Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Contents
1. Introduction
2. Troubleshooting of Cellulosic Dyeing
3. Dyeing Composite Materials containing
Cellulosic Fibres
1. Introduction
Textile Industry Stream
Spinning
Weaving
Singening
Desizing
Scouring
Bleaching
Drying
Whitening
Printing
Drying
Dyeing
Finishing
Inspection
Sewing
Subsidiary Materials
(Button,Zipper and Others)
Packing
Transportaion
and Storage
Sale
1. Introduction
Cotton Industry Stream
Weaving
Woven
Finished Fabric
Fibre
Yarn
Textured Yarn
Knit
Spinning
Upstream
Apparel
Knitting
Sewing
Downstream
1. Introduction
Classification of dyes according
to the principal fibre classes
Cellulosic
Protein
Direct
Sulphur
Azoic
Vat
Reactive
Acid(including
metalcomplex)
Mordant
Reactive
Cellulose
acetates
Disperse
Nylon
Acrylic
Polyester
Disperse
Acid(including
metalcomplex)
Mordant
Basic
Acid
Disperse
An Inherent Characteristics
Typical Example
occurring defect
investigate the conditions
an experimental
analysis :
test tube analysis
spot analysis
chromatographic
analysis
fastness test, etc.
Instrumental
analysis :
UV-VIS
spectroscopic
analysis
FT-IR analysis
Thermal analysis
Fluorescence
analysis, etc.
YES or NO
YES
conclude making a plan
of action
NO
Defect
Caused by
Measure
Singeing
ununiformity temperature
Singeing Dust unevenness humidity in fabric
singeing in unflattened condition
Desizing
unevenness or insufficient
desizing
Desizing Dust
making a spot shaped desizing
dust after dyeing
Scouring
Scouring Dust
Dust
insufficient scouring
cause of the uneven dyeing
unevenness treatment
Whitening
Yellowing
<Stained Sample>
<Microscope Image>
<Stained Sample>
Assume that the staining caused by mold
<Microscope Image>
<Microscope Image>
Assume that In bleaching with hydrogen peroxide, the reaction with
hydrogen peroxide and metal rested in cotton makes pin-hole in fabric
with acid
break the main chain in cellulosic molecule
Cotton
Alkali
Defect
dyed in light color
decolorization by the reduction
of aldehyde
decline of tensile strength
dyed in deep shade
dyed in light color
<defected sample>
dye
auxochrome
chromophores : The part of a molecule responsible for its color
chromogene : Compound that forms coloured compounds on oxidation
auxochrome : A group of atoms that can be attached to a chromogen to
convert it into a dye
Cotton
Dye
disperse
Finishing Agent
Level
ease
ease
Cause
attack dyestuff through the diffusion into the fiber
not having amino group fixing NO2
difficulty
Wool
acid
difficulty
Polyester
disperse
difficulty
<defect in ironing>
assumed that discoloration was caused by rest acid, alkali, sweat, rust
and nitrogen oxides gas
a conclusive answer is that discoloration was caused by nitrogen oxides
gas through various experimental results
<Normal>
<Fading sample>
Wearing a necklace(copper) and a red color T-shirt dyed with reactive dye
The color of contact region is changed to blue
The copper component of necklace is combined with reactive dye
<Microscope Image>
The copper component of button and zipper is combined
with reactive dye => Fading of color
1 Disperwe Dye
Reactive Dye
X% o.w.f.
Y% o.w.f.
Dispersing Agent
CH3COOH pH = 5.0 5.5
Na2SO4
Z g/l
2 Na2CO3
3 Soaping Agent
boiling point
Z g/l
Na2Co3
2 H2SO4, CH3COOH pH 5.0 5.5
3 Soaping Agent (boiling point)
1 Disperse Dye
X% o.w.f.
Reactive Dye
Y% o.w.f.
Dispersing Agent
Na2SO4
Z g/l
Thank
You!