared by :
Cheitali shroff P11UP023
Zankhana DhimmarP11UP036
CONTENTS
1.Introduction
2.Fire Prevention
3.Causes of Fire
4.Fire Station Location & Building:
5.Water Demand CONTENTS
6.Fire Extinguishing Equipment's
7.Fire And Emergency Services As Per Govt. Of
India Advisory Council:
8.Present Scenario Of Surat City
9.Provision In Suda Byelaws
Summary
References.
INTRODUCTION:
Civic and public safety facilities are community icons--buildings that
promise security and care through any crisis.
Fire hazards and occurrence of fire accidents cause danger to life and property.
So, it is planners role to locate fire stations in such a way that if fire hazard
occurs, fire brigade can reach easily& in effective time.
Fire safety of building means fire resistance of building in terms of hours
when subjected to fire of known intensity.
The Fire Service Week (FSW) is observed nation-wide under the
guidance of the Fire Adviser, Ministry of Home Affairs, Govt. of India during
April 14 20.
The Campaign provides a unique opportunity to enhance fire safety awareness
and mobilize action amongst employees, their families and the public.
Causes of Fire
The reasons of fire may vary from building to building pertaining to
its use & users . Some common reasons can be observed as
- Carelessness- Careless discarding of lighted ends of cigarettes, cigars,
matches and tobacco.
- Smoking in unauthorized places.
- Incorrect storage of materials .
- Faulty workmanship and inattention to electrical installations .
- Inattention of persons concerned with inspection and patrol of the
premises under their jurisdiction
-Domestic Gas Leakage in residential areas & public places.
-Inattention of fire safety regulations
-Unapproved hazardous equipment and layout of the building.
In case of an outbreak of fire, the danger is from fire, smoke and panic.
SITE PLAN
A fire station is a building for storage of firefighting apparatus (i.e. fire engines and related
vehicles), personal protective equipment, firehouse, fire extinguishers, and other firefighting
equipment..
- It has dormitory living
facilities , work areas such as
meeting rooms, Conferences,
workshop, or laundry.
- Living areas are arranged
above the garage bays .
- It may have special means to
allow entry to the ground floor
quickly when a call for help is
received such as sliding down a
brass pole called a fire pole.
-Occupied station will have a
station alarm system for
receiving and annunciating
alarm, and indications of where
and what cause the alarm.
Reception Area
The fire stations entrance area that is open to the public.
Dining Room
Hall for eating meals.
Kitchen
Room where meals are prepared.
Control Center
Room equipped to field emergency calls, sound the alarm, determine fire locations, etc.
Gymnasium
Workout room for fire-fighting personnel.
Meeting Room
Room used by fire station personnel to hold meetings and discussions.
Fire Prevention Education Officers Office
Fire prevention education officer: person responsible for visiting buildings in a specific area
and ensuring that fire prevention measures are applied.
Chiefs Office
Work area reserved for the fire chief.
Administrative Office
Workplace for administrative personnel.
Documentation Center Room used to store documentation such as security documents related
to buildings in a specific area, maps and municipal emergency plans.
Officers Dormitory
Room where officers rest at night or between fire-fighting operations.
Firefighters Dormitory
Room furnished with several beds where firefighters rest at night or between fire-fighting
operations.
Fire Truck
Motor vehicle designed to transport fire-fighting personnel and materials and to supply water
to the fire hose nozzles.
WATER DEMAND
The average fire department uses only a fraction of one percent of
water pumped in a city.
Water required for fire fighting usually known as fire demand. It is
treated as a function of population and may be commuted from the B
formula.
1. KUIEHLINGS FORMULA
Q = 3182 * Sq.root of P
Where, Q = quantity of water in iters
per minute
P = population in
thousands
2. BUSTONS FORMULA
Q = 5663 * P
For a city of 1 lack population, the fore flow required by National
Board of Fire comes out to be 40,500 liters/minute.
