Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Philip Bedient
Rice University
CEE Department
Houston, Texas
Objectives
The models developed will be within a GIS framework for easy data
manipulation and integration.
Use a lumped parameter hydrological model, HEC-HMS, and a
hydraulic river analysis system, HEC-RAS, to develop a floodplain
based on existing land use and land classification, LIDAR, and both
NEXRAD and design storm rainfall data.
Use the same hydrologic and hydraulic models to predict the impact of
urbanization on the North Main Drain and Cameron County Drainage
District 1 Watersheds
Develop and model feasible flood mitigation options to reduce the
effects of flooding on North Main Drain and Cameron County Drainage
District 1 watersheds.
Overview of Brownsville, TX
Brownsville is a medium-sized
city in the south of Texas,
located just north of the Rio
Grande.
It is characterized by very flat
slopes and clay-rich soils
which make the area very
susceptible to flooding
According to the 2000 US
Census, Brownsvilles
population has grown from
99,000 to 140,000 since 1990
Overview of Brownsville, TX
Brownsville has 4 watersheds
2 main drainage ditches:
Cameron County Drainage District 1 Ditch 23 mi2
North Main Drain 10 mi2
2 resaca networks:
Resaca de la Guerra 5 mi2
Town Resaca 6 mi2
StormRainfall(inches)
DATE
TOTAL
DAILY
Sep-67
15.4
12.1
HurricaneBeulah
Aug-80
6.9
5.5
HurricaneAllen
Sep-84
15.2
7.9
Sep-88
5.4
4.7
HurricaneGilbert
Oct-96
10.6
10.6
TropicalStormJosephine
REMARKS
METHODOLOGY
Overall Methodology
Methodology - LIDAR
LIDAR is Light Detection and
Ranging and uses laser light
reflection, GPS, and INS
Flight Specs:
Flying Speeds: 200 250 km/h
Flying Height: 300 1000 m
Scan Angles: 20 30 deg
Pulse Rates: 2000 50,000
pulses/sec
Disadvantages of LIDAR
Disadvantages:
Accuracy depends on the
accuracy of the GPS and INS
Processing the raw data is not
exact
LIDAR DEM
Rainfall Data
NEXRAD
2Year
10Year
100Year
3.2
4.6
2hours
2.68
4.08
5.9
3hours
2.9
4.48
6.53
6hours
3.3
5.42
8.25
12hours
3.9
6.48
10
24hours
4.6
7.475
11.75
HEC-HMS
HEC-HMS Transforms
Model created by HEC-GeoHMS
extension in ArcView
Simulates the runoff-precipitation
response of a watershed
Basin translation and attenuation
represented by Clark Unit
Hydrograph (TC&R)
Flood wave attenuation in an open
channel is modeled via the
Modified Puls method (Storage
Discharge relationship depended
on momentum and continuity
equations)
HEC-RAS
Cross Sections
WSE Profiles
HECRAS Bridge CS
River
MultipleCrossSections
Bridge
3-D Floodplain
Output Table
Calibration
Used the May 7, 2004 storm
for calibration:
8.41 inches in 34 hours
Modeled between a 2- and 5-yr
storm
Observed high water marks:
Diversions
Channel Modifications/Improvements
Channel Maintenance
Channel Widening and Lining
Pumping
Buyouts
Development Controls
Existing Conditions
100-yr
Existing Conditions
Option A 100-yr
Existing Conditions
Option B 100-yr
Existing Conditions
Option C 100-yr
25
20
Existing
OptionA
OptionB
15
10
5
60
50
40
30
20
10
OptionC
Full Development
Conditions 100-yr
50
40
30
20
10
Existing
OptionA
OptionB
OptionC
Conclusions - Objectives
Creating a flood study within a GIS framework allows for
easy manipulation of the data and models.
Using a lumped parameter hydrological model (HECHMS) in conjunction with a river analysis system (HECRAS) can accurately predict floodplains
The use of a high resolution DEM (LIDAR) provides
accurate floodplain prediction with little calibration.
The models allowed easy flood analysis to determine
feasible mitigation options for the area