STRUCTURAL DESIGN

Multiple Choice Questions

July 1, 95/June 29, 96/Jan 27, 97/Jan 24 98

1. It is a special plate girder

consisting of tees, plates,
angles and multiple web:
a) box girder
b) hybrid girder
c) T-flange girder
d) bridging

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

or box beam; a hollow beam,

usually rectangular in section;
if fabricated of steel, the sides
are steel plates welded
together, or they may be
riveted together by steel
angles at the corners
Steel beam composed of
flanges with greater yield
strength than that of the web
Composed of tees, plates,
angles, and multiple web
a brace, or a system of braces,
placed between joists (or the
like) to stiffen them, to hold
them in place and to help
distribute the load

July 1, 1995

2.

This element at any transverse

cross-section of a straight
beam is the algebraic sum of
the components acting
transverse to the axis of the
beam of all loads and reactions
applied to the portion of the
beam on either side of the
cross-section:
a) axial force
b) shear force
c) lateral force
d) parallel force

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

3. When the ratio of the short span

to the long span of a slab is
less then 0.50, slab is a:
a) one-way slab
b) slab on fill
c) two-way slab
d) cantilever slab

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

4.

The analysis of the stress,

strain and deflection
characteristics of structural
behavior is referred to as:
a) plastic analysis
b) seismic analysis
c) structural analysis
d) stress analysis

Determination of load effects

on members and connections
based on the assumption of
rigid-plastic behavior
Determination of seismic effect
on the the structure
Determination of internal forces
using equilibrium, Hookes Law,
and compatibility
Force per unit area

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

5. This element at any transverse

cross section of a straight
beam is the algebraic sum of
the moments taken about an
axis passing through the center
of the cross section, of all the
loads and reactions applied to
the portion of the beam on
either side of the cross section:
a) external moment
b) bending moment
c) reaction
d) resisting moment
STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

6.

Longitudinal beams which rest

on top chord, and preferably at
the joints of the truss:
a) purlins
b) jack rafter
c) rafters
d) girders

a piece of timber laid

horizontally on the principal
rafters of a roof to support the
common rafters on which the
roof covering is laid
any rafter that is shorter than
the usual length of the rafters
used in the same building; esp.
occurs in hip roofs
one of a series of inclined
structural members from the
ridge of the roof down to the
eaves, providing support for
the covering of a roof
a large or principal beam of
steel, reinforced concrete or
timber; used to support
concentrated loads at isolated
points along its length

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

7. The minimum wall thickness of

Fireplace Chimneys with flue
lining as per National Building
Code:
a) 0.25

b) 0.15

c) 0.10

d) 0.20

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

in meters;
PD No. 1096 (NBC)
Sec. 1211.
Chimneys, Fireplaces and
Barbeques
(a) Chimneys
(b) Fireplaces and Barbeques
(1) Fireplace Walls
(2) Hoods
(3) Circulators
(4) Smoke Chamber
(5) Fireplace Chimneys. Walls
of chimneys without flue
lining shall not be less than
200 millimeters in thickness.
Walls of chimneys with flue
lining shall not be less than
100 millimeters in thickness
and shall be constructed in
accordance with the
requirements of this Code.
July 1, 1995

8.

The maximum deflection for a

simply supported beam with
concentrated loads at midspan
is equal to:
a) PL3
84 EI

Not defined
P

b) PL3

PL3
48EI

48EI
Not defined

c) PL3
4EI

d) PL3

3EI

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

PL3
3EI

9.

