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Pump
100
%
Valve
25
%
75
%
50
The Piping
Piping
Water
Water is the substance that
flows through the circuit.
Water
The Pump
The pump gives water kinetic
energy and accelerates it
through the piping.
Pump
The Valve
The valve regulates the rate
of flow of water.
Valve
Flow Rate
K
= 1 liter
= 3.3 x 1025
molecules
H 20
Electric Charge
Electric charge is a property of matter that causes a
force to be exerted when it is near other electrically
charged matter.
Like charges repel each other, while opposite charges
attract.
Electric Charge
The unit of charge (q) is the Coulomb (C).
An electron has a very, very small charge. You would
need 6.2 x 1018 electrons to make 1 Coulomb of charge.
Having a Coulombs worth of electrons is like having
a liters worth of water molecules.
Pump
Valve
Batter
y
Resistor
The Wire
Piping
Water
The combination of
piping and water is
similar to copper wire.
Unlike water, electrons
do not need to be added
to copper. They are
already present.
The Battery
The negative terminal is eager
to give up electrons, while the
positive terminal is more eager to
accept electrons.
Pump
Batte
ry
Potential Difference
Potential
Difference
Batte
ry
Voltage
The unit of potential
Batte
ry
The Resistor
Just like a valve, a resistor
limits the rate of charge flow in
the circuit.
Valve
Resistor
Examples of Resistors
5-10mm
Electric Current
Electric Current
K
=1
Coulomb
= 6.2 x 1018
electrons
Batte
Resistor
Ohms Law
Ohms Law
Ohms Law
Measurements
To measure voltage, probe across two points in a circuit.
1.50
Multimeter
Batte
ry
A COM V
Measurements
To measure current, break the circuit, and put the meter in
series with the load.
0.50
Multimeter
Batte
ry
A COM V
3.0
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