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Geography
Nilekh
Bellankimath
Geography- Malaysia
Area in total:329,847 sq km
Malaysia is one of the top exporters of natural rubber andpalm oil, timber and
timber products and tobacco
Tin and petroleum are the two main mineral resources that are of major
significance in the Malaysian economy
Polity
Aayushi Pathak
About
Executive Branch
The political system of Malaysia is closely modeled on that of Westminster parliamentary
system, a legacy of British colonial rule.
The politics of Malaysia is based on a federal constitutional monarchy, in which the King is
head of state and the Prime Minister is the head of government
The King is selected for a term of five-years from among the nine Sultans of the Malay
states, the king also is the leader of the Islamic faith in Malaysia.
The Executive power is vested in the cabinet led by the prime minister. The members of
the cabinet are all chosen from among members of both houses of Parliament and are
responsible to that body.
Legislative Branch
Malaysia has a bicameral Parliament consisting of the Senate or Dewan Negara with 70
seats; 44 appointed by the paramount ruler, 26 appointed by the state legislatures and
the House of Representatives or Dewan Rakyat with 219 seats
The legislative power of the political system of Malaysia is divided between the federal and
the state legislatures.
Judicial Branch
The Malaysian legal system is based on English common law.
Many laws and the constitution are influenced from Indian law.
There are Federal Court, Court of Appeals, High Courts, Magistrate's Courts, Juvenile Courts
and Sessions Courts.
The judges of the Federal Court are appointed by the King on the advice of the Prime
Minister.
State Government
The state governments are ruled by Chief Ministers, which are elected by the
state assemblies and advising their respective sultans or governors.
There are 13 states and three federal territories, each of which has an
assembly and a government headed by a Chief Minister.
Nine of these states have hereditary rulers, generally titled 'sultans', while the
remaining four have appointed governors in counterpart positions.
Dominant Party
The Corruption Perceptions Index is an indicator of perceptions of public sector corruption, i.e.
administrative and political corruption. The scale ranges from 0 to 100. 100 being no corruption.
Result: The average value for Malaysia during that period was 49.13 points with a minimum of
43 points in 2011 and a maximum of 52 points in 2003.
The Political Rights ratings for Malaysia from the Freedom House evaluate three categories: electoral process, political
pluralism and participation, and the functioning of government. The index ranges from 1 (strong rights) to 7 (weak rights).
Results: The average value for Malaysia during that period was 3.82 points with a minimum
of 2 points in 1972 and a maximum of 5 points in 1989.
The index for Rule of Law in Malaysia captures perceptions of the extent to which agents in Malaysia have confidence
in and abide by the rules of society, and in particular the quality of contract enforcement, property rights, the police,
and the courts, as well as the likelihood of crime and violence. The scale ranges from -2.5 to +2.5 .(-2.5 weak; 2.5
strong
Result: The average value for Malaysia during that period was 0.51 points with a minumum of
0.31 points in 2000 and a maximum of 0.64 points in 2014.
Women in parliaments are the percentage of parliamentary seats in a single or lower chamber held by
women.
Results: The average value for Malaysia during that period was 9.59 percent with a
minimum of 5.1 percent in 1990 and a maximum of 10.8 percent in 2008.
The index of Government Effectiveness in Malaysia captures perceptions of the quality of public services, the quality
of the civil service and the degree of its independence from political pressures, the quality of policy formulation and
implementation, and the credibility of the government's commitment to such policies in Malaysia. The scale ranges
from -2.5 to +2.5.
Result: The average value for Malaysia during that period was 1.06 points with a
minimum of 0.75 points in 1996 and a maximum of 1.25 points in 2007.
The index for Control of Corruption in Malaysia captures perceptions of the extent to which public power in
Malaysia is exercised for private gain, including both petty and grand forms of corruption, as well as capture
of the state by elites and private interests.The scale ranges from -2.5 to +2.5.
Result: The average value for Malaysia during that period was 0.29 points with a minimum of
-0.03 points in 2009 and a maximum of 0.55 points in 1998.