For triangular section with base

b and height h, section
modulus, S, is equal to:
a) bh2
8
c) bh2
12

Ct = 2h/3

b) bh2
6
Cb = h/3

d) bh2
24

b
I = bh3/36
S = I/Ct

= (bh3/36)/(2h/3)

S = bh2/24

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

10. It is the general term applied

for all forces which act upon a
structure and anything else
which causes stresses or
deformation within a structure,
or part thereof:
a) loads
b) none of the listed
c) reactions
d) unit weights

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

11. These members are inclined

joists used to support sloping
roofs:
a) plates
b) purlins
c) rafters
d) planks

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

in wood frame construction,

horizontal boards or timbers
connecting and terminating
posts, joists, rafters, etc.
a piece of timber laid
horizontally on the principal
rafters of a roof to support the
common rafters on which the
roof covering is laid
one of a series of inclined
structural members from the
ridge of the roof down to the
eaves, providing support for
the covering of a roof
long, wide, square-sawn thick
piece of timber; specificatins
vary but often the minimum
width is 8 (20 cm) and
thickness of 2 4 (5 to 10
cm) for softwood and 1 (2.5
cm) for hardwood
July 1, 1995

12. For other bar in tension,

allowable bond stress in MPa
is:
a) 3.23f'c
D

b) 10.14f'c
D

Not defined
For bar in tension
Not defined
For bar in compression

c) 7.17f'c
D

d) 7.18f'c
D

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

13. The minimum thickness of the

Front and Side Walls of a
Smoke Chamber of a Fireplace
as per National Building Code:
a) 0.10

b) 0.25

c) 0.15

d) 0.20

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

in meters;
PD No. 1096 (NBC)
Sec. 1211.
Chimneys, Fireplaces and
Barbeques
(a) Chimneys
(b) Fireplaces and Barbeques
(1) Fireplace Walls
(2) Hoods
(3) Circulators
(4) Smoke Chamber. Front and
side walls shall not be less
than 200 millimeters in
thickness. Smoke chamber
back walls shall not be less
than 150 millimeters in
thickness.

July 1, 1995

14. This system consists of several

forces, the lines of action of
which are parallel:
a) parallel coplanar force
system
b) concurrent force coplanar
force system

y
x
y
x
y

c) non-coplanar force system

d) general coplanar force
system

x
z
y
x

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

15. In bond stress, as the yield

strength of reinforcement fy is
increased, the allowable tensile
stress of the reinforcement, fs,
requiring the development of
higher bond stress or the need
for greater embedment lengths
will:
a) fail

b) decrease

c) equal

d) increase

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

P = Afy

July 1, 1995

16. A three dimensional structural

system without the bearing
walls, composed of
interconnected members
laterally supported so as to
function as a complete selfcontained unit with or without
the aids of horizontal
diaphragms or floor-bracing
system:
a) box system
b) space frame
c) freeform

Not defined
Three dimensional structural
system without bearing walls
composed of members ..
Not defined
The frame of a building in which
the resistance to lateral forces
or to frame instability is provided
by diagonal bracing, K-bracing
or other type of bracing

d) braced frame
STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

17. The minimum thickness of

reinforced concrete wall for
Masonry Chimneys for
residential Type Appliances as
per National Building Code:
a) 0.20

b) 0.10

c) 0.15

d) 0.30

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

in meters;
PD No. 1096 (NBC)
Sec. 1211.
Chimneys, Fireplaces and
Barbeques
(a) Chimneys
(1) Structural Design
(2) Walls
(2.1) Masonry Chimneys for
Residential Type Appliances.
Masonry chimneys shall be
constructed of masonry units
or reinforced concrete with
walls not less than 100
millimeters thick; or of
rubbles stone masonry not
less than 300 millimeters
thick. The chimney liner shall
be in accordance with this
Code.

July 1, 1995

18. Concrete slab should have a

minimum clearance of:
a) 20 mm

b) 40 mm

c) 15 mm

d) 30 mm

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

20mm

July 1, 1995

19. It is designed to resist lateral

forces parallel to the plane of
the wall:
a) bearing wall
b) curtain wall
c) grade wall
d) shear wall

a wall capable of supporting

an imposed load; also called a
structural wall or loadbearing
wall
in a tall building of steel-frame
construction, an exterior wall
that is non-loadbearing, having
no structural function
not defined
a wall which in its own plane
carries shear, resulting from
forces such as wind, blast or
earthquake

