THE SMART

GREENHOUSE
ARDUINO BASED INTELLIGENT
GREENHOUSE

By Amit sa

INTRODUCTION
What is a Greenhouse?

 Greenhouses are controlled-area-environment to

grow plants.

It is a structural building with different types of

covering materials, such as aglassorplasticroof
and frequently glass or plastic walls.

It heats up because incoming visible solar

radiation (for which the glass is transparent)
from the sun is absorbed by plants ,soil, and
other things inside the building.

AUTOMATED GREENHOUSE
Greenhouses form an important part of the agriculture and
horticulture sectors of a country.

They can be used to grow plants under controlled climatic

conditions for optimal production.

Automated greenhouse involves the automatic monitoring and

controlling of climatic parameters which directly or indirectly
govern the plant growth and hence their production.

In order to control the climate factors and environment

autonomously ,it is required a computer/software equipment.

The open-source electronics prototyping

platform

WHAT IS ARDUINO ?

ARDUINO

IS AN

open-source electronics prototyping platform/environment .

The Arduino is built for designers and artistspeople with
little technical expertise.

PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT
The Arduino Uno can be programmed with the Arduino software
IDE .

The Atmega328 on the Arduino Uno comes preburned with a

Bootloader that allows you to upload new code to it without the
use of an external hardware programmer.

You can also bypass the Bootloader and program the

microcontroller through the ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming)
header.

Arduino IDE works on

platforms.

windows , linux as well as Mac lion X

ARDUINO IDE

BRIEF HISTORY OF ARDUINO

In 2005, a project was initiated to make a device for
controlling student-built interactive design projects that was
less expensive than other prototyping systems available at
the time.

Founders Massimo Banzi and David Cuartielles named the

project after Arduin of Ivrea and began producing boards in a
small factory located in Ivrea.

ADVANTAGES OF ARDUINO
Huge documentation and support
Larger library collection
Open source
Simplified and user-friendly programming language
No additional programmer/burner hardware required for programming board
Highly Portable
Low power consumption
Highly customizable

THE BASIC ARDUINO BOARD

Arduino UNO Board

ARDUINO IN THE GREENHOUSE

Arduino is the heart of the The Intelligent Greenhouse.
Arduino boards are able to receive, analyse and send data in
order to maximise plant growth and health.

BENEFITS
Automatically control environmental conditions within

greenhouse allowing any type of plants to be grown all year

round
Eliminates risk of greenhouse not being maintained at
specific environmental conditions due to human error
Minimizes labor costs involved in maintaining a greenhouse
Customer able to define specific greenhouse conditions
Plug-and play product

FEATURES
Detect and maintain temperatures from -40C to 125C.
Detect and maintain humidity levels between 5% RH and
95% RH

Detect sunlight and artificial light.

Detect and maintain moisture in soil.
Continuously update of statistics and parameters over the
internet.

OBJECTIVE

 Build miniature greenhouse which is equipped with

automatic monitoring and controlling system

Constantly monitor and control environmental conditions

in greenhouse to ensure it remains at preset
temperature, light, moisture and humidity levels.

It focuses on saving water, increasing efficiency and

reducing the environmental impacts on plants
production.

The user can see the atmospheric conditions of the

greenhouse plants on website and control the
greenhouse from far away places.

FUNCTIONS
Lower Temperature: 1 Cooling Fan
Raise temperature: Heater (indicated by Bulb for
demonstration purposes)

Decrease humidity level: 1 Exhaust Fan

Increase moisture level: Water pump connected to a water
tank

Increase lighting condition: Fluorescent Light-bulb

Transmission of data over internet: Ethernet shield

MINIATURE
GREENHOUSE WITH
AUTOMATED SYSTEM

REVIEW ORIGINAL
DESIGN

SYSTEM OVERVIEW

Voltage output from sensors sent as inputs

into Arduino
Based on input values, Arduino outputs

HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE

SPECIFICATIONS

HARDWARE
ARDUINO MICROCONTROLLER
ETHERNET SHIELD
LCD DISPLAY
SENSORS
FANS AND RELAYS
WATER PUMP

ARDUINO MICROCONTROLLER
Microcontroller`

ATmega328

Operating Voltage
Input Voltage
(recommended)
Input Voltage
(limits)

5V

Digital I/O Pins

7-12V
6-20V
14 (of which 6 provide PWM
output)
6

Analog Input Pins

DC Current per I/O
40 Ma
Pin
DC Current for 3.3V
50 Ma
Pin
32 KB (ATmega328) of which 0.5
Flash Memory
KB used by bootloader
SRAM
2 KB (ATmega328)
EEPROM

1 KB (ATmega328)

Clock Speed

16 MHz

ETHERNET SHIELD
The Arduino Ethernet shield allows an Arduino board to connect to
the internet using the Ethernet library and to read and write an SD
card using the SD library.

The shield is mounted on top of the

arduino board and can be Connected
to your computer or a network hub or
router using a standard Ethernet cable
(CAT5 or CAT6 with RJ45 connectors).

POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT

An AC source, a transformer, and a bridge rectifier (full diode
bridge) can turn an AC "wall" source into a usable DC source
for low-voltage electronics.

LCD DISPLAY
A LCD is connected with arduino
at 7th, 6th, 5th, 9th, 3rdand 8th pins to
display the reading of various
sensors .

T represents temperature, H
represents Humidity , M
represents Moisture and L
represents internal Light intensity
of the greenhouse, on the LCD.

