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PREPARATION OF TEST
SURFACE
A test area shall be at least 6 in diameter
Heavily textured, soft, or surfaces with loose mortar shall be
ground smooth with the abrasive stone
Smooth formed or toweled surface shall be tested without
grinding
Concretes over 6 months old may require grinding to a depth of
2in if they are to be compared to younger concretes
Grinding to this depth is not feasible without power equipment
PROCEDURE
Firmly hold the instrument in a position that allows the plunger
to strike perpendicularly to the surface tested
Gradually increase the pressure on the plunger until the hammer
impacts
After impact, record the rebound number to two significant
figures
Take ten readings from each test area
No two impact tests shall be closer together than 1 in
Discard readings differing from the average of 10 readings by
more than 5 units and determine the average of the remaining
readings
If more than 2 readings differ from the average by 7 units,
discard the entire set of readings
General Arrangement
Ultrasonic pulses are generated by electronic circuit and piezoelectric crystal which vibrate and transmit at their natural frequency.
The transducer is in contact with concrete so that vibration travel
through it and are picked up by another transducer in contact with
concrete at the other end of the specimen. The time of travel is
displayed on an LED or LCD display which is integral part of the
unit.
Classification. Concrete can be classified on the basis of pulse
velocity as follows.
Quality of concrete
> 15
Excellent
12 _ 15
Good
10 _ 12
Doubtful
7 _ 10
Poor
< 7.0
Very Poor
PUNDIT
The fundamental design features of all commercially available test
sets are the same. One of such unit is known as PUNDIT (Portable
Ultrasonic Non destructive Digital Indicating Tester). It weighs
about 7 lbs and is 7 x 4 x 6 size. It is battery operated and
can be used in the field for testing of concrete up to a thickness of
75 ft.
The apparatus generates a pulse of vibration at an ultrasonic
frequency which are transmitted by electro acoustic transducer
held in contact with the concrete surface under test. After passing
through the concrete, the vibrations are received and converted
into an electric signal by a second electro acoustic transducer. The
time taken by the pulse to travel through the concrete is measured
by an electrical timing unit with an accuracy of 0.1 microsecond
and knowing the length of path traveled through the concrete, the
pulse velocity can be calculated.
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