The index of Regulatory quality in Malaysia captures perceptions of the ability of the government to
formulate and implement sound policies and regulations that permit and promote private sector
development.
Result: The average value for Malaysia during that period was 0.56 points with a minimum of
0.31 points in 2009 and a maximum of 0.84 points in 2014.
Manoj
Upadhyay
Malaysian Law
Law is mainly based on the common law legal system which was direct result of the
colonisation of Malaya, Sarawak and North Borneo by Britain in the early 19 th century
to 1960s
Laws of Malaysia can be divided into two types written laws and unwritten laws.
Written laws are enacted in the constitution or legislations.
Unwritten laws are not contained in any statutes and can be found in case decisions
are known as common law or case law.
Federal laws enacted by parliament of Malaysia apply throughout the country
State laws enacted by the state legislative assemblies applies in particular states.
The constitution provides unique dual justice system - the secular laws and sharia
laws
Islamic law referred as sharia law is a state law matter with the exception of federal
territories of Malaysia and it only applies to muslims.
Trade Performance
Malaysias total trade for 2015 grew by 1.2% to reach RM1.466 trillion
compared to RM1.448 trillion in the year 2014.
The increase was contributed by higher trade with China (RM23.09
billion), ASEAN (RM12.38 billion), USA(RM12.22 billion), EU(RM4.52
billion), Turkey (RM2.48 billion), India (RM1.59 billion), Switzerland
(RM1.46 billion), Taiwan (RM1.29 billion) and Mexico (RM1.15
billion).
Exports grew by 1.9% to reach a value of RM779.95 billion.
Imports increased by 0.4% to reach a value of RM685.65 billion.
Taxation
Corporate tax standard rate is 24%
For foreign companies there is no distinction between resident and non
resident companies or the subsidiaries of foreign companies for the
method of rate of taxation.
Tax rate on company profits i.e., capital gains taxation is 25%
Tax on SMEs is 20% on taxable profits up to MYR 500000, the balance
being taxed at 25%.
Country comparison for corporate Malaysia
taxation
Germany
United states
13
10.6
25.1
118
218
175
208
40
48.8
43.9
34.3
Consumption taxes
The standard rate for goods and service tax is 6%
GST is charged on value or selling price of the products.
Items exempted from GST include residential buildings, life insurance,
private health services, private educational services, financial services,
land for agricultural and public use, public mass transportation and
highway tolls.
Other consumption taxes such as excise duties are levied on tobacco,
beer and liquor, motor vehicles, playing cards and mah-jong tiles
Individual taxes
A non-resident is subject to income tax in Malaysia for his income which
only comes from Malaysian
sources, at a uniform rate of 28%.
Tax rate
Individual income tax
Up to MYR
MYR 2501- 5000
0%
1%
3%
7%
12%
19%
24%
26%
Economy
Shishir Toshniwal
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
GDP
INFLATION
TRADE SURPLUS
EXCHANGE RATE
10 YEAR BOND RATE
STOCK MARKET INDEX
EXTERNAL DEBT TO GDP RATIO
ECONOMIC DATA
2011
GDP (USD Billion)
2012
2013
2014
2015
AVERAGE
299
316
324
340
298
315.4
10282
10883
10785
10737
10222
10581.8
5.3
5.5
4.7
5.3
3.17
3.06
3.28
3.5
4.29
3.46
228
228
229
234
230
229.8
187
197
206
209
176
195
56.7
62.3
65.6
62.9
65.1
62.52
3.2
1.7
2.1
3.1
2.1
2.44
3.3
3.06
4.11
3.57
3.52
4.25
3.81
3.8516
1494
1678
1862
1758
1660
1690.4
Inflation rate
Unemployment (%)
10 Year Bond Rate (%)
Stock Market Index(KLCI)
GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
10 YEAR BOND
Rate %
2011
2012
340
2013
2014
2015
YEAR
324
316
299
2011
298
2012
2013
YEAR
2014
2015
3.5
3
2.5
2
% 1.5
1
0.5
0
In flatio n
2011
2012
2013
YEAR
2014
2015
GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
BALANCE OF PAYMENT
250
200
150
USD Billion 100
50
0
YEARS
ECONOMIC GROWT H
6.5
6
5.5
% 5
4.5
4
3.5
2011
2012
2013
YEARS
2014
2015
News
Avani Lohiya
NEWS
Deposits into Malaysian Prime Minister
Najib Razaks bank accounts ran to
hundreds of millions of dollars more
than previously identified by probes into
state fund 1Malaysia Development
Berhad (1MDB).