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

20. The section at which the

moment changes from positive
to negative is called:
a) neutral axis

w
L

b) inflection point
c) section of zero shear
d) maximum moment

Point of zero shear

Point of
inflection

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

21. In column, the ratio of its

effective length to its least radius
of gyration is called:
a) Moment of Inertia
b) Development length
c) Slenderness ratio
d) Ratio and proportion

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

22. A joint where two successive

placement of concrete meet is
called:
a) Truss joint
b) Contraction joint
c) Construction joint
d) Expansion joint

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

not defined
an expansion joint; a joint
between adjacent parts of a
structure which permits
movement between them
resulting from contraction
a joint where two successive
placements of concrete meet
a joint or gap between adjacent
parts of a building, structure or
concrete work which permits
their relative movement due to
temperature changes (or other
conditions) without rupture or
damage

July 1, 1995

23. A quantity which measures the

resistance of the mass to being
revolved about a line is called:
a) Tension
b) Torsion
c) Variation
d) Deflection

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

the state or condition of being

pulled or stretched
the twisting of a structural
member about its longitudinal
axis by two equal and opposite
torques, one at one end and
the other at the opposite end
any displacement in a body from
its static position, or from an
established direction or plane,
as a result of forces acting on
the body

July 1, 1995

24. A wall which supports vertical

loads in addition to its weight
without the benefit of a
complete vertical load carrying
space frame is called:
a) Retaining wall
b) Curtain wall
c) Shearing wall
d) Bearing wall

a wall, either freestanding or

laterally braced, that bears
against an earth or other fill
surface and resists lateral and
other forces from the material
in contact with the side of the
wall, thereby preventing the
mass from sliding to a lower
elevation
in a tall building of steel-frame
construction, an exterior wall
that is non-loadbearing, having
no structural function
a wall which in its own plane
carries shear, resulting from
forces such as wind, blast or
earthquake
a wall capable of supporting an
imposed load; also called a
structural wall or loadbearing
wall

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

25. A type of concrete floor which

has no beam is called:
a) Flat slab
b) 2-way slab
c) one-way slab
d) Ribbed floor

a concrete slab which is

reinforced in two or more
directions, usually without
beams or girders to transfer
the loads to supporting
members
a concrete floor slab in which
the main reinforcement runs in
two directions
a rectangular reinforced
concrete slab which spans a
distance very much greater in
one direction than the other;
under these conditions, most of
the load is carried on the shorter
span
a floor of ribbed slab or panel;
a reinforced concrete panel
composed of a thin slab
reinforced by a system of ribs

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

26. Any material changes in shape

when subjected to the action of
a force is called:
a) Reflection
b) Deflection
c) Deformation
d) Acceleration

the change of direction which

a ray of light, sound or radiant
heat undergoes when it strikes
a surface
any displacement in a body
from its static position, or from
an established direction or
plane, as a result of forces
acting on the body
any change of form, shape or
dimensions produced in a body
by a stress or force, without
breach of the continuity of its
parts
the rate of change of the
velocity of a moving body

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

27. The maximum value of tension,

compression, or shear
respectively when the material
sustain without failure is called:
a) Bond stress
b) Yielding stress
c) Ultimate stress
d) Working stress

the force of adhesion per unit

area of contact between two
bonded surfaces, such as
between concrete and a steel
reinforcing bar
or yield point; the lowest
stress in a material (less than
the maximum attainable
stress) at which the material
begins to exhibit plastic
properties; beyond this point
an increase in strain occurs
without an increase in stress
not defined
or allowable stress; in the
design of structures, the
maximum unit stress permitted
under working loads by codes
and specifications

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

Hookes law

28. The greatest stress to which a

material is capable of
developing without a
permanent deformation
remaining upon the complete
release of stress is called:
a) Allowable stress
b) Moment of Inertia
c) Bending Stress
d) Proportional limit

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

a law stating that the

deformation of an elastic
body is proportional to the
force applied, provided the
stress does not exceed the
elastic limit of the material
in the design of structures, the
maximum unit stress
permitted under working loads
by codes and specifications
of a body around an axis, the
sum of the products obtained
by multiplying each element of
mass by the square of its
distance from the axis
the greatest stress which a
material is capable of
sustaining without any
deviation from Hookes law

