HUMAN

EXISTENCE AND
ETHICS
Prepared By: Mr. Joel C. Estacio, RN, RM, MANc

INTRODUCTION
HUMAN EXISTENCE is an
incomprehensible contradiction.

PHILOSOPHY
Ceaseless, intellectual quest for the existential
import of Life

Intellectual search for meaning

Forms:
Logical problems of reasoning
Ethical problems of morality
Epistemological problems of truth
Theological problems of God
Cosmological problems of the universe
Aesthetical problems of art and beauty
Scientific problems of science
Ethics/Moral Philosophy ethical search for
meaning

MORAL PHILOSOPHY

Ethics is likewise known as moral philosophy, as it deals

with morality, moral rectitude or the rightness and
wrongness of human acts.

ETHICS IS A PRACTICAL AND NORMATIVE

SCIENCE

PRACTICAL SCIENCE systematized body of

knowledge that can be used, practiced and applied to
human action
NORMATIVE SCIENCE ethics establishes norms or
standards for the direction and regulation of human
actions

ETHICAL STUDIES ARE BASED ON

REASON
Insofar as all proofs of ethical science
must find their source in the native
power of reason alone.
Investigate facts analyze them
draws from them practical applications
to practical answers.

THINK ABOUT IT!!!

ETHICS does not subscribe to nor will it

rely on, so-called divine revelation for
the final answers or resolutions of
certain moral issues.
ETHICS deals only with Human Acts.

HUMAN ACTS done with knowledge

and full consent of the will

ACTS OF MAN absence of either or

both of the conditions.

THINK ABOUT IT!

Should a person be held morally
responsible for an act performed in
ignorance?

IGNORANCE
Absence of knowledge in an individual
who is supposed to know it.
Vincible Ignorance can be overcome
by exerting some effort
Invincible Ignorance can hardly be
removed even if one were to exert extra
effort to overcome it.

ERRONEOUS CONSCIENCE
Refers to a situation in which ones own
conscience errs or is mistaken.

Sincerity and honesty with ones

reason, ones conscience, and with
ones knowledge about the goodness
and badness of a certain act will
determine the degree of ones
culpability and inculpability,
responsibility and non-responsibility.

BIOETHICS

The division of ethics that relates to

human life or the ethics of the life
sciences and healthcare, both delivery
and research

Health Ethics

The division of ethics that relates to

human health. It is also considered as
ethics for the health professions

Professional Ethics

The division of ethics that relates to

professional behavior

ETHICS and RELIGION

Ethics is a science
and depends upon
rational investigation
of its truths
Teaches the value of
religion presenting it
as a duty to the
almighty

Religion is a system
of beliefs and
practices based on
faith or revelation
An organized
church, contributes
to the teaching of
ethics and continues
to enrich with its
moral insights.

DISPERSE!

WHY IS MAN MORAL?

PHILOSOPHERS REFER TO ETHICS
AS THE ONLY NECESSARY
KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN WHY.
IS ETHICS THE SAME AS RELIGION?
WHY?