Liposomal drug delivery system

Course Instructor
Dr. Sohel Rana
Professor,
Department of Pharmacy,
Jahangirnagar University.
Submitted by:
Hafiza Rafia Nusrat Bhuiyan
(On behalf of Sec-A girls group)
MS Pharm Tech, 27th batch,
Department of Pharmacy, UAP.

Outline
Introduction
Definition
Mechanism of Action
Method of Preparation
Factors
Advantages
Disadvantages
Applications
Significance of Liposomal Drug Delivery System
Marketed Liposome Drugs
Conclusion

Liposomes in drug delivery

Introduction
Liposomes are microparticulate lipoidal vehicles
which are under extensive investigation as drug
carriers for improving the delivery of therapeutic
agent.
Composed of relative biodegradable and
biocompatible materials, they consist of an aqueous
volume entrapped by one or more bilayers of natural
or synthetic lipids.

Definition
Liposome is derived from two Greek
words, lipos meaning fat and
soma meaning body.
Liposomes are small artificial
vesicles of spherical shape that can be
created from cholesterol and natural
non-toxic phospholipids. Due to their
size and hydrophobic and hydrophilic
character(besides biocompatibility),
liposomes are promising systems for
drug delivery.

Mechanism of action
Liposome attaches to plasma
membrane and appears to fuse
with them, release their content
inside cell.
Liposomes are taken up by cell
and their phospholipids are
incorporated into cell membrane
by which drug entrapped inside
is released
In case of phagocyte cell,
liposomes are taken up,
phospholipid wall are acted upon
by organelle called lysosomes,
and the drug is released.

Factors Affecting Drug Release from Liposome

carrier
Liposomes are the most widely used nano-carrier systems in
medicine. Common strategies for tumor-specific drug delivery
using liposomes include the passive accumulation of liposomes
that have an increased circulation half-life, which is possible as a
result of the leakiness of tumor neovasculature, as well as the
active targeting of liposomes using surface-bound ligands.
However, such targeting of the nanocarrier is not effective if the
encapsulated drug within the liposome is not released at the
intended site. Drug release can be influenced by both the
membrane composition of the liposome and the choice of drug.
In addition to environmental triggers, such as low pH and the
presence of particular enzymes, external stimuli such as heat or
ultrasound have gained attention in the clinic.

Advantages of Liposomes
Provides selective passive targeting to tumor tissues
Increased efficacy and therapeutic index
Increased stability via encapsulation
Reduction in toxicity of the encapsulated agent.
Improved pharmacokinetic effects
Used as carriers for controlled and sustained drug
delivery
Can be made into variety of sizes.

Disadvantages of Liposomes
Leakage of encapsulated drug during storage
Uptake of liposomes by the reticuloendothelial system
Batch to batch variation
Difficult in large scale manufacturing and sterilization
Once administered, liposomes can not be removed
Possibility of dose dumping, due to faulty administration

Applications of Liposomes

Significance of Liposome Uses in Drug Delivery

1. Drug Targeting
-Inactive: Unmodified liposomes gather in specific tissue ,e.g:
reticuloendothelial system
-Active: alter liposome surface with ligand (antibodies, enzymes, protein A, sugars)
-Physical:temperature or pH sensitive liposomes
2. Pharmacokinetic significant:
-Changes the absorbance and biodistribution
- Deliver drug in desired form
3. Protection
-Decrease harmful side effects
-Changewheredrugaccumulatesinthebody
4. Release
-Affect the time in which the drug is released
-Prolong time -increase duration of action and decrease administration

Conclusion
Liposomes are one of the unique drug delivery system, which can
be of potential use in controlling and targeting drug delivery.
Liposomes are administrated orally, parenterally and topically as
well as used in cosmetic and hair technologies, sustained release
formulations, diagnostic purpose and as good carriers in gene
delivery
Nowadays liposomes are used as versatile carriers for targeted
delivery of drug.