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Holistic Diagnosis

Dhanasari Vidiawati
Indah S. Widyahening
Nuri Purwito Adi

Diagnosis
Holistik

Patient preferences;
Reasons for
encounter, concern,
hope, perception,
socio-cultural
background

Clinical Decision
Making1
Medical Evidence;

Clinically relevant research,


often from the basic sciences
of medicine, but especially
from patient centered clinical
research .

Health care constraints;


Doctor as manager of
resources; in accordance
with the health system,
facilities, local rules and
regulation.
1 Garrison GM, Dupras DM,Merry SP,
Smith A. Clinical Decision Making. In:
Rakel RE, editor. Textbook of Family
Medicine. 7th ed. USA: Saunders

2. Nirwani N. Diagnosis Holistik.


2nd ed. Jakarta: Departemen
Kedokteran Komunitas FKUI; 2010

Holistic Diagnosis Components


(aspects)

Nitra N Rifki, Diagnosis Holistik,FKUI, 2006

Why patient preference is


important?

Satisfaction

Care

Lead to exact diagnosis

Proper treatment

How can I justify patient preference?

Record data on :

Chief complaint(s)

Hopes

Concerns

Empathy

Sensitive to patient background (socio-cultural)

What do patient hope when


seeing a doctor?

(brain storming)

Different in perception!

Perception of health

Sources of differences in the perception (on


health):
Socio-cultural

Education

Concern and expectation


of patients doctor

Aspect 1
taking in to account patients
psychological and sociological aspects

Working diagnosis and differential


diagnosis; why are they important in
primary care?

(brain storming)

Patient
preference
Diagnosis

Diagnosis
Holistik

Internal/intrinsic Factors

How to collect data intrinsic


factors?

History of illness :

Commitment in taking previous medication

Control of the symptoms/disease

Preventive action : MCU

Value of sickness

Socioeconomics

Sociocultural

History of familial disease

Observe patient gesture

Psychosocial factors and GI


problems

External/extrinsic factors

How to justify external factors?

Family aspect : use family folders, identify :

Structure, function, role

Community aspect :

Nearest health facilities

Dependency with health facilities

Community services

Community value & tradition

Functional scale
1 : no functional change
2 : functional decrease on daily activities
3 : unable to do self-grooming without help
4 : bedridden; unable to do anything without
help
5 : Decreased consciousness

Kasus
Laki-laki 54 tahun datang dengan keluhan sebelah anggota badannya
tidak bisa digerakkan, termasuk tangan dan kaki. Pasien mengatakan
hal ini terjadi tiba-tiba saat pasien sedang duduk. Selama ini pasien
menderita tekanan darah tinggi, kontrol teratur ke Puskesmas
dengan pengobatan Captopril 2x25 mg, dengan TD 140/80 mmHg.
Satu hari sebelum kejadian, pasien mengkonsumsi sate kambing
kiriman aqiqoh dari tetangganya. Pasien sudah berhenti dari
kebiasaan merokoknya sejak 6 tahun lalu. Pasien biasanya selalu
menjaga makannya, menurut pasien, pasien mengkonsumsi kambing
karena sayang makanan tersebut dibiarkan tidak ada yang makan di
rumahnya.
Pasien adalah kepala keluarga dengan 5 orang anak bekerja sebagai
penjaga komplek perumahan. Anak pertama sudah berkeluarga dan
memiliki 2 anak. Anak pertama dan kedua sudah mandiri dan tidak
tinggal dengan pasien. Pasien tinggal di kawasan padat penduduk
dengan ukuran rumah 2x5 m2. Pasien ingin dapat kembali bekerja
dan beraktifitas lagi seperti biasanya.

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