SENSORS

AMBIENT LIGHT SENSOR

A light sensor, as its name suggests, is

a device that is used to detect light.

A photocell or photo resistor for
example, is a small sensor that
changes its resistance when light
shines on it; they are used in many
consumer products to determine the
intensity of light.

Operating temperature: -20C to 75C

Wavelength Measurement Range:
400nm to 1100nm

TEMPERATURE SENSOR

Manufacturer: Texas Instruments LM35

FEATURES DESCRIPTION:
Calibrated Directly in Celsius (Centigrade)
Linear + 10 mV/C Scale Factor
0.5C Ensured Accuracy (at +25C)
LM35 has an advantage over linear temperature
Rated for Full 55C to +150C Range
Suitable for Remote Applications
Low Cost Due to Wafer-Level Trimming
Operates from 4 to 30
Low Self-Heating, 0.08C in Still Air
Nonlinearity Only C Typical
Low Impedance Output, 0.1 for 1 mA Load

HUMIDITY SENSOR
A humidity sensor, also called a hygrometer, measures and regularly

reports the relative humidity in the air.

Humidity sensor SY-HS-220 is used to sense the humidity of the air in
the green house.
The warmer the air is, the more moisture it
can hold, so relative humidity changes
with fluctuations in temperature.
Operating temperature: 5C to 45C
Humidity Measurement Range: 5%RH to
95%RH.
If the humidity exceeds the maximum limit
then the exhaust fan attached with Arduino
will be switched ON automatically.

MOISTURE SENSOR
Soil moisture sensor
measure the water content
in soil.

This basic cheap soil

moisture sensor consists of
two probes (the metal rods)
held apart at a fixed
distance by some insulating
material.

DEVICES
1 Cooling Fan
Heater (Bulb)
1 Exhaust Fan
Water Pump
Fluorescent Light-bulb

TRANSISTORS TO POWER COOLING

FANS,
EXHAUST FANS & RELAY

10 Ohm

5Vdc

ZENER DIODE (5.6V)

ARDUINO OUTPUT

DEVICES

Power supply: 5V
Recommended Collector Current:
500mA
Recommended Base Current: 50mA
Transistors used as switches to
provide 5V to connected devices.
To ensure circuit functions properly,
followed recommended current flow
through resistor.
To obtain required current flows,
applied Ohms law and obtained
current limiting resistor for collector
to be 10 and 100 for the base.
These specifications enable circuit to
function properly

100 Ohm

RELAY TO TURN ON/OFF

FLUORESCENT
LIGHT BULB, WATER PUMP AND
FANS
DC voltage: 5V

DC current: 500mA.
Relay enables AC current to flow by
implementing a switch within the
device which is controlled by DC
current.
The relay is supposed to allow AC
current through when no dc current
is flowing.
When DC current is passes through,
relay will flick switch to ground,
therefore causing open circuit for
AC current flow.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

POWER SUPPLY

SOFTWARE

ARDUINO IDE 1.0.1

The Arduino integrated development

environment (IDE) is a crossplatform app. written in Java, and is
derived from the IDE for the
Processing programming language
and the Wiring projects.

A program or code written for

Arduino is called a "sketch".

The Arduino IDE uses the GNU

toolchain and AVR Libc to compile
programs, and uses avrdude to
upload programs to the board.

OUTPUT OF THE SENSORS

Temperature sensor:

If the temperature exceeds beyond the limit set then a fan will be automatically
switched

ON as a coolant to reduce the temperature.

When it reaches the desired temperature the fan will be switched OFF
automatically with the help of a relay.

But if the temperature decreases bellow the optimum temperature a bulb as a

heater will be switched ON to set the temperature within the desired range.

Light sensor:

Light sensor sense the light and set an optimum light in the greenhouse for the
plants.

An artificial light will be switched ON automatically by the light sensor with the
help of relay if there is insufficient light for the plants in the greenhouse

And the light is switched OFF automatically when the plants get sufficient light
from the sun.

Moisture sensor:

Soil moisture sensor check the water present in the soil.

If there is not proper water in the soil then moisture sensor sends

signal to the water pump which as a result pumps up the water from
the tank and provide sufficient amount of water to the soil.

When the sensor senses the threshold value of water level in the soil
it automatically turn OFF the pump.

Humidity sensor:

Humidity sensor is used to check the humidity of the air in the

greenhouse.

If the humidity exceeds the limit set then an exhaust fan will be
switched ON with the help of relay to throw the humid air out of the
greenhouse to maintain the suitable environment for the plants.

INSTANTANEOUS OUTPUT OF
SENSORS DISPLAYED ON A WEBSITE

RESULTS/CONCLUSION OF PROJECT
Temperature, Heat, Moisture and Light Sensors are the four
main sensors used in the project which give the exact value of
temperature, heat, moisture and light respectively. These
sensors give the correct result according to the plant's
condition. These results can be seen on the LCD screen
present on the project and on a INTERNET WEBSITE.

SUMMARY
Project successful; features described in Proposal functioned

accordingly
Engineering knowledge acquired over the years fully applied
and tested
Acquired many new skills and knowledge; improved
researching and trouble-shooting techniques
Believe that product will be a success in the market as the
Push for Green and environmental concerns intensifies in
near future

THE GALLERY

FRONT VIEW
VIEW

REAR

INTERNAL VIEW
TOP VIEW

THANK YOU

ANY QUESTIONS?