Pengantar

Teknologi Informasi
Komunikasi Data dan
Jaringan Komputer

Sistem Komunikasi Data

Melibatkan

minimal 2 simpul

Simpul bisa berupa komputer maupun peralatan

lain
Simpul berperan sebagai pengirim dan/atau
penerima data

Dihubungkan

oleh media transmisi

Data yg ditransmisikan berupa isyarat listrik

Gangguan Komunikasi Data

Data

yg sampai kepada penerima bisa tidak

sama dg yg disampaikan pengirim
Penyebab Utama

Atenuasi

Distorsi Tunda

Pelemahan sinyal akibat jarak

Pengaruh pada waktu penerimaan

Derau

Penambahan data yg tidak perlu pada saat transmisi

data

Arah Transmisi
Menyatakan

arah isyarat dalam media

transmisi

Simplex / One way

Half-Duplex

Tidak dapat bertindak sebagai pengirim dan penerima

sekaligus
Mengirim dan menerima data bergantian

Full-Duplex

Mengirim dan menerima data berbarengan

Media Transmisi
Penghubung

antara pengirim dan penerima

u/ melewatkan data

Media kabel
Media nirkabel

Media

Twisted Pair Cable

Kabel

UTP
STP

Coaxial
Fiber Optic

Jaringan Komputer
Hubungan

dua atau lebih komputer yang

bertujuan u/ melakukan pertukaran data
Memungkinkan berbagi sumberdaya
Jenis jaringan menurut rentang geo

LAN

MAN

Mencakup area yg terbatas (<1 Km)

Mencakup area dg rentang satu kota (10-45 Km)

WAN

Menghubungkan antar kota atau lebih luas lagi.

Topologi Jaringan
Susunan

komputer secara fisik dalam suatu

jaringan

Bus
Ring
Star
Extended Star
Hierarchial
Mesh

Bus Topology

All of its nodes connected directly to

one link

No other connections between nodes

Each host is wired to a common wire.

One advantage of this topology is that

all hosts are connected to each other,
and thus, can communicate directly.
One disadvantage of this topology is
that a break in the cable disconnects
hosts from each other.
Enables all networking devices to see
all signals from all other devices

Traffic problems and collisions are

common.

Ring Topology

Single closed ring consisting of

nodes and links.

Each node connected to only two

adjacent nodes.
All devices wired directly to each other.

In order for information to flow, each

station must pass the information to
its adjacent station.

Star Topology

Has a central node with all links to other

nodes radiating from it and allows no other
links.
Its primary advantage is that it allows all
other nodes to communicate with each
other, conveniently.
Its primary disadvantage is that if the
central node fails, the whole network
becomes disconnected..
The flow of all information would go
through one device.

Extended Star Topology

Repeats a star topology, except that each

node that links to the center node is, also,
the center of another star.
The advantage of this is that it keeps wiring
runs shorter, and limits the number of
devices that need to interconnect to any
one central node.
An extended star topology is very
hierarchical, and information is encouraged
to stay local

Hierarchical Topology

Similar to the extended star

topology

uses a trunk node from which it, then,

branches to other nodes.

The trunk is a wire that has

several layers of branches.
The flow of information is
hierarchical.

Mesh Topology

Every node is linked directly to every other

node.
The advantages are that

Should any link fail to function, information can

flow through any number of other links to reach
its destination.
Allows information to flow along many paths on
its way through the network.

The primary physical disadvantage is the

amount of media for the links, and the amount
of connections to the links becomes
overwhelming.
Depends greatly on the devices used.

Perangkat
Interkoneksi Antarjaringan
Interkoneksi

Antarjaringan

Hubungan antara dua buah jaringan atau lebih.

Perangkatnya

Repeater / Hub
Bridge / Switch
Router