July 1, 1995

29. The measure of the stiffness of

a material is called:
a) Effective length
b) Proportional limit
c) Stiffness ratio
d) Ratio and proportion

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

30. The failure in a base when a

heavily loaded column strikes a
hole through it is called:
a) Flexural stress
b) Punching moment
c) Punching shear
d) Single shear

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

31. The deformation of a structural

member as a result of loads
acting on it is called:
a) Strength
b) Strain
c) Stress
d) Deflection

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

32. The major horizontal

supporting member of the floor
system is called:
a) Rafter
b) Girder
c) Purlin
d) Girt

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

33. Walls that support weight from

above as well as their own dead
weight.
a) Load-bearing walls
b) Dead load
c) Shoring walls

a wall capable of supporting an

imposed load in addition to its
own weight
the weight of a structure itself,
including the weight of fixtures
or equipment permanently
attached to it

d) None of these
shore a piece of timber to
support a wall, usually set
in a diagonal or oblique
position, to hold the wall in
place temporarily
shoring a number of
shores acting collectively

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

34. It refers to the occupancy load

which is either partially or fully in
place or may not be present at
all is called:
a) Live load
b) Dead load
c) Concentrated load
d) Distributed load

the moving or movable external

load on a structure; includes the
weight of furnishings of a
building, of the people, of
equipment, etc. but does not
include wind load
the weight of a structure itself,
including the weight of fixtures
or equipment permanently
attached to it
a load acting on a very small
area of a structure
a load which acts evenly over a
structural member or over a
surface that supports the load

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

35. The distance between inflection

point in the column when it
breaks is called:
a) Development length
b) Cross-sectional area
c) Effective length
d) Equivalent distance

(1) the minimum length of

straight reinforcing bar or
reinforcing rod which is
required to anchor it in
concrete
(2) the length of embedded
reinforcement required to
develop the design strength at
a critical section
area of the section of any solid
object
of a column, the distance
between inflection points in the
column when it bends
not defined

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

36. The amount of space measured

in cubic units:
a) None of these
b) Perimeter

1-D: sum length of all sides of an

enclosed shape

c) Volume

3-D: width x length x breadth

d) Area

2-D: width x length

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

37. In formula e = PL/AE, E stands

for:
a) Total deformation,
b) Elongation
c) Equal forces
d) Modulus of elasticity

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

a form of strain; a change in the

form or shape of a body or
material which is subjected to
an external force
in an elastic material which has
been subject to strain below its
elastic limit, the ratio of the unit
stress to the corresponding
unit strain

July 1, 1995

38. A bended rod to resist shear and

diagonal stresses in a concrete
beam is called:
a) Bottom bar
b) Stirrups
c) Metal plate
d) temperature bar
or temperature steel; steel
reinforcement which is placed in
a concrete slab, or the like, to
minimize the possibility of
developing cracks as a result of
temperature changes

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

39. Ratio of unit stress to unit strain:

a) Ratio and proportion
b) Moment of Inertia
c) Modulus of elasticity
d) Slenderness ratio

of a body around an axis, the

sum of the products obtained by
multiplying each element of
mass by the square of its
distance from the axis
in an elastic material which has
been subject to strain below its
elastic limit, the ratio of the unit
stress to the corresponding
unit strain
of a column, the ratio of its
effective length to its least
radius of gyration

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

40. An expansion joints adjacent

parts of a structure to permit
expected movements between
them is called:
a) Contraction joint
b) Truss joint
c) Construction joint
d) Conduction joint

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

an expansion joint; a joint

between adjacent parts of a
structure which permits
movement between them
resulting from contraction
a joint where two successive
placements of concrete meet; a
separation provided in a
building which allows its
component parts to move with
respect to each other

July 1, 1995

41. To find the volume of water in a

cylinder tank, multiply the area
of its base by its:
a) Diameter
b) Radius
c) Height
d) None of these