He has denied any wrong doing, saying
the funds were a legal political donation
and he did not take any money for
personal gain.
A private equity firm Primus Pacific
Partners is suing Goldman Sachs,
accusing it in court documents filed on
Tuesday of improperly trying to carry
forward with the scandal-plagued prime
minister of Malaysia.
NEWS
Malaysias attorney general
said on Tuesday that $681m
transferred into prime minister
Najib Razaks personal bank
account was a gift from the
royal family in Saudi Arabia,
and there were no criminal
offences or corruption involved.
The involvement of the Saudi
royal family is an unexpected
twist in a scandal over the
mysterious funds transfer and
the troubles of indebted state
fund 1Malaysia Development
Berhad (1MDB), whose advisory
board Najib chairs
NEWS
Malaysias Prime Minister Najib Razak is to get sweeping security powers
amid planned protests.
The new National Security Council act allows Najib to designate any area as a
security area, where he can deploy forces to search any individual, vehicle
or premise without a warrant.
It also allows investigators to dispense with formal inquests into killings by
the police or armed forces in those areas.
Najibs ruling coalition promoted the law as a means to counter threats to
security in predominantly Muslim Malaysia, which has long dealt with a fringe
element of radical Islamists.
But critics say the laws expansive powers threaten human rights and
democracy in the emerging nation and could now be used to silence critics of
the One Malaysia Development Berhad (1MDB) fund scandal.
NEWS
The Road Transport Department
(RTD) is conducting a campaign to
get 1.2 Malaysians without a
driving licence to apply for them.
Its director-general, Datuk Nadzri
Siron said they wanted to know the
reasons why these people do not
possess a driving licence despite
being eligible for a licence.
"The RTD wants to know whether
they do not want to drive, do not
have a vehicle or dependent on
public transport. Of the total
number of cases, some 62 percent
involved motorcycles.
NEWS
Malaysia has been in news recently for being a Racist country. Its
current citizens who have shifted or migrated to different countries, say
they feel love other countries that theyve never felt in the own home
country.
Nine Australians arrested for stripping off at the Malaysian Formula One
Grand Prix have walked free from a court.
The men were detained after posing in swimwear decorated with the
Malaysian flag to celebrate Australian Daniel Riccardos win in Sunday's
race.
NEWS
Footage of a TV programme by Trans Media which had gone viral,
showing how Indonesia's illegal immigrants entered Tawau.
The 11-minute video claimed that it was easy for Indonesians to enter
Tawau illegally, only by giving a bribe of around RM50 to RM100 to the
Malaysian authorities who monitor the waters and take care of the
ports.
The police will take action against dishonest personnel found guilty of
allowing illegal immigrants to enter the country's waters.
Tawau police chief ACP Fadil Marsus said if any personnel from the
General Operations Force (GOF), Marine Operations Force (MOF) or any
other police unit was caught indulging in immoral activities, strict action
will be taken against them.
NEWS
Two foreign shareholders of large stakes in leading Malaysian
telecommunications companies (telcos) are exploring the possibility of
divesting their stakes, indicating that the industry could be maturing
here.
Reports also indicated that these parties might be keener on investing
in higher-growth markets such as Indonesia and Vietnam.
In other parts of Asia, investments by foreign cellular companies
(telcos) into Asian telcos had dried up.
