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TECHNOLOGY
ELEMENTS OF ELECTRICAL DESIGN
DESIGN
OF RESISTANCE GRADING
GROUP 09
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It should be carefully noted that I 1 and I 2 [(Imax ) and (Imin)] are respectively the maximum and
minimum currents of the motor.
When arm A touches stud No. 2, then due to diminution of circuit resistance,
the current again jumps up to its previous value I 1 .
Since speed had no time to change, the back e.m.f. remains the same as initially.
I 1 = 1 2 V Eb R ...(ii) From (i) and (ii), we get 1 2 I I = 1 2 R R ...
(iii) When arm A is held on stud No. 2 for some time, then speed and hence the back e.m.f. increases
to a value Eb2 ,
thereby decreasing the current to previous value I 2 , so that I 2 = 3 2 b V E R ...(iv)
Example: A 10 b.h.p. (7.46 kW) 200-V shunt motor has full-load efficiency of 85%. The
armature has a resistance of 0.25 . Calculate the value of the starting resistance
necessary to limit the starting current to 1.5 times the full-load current at the moment
of first switching on. The shunt current may be neglected. Find also the back e.m.f. of
the motor, when the current has fallen to its full-load value, assuming that the whole
of the starting resistance is still in circuit.
Ra = 0.081
(a) Show that, in general, individual resistances between the studs for
a rheostat starter for a series d.c. motor with constant ratio of
maximum to minimum current at starting, are in geometrical
progression, stating any assumptions made.
(b) Assuming that for a certain d.c. series motor the flux per pole is
proportional to the starting current, calculate the resistance of the
each rheostat section in the case of a 50 b.h.p. (37.3 kW) 440-V motor
with six sections. The total armature and field voltage drop at full-load
is 2% of the applied voltage, the full-load efficiency is 95% and the
maximum starting current is 130% of full-load current.
(b) Full-load input current = 37,300 89.2 A 440 0.95 = Max. starting current
I1 = 1.3 89.2 = 116 A Arm. and field voltage drop on full-load = 2% of 440 =
0.02 440 = 8.8 V Resistance of motor = 8.8/89.2 = 0.0896 Total circuit
resistance on starting, R1 = V/I 1 = 440/116 = 3.79