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

42. The most important component

to determine the strength of
concrete mix is:
a) Cement
b) Sand
c) Gravel
d) Lime

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

43. The ultimate strength of the

material divided by the
allowable working load.
a) Maximum strength
b) Strength limit
c) Safety factor
d) None of these

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

or factor of safety; the ratio of

the ultimate breaking strength of
a member or piece of material or
equipment to the actual working
stress or safe load when in use

July 1, 1995

44. The stress per unit area of the

original cross section of a
material which resist its
elongation is:
a) Allowable stress
b) Tensile stress
c) Flexural stress
d) Bending stress

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

in the design of structures, the

maximum unit stress permitted
under working loads by codes
and specifications
the stress per square unit area
of the original cross section of
a material which resists its
elongation
the stress that can cause the
bending of a member, as under
a load

July 1, 1995

45. A beam that projects beyond

one or both its supports is
called:
a) Overhanging beam

no definition

c) Intermediate beam

a beam which extends over three

or more supports, joined
together so that, for a given load
on one span, the effect on the
other spans can be calculated

d) Cantilevered beam

no definition

b) Continuous beam

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

46. The force adhesion per unit

area of contact between two
bonded surface is:
a) Axial stress
b) Bond stress
c) Allowable stress
d) Flexural Stress

axial load, axial force; the

resultant longitudinal internal
component of force which acts
perpendicular to the cross
section of a structural member
and at its centroid, producing
uniform stress
in the design of structures, the
maximum unit stress permitted
under working loads by codes
and specifications
the stress that can cause the
bending of a member, as under
a load

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

47. Using the data given below,

determine the ultimate moment
capacity of the given beam as a
single reinforced element. (see
Figure D)
Given:
fc1 = 21 MPa
fy = 275 MPa
clear concrete cover = 40 mm
a) 94.96 kn-m
b) 96.94 kn-m
c) 69.49 kn-m
d) 96.64 kn-m
STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

Figure D

48. Determine the member force in

bar x of the given pin jointed. It is
supported by a hinge at A; a
roller at B, (see Figure B)
a) x = 0
b) x = 300 kgs.
c) x = 150 kgs
d) x = 6-- kgs

Figure B

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

49. Complete the shear diagram

shown, (see Figures E and F)
a) Vx = 50 KN
b) Vx = 40 KN
c) Vx = 70 KN

Figure E

d) Vx = 60 KN

Figure F

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

50. How is camber treated in steel truss

25 meters longer?
a) Camber shall be approximately
equal to 1 % of the span
b) Camber shall be approximately
equal to the dead load deflection
c) Camber shall be approximately
equal to 0.8 % of the span plus 1/3 of
the dead load deflection
d) Camber shall be approximately
equal to 0.5 % of the span plus
the live load deflection

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

of

July 1, 1995

51. What is a design analysis

requirement, considered as a basis
for the structural design of buildings
and structures, where the total lateral
forces are distributed to the various
vertical elements of the lateral forceresisting system in proportion to their
rigidities considering the rigidity of the
horizontal bracing system or
diaphragm?
a) Shear and moment diagram
b) Distribution of Horizontal Shear
c) Stability against overturning
d) Horizontal torsional moments

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

52. Which of the following criterion precludes

good construction practice for conduits and
pipes embedded in concrete?
a) Conduits and pipes embedded in slab,
wall or beam shall not be larger in outside
dimension than 1/3 the overall thickness of
slab, wall or beam in which they are
embedded
b) Reinforcement with an area not less than
0.002 times area of cross-section shall be
provided normal to piping
c) Conduit and pipes, with their fittings,
embedded within a column shall not
displace more than 5 % of the area of crosssection on which strength is calculated
d) Concrete cover for pipes, conduits, and
fitting shall not be less than 40 mm for
concrete exposed to earth or weather