Over the past few days, reports had emerged that Norwegian Telco,
Telenor ASA, might be considering a sale of its stake in Digi.Com Bhd,
and Saudi Telecom Co was said to be exploring options to dispose of its
indirect stake in Maxis Bhd.
Anurag Sarkar
Introduction
Malaysia is the third biggest producer if rubber in the world.
Malaysia had an ideal climate, soil for rubber and plenty of land.
Production increased dramatically after the 1890s when there was a
huge surge in demand for rubber. For many years tin and rubber were
Malaysias primary exports.
It has slowly become the backbone of Malaysian Economy. It is one of
the important components of the agricultural sector which
contributes largely to the nation's prosperity and gross domestic
product (GDP).
Besides that, Malaysia also remains the world's largest exporter of
natural rubber (NR) in the form of latex derived products like medical
gloves, catheters and latex thread.
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
Year
Natural Rubber
Synthetic Rubber
Total Rubber
2012
2014
2016
2018
2000
2002
2004
2006
Natural Rubber
2008
Synthetic Rubber
2010
2012
Total Rubber
2014
2016
2018
1,400,000
1,200,000
1,200,000
1,000,000
1,000,000
800,000
800,000
600,000
600,000
400,000
400,000
200,000
200,000
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Dry
2008
2009
Latex
2010
Total
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2000
2002
2004
2006
Dry
2008
Latex
2010
Total
2012
2014
2016
2018
1,000,000
900,000
800,000
700,000
600,000
500,000
400,000
300,000
200,000
100,000
0
Tyre
GRG**
Footwear
IRG***
Latex Products
Industry Total
1000000.00
800000.00
600000.00
400000.00
200000.00
0.00
Dry
Latex
Total
1% 1% 1% 0% 2%
3% 2%
7%
11%
0% 0% 3%
3% 2% 0% 0%
6%
14%
53%
61%
11%
20%
Thailand
Philippines
Ghana
Indonesia
Viet Nam
Myanmar
South Africa
Others
Cote D'Ivoire
Cambodia
Papua New Guinea
Thailand
Philippines
Ghana
Indonesia
Viet Nam
Myanmar
South Africa
Others
Cote D'Ivoire
Cambodia
Papua New Guinea
1600000
1400000
1200000
1000000
800000
600000
400000
200000
0
Year
CR to China
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Dry
Total
Latex
2000
2001
2002
Tyres
2003
2004
Inner Tubes
2005
2006
Footwear
2007
2008
Latex Products
2009
IRGs*
2010
GRGs**
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
1% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 4%
1% 1% 1%
1%
1%
1%
3%
1% 4%
8%
1%
1% 0% 5%
1% 1% 1% 1%
1%
1%
1%2%
1%
4%
2%
1%
2%
3%
10%
62%
68%
1%
2%
China
Finland
India
Russia
Others
Germany
Turkey
France
U.K
Iran
South Korea
Mexico
South Africa
USA
Portugal
Egypt
Netherlands
Brazil
Taiwan
Italy
Lithuania
China
Finland
India
Russia
Others
Germany
Turkey
France
U.K
Iran
South Korea
Mexico
South Africa
USA
Portugal
Egypt
Netherlands
Brazil
Taiwan
Italy
Lithuania
2001
2002
2003
Natural Rubber
2004
2005
2006
Rubber Products
2007
2008
Other Rubber**
2009
2010
Heveawood Products
2011
2012
Industry Total
2013
0%
2014
Total Exports
2015
2016
Planted Hectarage
Natural rubber has been eclipsed by palm oil in Malaysia after a global
crash in prices in the late 1990s prompted many planters to abandon
the commodity.
As well as increasing production, some Southeast Asian neighbours
have the advantage of lower labour costs, according to the International
Rubber Study Group.
The government is looking for ways to increase yields and
commercialize new rubber products to rejuvenate a sector that
accounted for about 6 percent of exports last year, according to rubber
board data.
Majority of Malaysias rubber production came from smallholders rather
than from estates and plantations.
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Estate
2007
2008
Smallholding
2009
2010
Malaysia
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015