Fire Hydrants
These are provided on a ring main of 150 mm dia. in the ground
around the building periphery. The ring main gets water from under
ground water tank with pressure, so that available pressure at each
hydrant is of the order of about 3.5 to 4 kg/cm. The fire hydrants are
placed at 300ft.c/c with easy access in case of emergency.
Smoke Detectors
Smoke
Watch
Fire Alarm
Hydrant
Dispatch
room
Fire man
Fireman
Fireman
01
02
01
Jamadar
Total
Remarks
01
06
3 shift
fire man
At around
10 Km.
01
operation
Manpower
necessary in
control room
Driver
Fireman
Jamadar
Officer
Total
Remarks
For 1 pumping
01
04
01
01
07
In 1 face total 7
unit at 50,000
members necessary
population
1Rescue Vehicle at
3 to 10 lacks
population
In Surat City there are total 12 fire stations to serve the area of 326 sq.km. of
city limit.
The distributions of these fire stations are zone wise, they spread in the city
as per the land reserved by the Surat Municipal Corporation. In Central and
Southwest zone, there are 3 fire stations.
South and West zone are having two fire stations. While east and North zone
are having only one fire station
As Per
Fire Advisoryfor
Council
Necessary
Vehicles
Manpower
The area
required
fire
station
isAnd(10
x 15) mts. and (100 x 200) mts.
respectively as minimum and maximum requirement..
CONTENTS
6. Mora Bhagal
7. Adajan
8. Katargam
9. Varachha
10. Kosad
11. Dumbhal
12. Pandessara
PLACE
Mughlisara
18mts x 30 mts
Ghanchisheri
15mts x 18 mts
Katargam
28 mts x 36 mts
Varachha
24 mts x 30 mts
Navasaribazar
Manderwaja
18 mts x 22 mts
Pandesara
18 mts x 20 mts
Majuragate
32 mts x 42 mts
Adajan
18 mts x 21 mts
10
Morabhagal
20 mts x 18 mts
11
Kosad
18 mts x 20 mts
12
Dumbhal
18 mts x 22 mts
CONTENTS
11 mts x 15 mts
CONTENTS
Fire Resistance
- The time during which a fire resistant material fulfills its function of
contributing the fire safety of a building when subjected to prescribed
conditions of heat and load or resistant.
-The fire resistance test of structure shall be done in accordance with
IS:3809-1966 Fire Resistance Test of Structure.
Fire Separation
-The distance in meter measured from any other building on the site
or from another site or from the opposite side of a street or other
public space to the building.
Fire Service Inlet
A connection provided at the base of a building for pumping up
As Per Fire Advisory Council Necessary Vehicles And Manpower
water through in built fire fighting arrangements by fire service
pumps in accordance with recommendation of the Chief fire officer.
Fire Tower
An enclosed staircase which can only be approached from the various floors
through landings or lobbies separated from the floor area and the stair case
by fire resistance doors.
Travel Distance
The distance to be travelled from any point in a building to a protected
escape route, external escape route or final exit.
Roof Exits
A means of escape on to the roof of a building where the roof has access to
it from the ground. The exit shall have adequate cut-off within the building
from staircase
below.
As Per Fire
Advisory Council Necessary Vehicles And Manpower
Summary
Surat is a compact city and has been expanding along the transport corridors. The
City has central core of 84 sq. kms. which is old city with residential, commercial
,industrial & many other activities. It is over density area with various activities ,with
old buildings & Less road widths.
-The city area at many places has not sufficient widths to pass fire tenders at times of
emergency, Hence Specific Rescue plan shall be kept ready with means of escapes for
safety of citizens.
-
Many fire stations are old & not upto the mark & they need renovations.
- - The fire stations in developing area shall be planned with minimum necessary
requirement & shall have future expansion possible.
- The Buidings shall be planned with modern techniques & shall be equipped with
modern devices.
-
Dormitories shall be planned with modern Look & not like EWS housing look.
REFERENCES
www. Surat municipal.org.in
National Building Code of India, Second Revision, 2005 (Part 4Fire & Life Safety)
IITK-GSDMA Project on Building Codes Fire codes
Thank you