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

53. A 1000 mm x 25 mm nominal diameter deformed

steel bar is subjected to test. The following results
were obtained: actual length is 999 mm; actual
diameter 23.5 mm; actual weight is 3.90 kg.
Yield force = 22,099.14 kg.; Yield stress = 45.02
kg/sq. mm.; ultimate force = 31,425.74 kg/sq.
mm.; ultimate stress = 64.02 kg/sq. mm.; actual
strain = 12 %. Judge the quality of the steel bar
as per PS standard 681 -04.02:1975.
a) Nominal diameter of steel bar, 23.5 mm, is less
than the required diameter of 25 mm, thus of
poor quality
b) The steel bar is an intermediate steel bar.
c) Steel bar result is less than the minimum
standard of PS grade 410 thus maybe
categorized only as PS grade 275.
d) Steel bar is PS grade 410 and passes the
minimum standard for PS grade 410 thus of
good quality

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

54. A brochure of steel bar manufacturer claims the

following specs: Yield strength = 275 MPa; tensile
strength = 480 MPa. A sample of a 32 mm x
1000mm long steel bar was cut for sampling with
the following test results: yield stress = 28.54
kg/sq. mm. Ultimate stress = 50.55 kg/sq. mm.
Judge the actual test result against what is
claimed in the brochure and if test results meet
minimum PS standards.
a) The test result surpasses the claims on
the brochure and surpasses PS standards
b) Test results is below the claims in the
brochure but surpasses PS standards
c) The test results are equal to the claim on the
brochure
d) Test results is below the claims on the
brochure and below PS standards

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

55. Which is NOT among the following

arrangement, a seismic requirement
for transverse reinforcement?
a) Maximum spacing of hoops shall
not exceed 24 times the diameter of
the hoop bars
b) Maximum spacing of hoops shall
not be eight times the diameter of
the smallest longitudinal bars
c) Maximum spacing of hoops shall
not be more than d/4
d) The first hoop shall be located not
more than 75 mm from the face of
the supporting member

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

56. How is a 90 degree bend standard

look for concrete reinforcement
constructed?
a) 90 degree bend plus 10 db
extension, at free end of the bar
b) 90 degree bend plus 12 db
extension, at free end of the bar
c) 90 degree bend plus 6 db
extension, at free end of the bar
d) 90 degree bend plus 4 db
extension, at free end of the bar

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

57.

Good high-strength-bolted connection for steel

should have the following physical characteristics
for good workmanship. Which in the following is
NOT ideal?
a) High-strength-bolted parts shall fit solidly
together when assembled and shall not be
separated by gaskets or any other interposed
compressive material
b) Bolts tightened by means of calibrated wrench
shall be installed with hardened washer under
the nut or bolt head, whichever is the element
turned in tightening
c) When assembled, all joints surfaces, including
those adjacent to the washer, shall be free of
scale, except tight mill scale, dirt and burns.
d) Surface in contact with the bolt head and nut
shall have a slope of not more than 1: 10 with
respect to a plane normal to the bolt axis

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

59. Two M.S. plates are to be

welded by end butt joint by a
partial-penetration groove weld.
The thicknesses of the plates
are 16 mm. what is the
minimum effective throat
thickness of the weld?
a) 6.0 mm

b) 9.0 mm

c) 7.5 mm

d) 12.0 mm

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

60. What is the minimum inside

diameter of a standard hook for
stirrups and ties for a 16 mm
and smaller in diameter?
a) 8 db

b) 6 db

c) 4 db

d) 10 db

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

61. What are piles at an inclination

to resist forces that are not
critical?
a) Guide piles
b) Batter piles
c) Slope piles
d) Fender piles

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

heavy, square timbers which

are driven vertically downward
to guide steel sheet-piling
or brace piles, spur piles; piles
driven at an inclination to the
vertical to provide resistance to
horizontal forces

July 1, 1995

62. Which of the following criteria for

bundled bars, do NOT apply?
a) Bars larger than 32 mm shall not
be bundled in beams
b) Bundle bars shall be enclosed
within stirrups or ties
c) Group of parallel reinforcing bars
bundled in contact to act as a unit
shall be limited to four in any one
bundle
d) Individual bars within a bundle
terminated within the span of
flexural members shall terminate
at different points with at least 40
db staggered

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

63. What is a method of analyzing

intermediate modular building
frames by assuming hinges at
the center of beam spans and
column height?
a) Cantilever method
b) Moment distribution method
c) Free body diagram method
d) Portal method

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

64.

As a seismic requirement for flexural members

where hoops are required, how are the
remaining portions of a beam treated with
transverse reinforcement as minimum
requirement other than those required with
hoops?
a) Where hoops are not required, stirrups
shall be spaced at no more than d/2
throughout the length of the member
b) Where hoops are not required, crossties
shall be spaced at no more than d/3
throughout the length of the member
c) Where hoops are not required, hoops shall
continue except that spacing shall not be
more than d/2
d) Where hoops are not required, closed
stirrups shall be spaced at no more than
d/4 throughout the length of the member

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

65. What is the minimum requirement for

development of at least 1/3 of the
total reinforcement provided for
negative moment reinforcement as an
embedment length beyond the point
of infection?
a) Not less than the effective depth of
member of 12 db, or 1/16th the
clear span, whichever is greater
b) L/3 + d or 24 db, or 1/12th the
clear
span, whichever is greater
c) Not less than 1.5 d or 14 db, or
1/12th the clear span, whichever is
greater
d) L/4 + 2d or 12 db, 1/12th the clear
span, whichever is greater

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

66. What is a round, steel bolt

embedded in concrete or
masonry used to hold down
machinery, steel columns or
beams, casting, shoes, beam
plates and engine heads?
a) Retaining bolts

not defined

c) Anchor bolts

or anchor bolt, hold-down bolt;

a steel bolt usually fixed in a
building structure with its
threaded portion projecting;
used to secure frameworks

d) Friction bolts

not defined

b) Foundation bolts

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

67. Aggregates should conform to PNS or ASTM standards

and must be well graded, easy workability and method
of consolidated are such that the concrete can be
poured without honeycomb or voids. What is the
nominal maximum size of a course aggregate when
working spaces between reinforcements for proper
bonding?
a) Course aggregates shall be no larger than the
minimum clear spacing between individual
reinforcing bars or wires, bundles of bars, or
prestressing tendons or ducts
b) Course aggregates shall be no larger than 5/8 the
minimum clear spacing between individual
reinforcing
bars or wires, bundles of bars, or
prestressing
tendons or ducts
c) Course aggregates shall be no larger than 7/8 the
minimum clear spacing between individual
reinforcing
bars or wires, bundles of bars, or
prestressing
tendons or ducts
d) Course aggregates shall be no larger than 3/4 the
minimum clear spacing between individual
reinforcing
bars or wires, bundles of bars, or
prestressing
tendons or ducts

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

68. What is the minimum concrete

cover for primary reinforcement
of beams and columns not
exposed to earth or weather for
precast manufactured under
plant control conditions?
a) db but not less than 25 mm
b) db but not less than 15 mm
and need not exceed 40 mm
c) db but not less than 20 mm
and need not exceed 50 mm
d) db but not less than 30 mm

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

69. What is a steel element such

as wire, cable, bar, rod or
strand, or a bundle of such
elements, used to impart
prestress to concrete?
a) Prestress cables
b) Reinforcements
c) Tenon cables
d) Tendon

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

70. Determine the right vertical

reaction in figure ST 01.175.
a) 1500 kN

b) 750 kN

c) 3000 kN

d) 0 kN

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

71. A simple beam has a span of 5

m with two concentrated loads
of 18 kN each placed at the
third points of the span. If the
extreme fiber stress is 9 MPa,
determine the required section
modulus.
a) 2222222.22 mm3
b) 6666666.66 mm3
c) 3333333.33 mm3
d) 1111111.11 mm3

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

72. In ST 01.203, the depth of

footing from beam shear is
nearest to:
a) 850 mm
b) 650 mm
c) 950 mm
d) 750 mm

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995

73. In ST 01.203, the following

length L is computed to be
nearest to:
a) 7.00 m
b) 6.40 m
c) 6.70 m
d) 7.30 m

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

July 1, 1995