Stem Cell Therapy as a Treatment for Complications of the

Bone Marrow

CHAN, Mic Sheldon T.

MATIAS, Mae Angelu M.
VALDERRAMA, Ana Francesca S.

Abstract
Stem cells are currently being used today to treat a wide variety of
diseases because of its regenerative capabilities. This study will discuss
the usage of stem cells as a treatment for complications in the bone
marrow. Several factors must be considered before a person may
undergo stem cell therapy. Undergoing this treatment poses some
advantages as well as possible disadvantages. Results of this treatment
may go in two directions. It can either be successful and may cure the
disease it targets, or, in some cases, it may induce adverse side effects to
the patient. Nonetheless, stem cell therapy has the potential to treat a
malfunctioning bone marrow. Success and failure in this type of
transplantation is dependent on the conditions of the transplant, how the
body will react to the treatment, and how it will function in the body.

Keywords: stem cells, bone marrow, hematopoiesis

Statement of the Problem

1. What are stem cells and their function?
2. How can the treatment solve complications in the bone
marrow?
3. What are the positive effects and possible adverse effects of
the treatment?

Objectives
1. To explain the use of stem cells as a treatment for the bone
marrow.
2. To discuss the effects after undergoing the treatment.
3. To determine the reliability and effectiveness of the overall
treatment.

Discussion
Stem Cell Therapy
-Immature cells
-Can be developed to form other cells in the body
-Potential option for treating severe or terminal illnesses
-Not a first line treatment

Renewal

Differentiation

Discussion
Bone Marrow
-Found in the cavities of bones
-Two forms: Yellow and red
-Produces and stores blood cells

Discussion
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant
-Also known as bone marrow transplant
-Takes cells from a healthy bone marrow
-Involves chemotherapy followed by transfusion of cells to a
malfunctioning bone marrow
-Healthy cells produce blood cells normally

Discussion
Factors to consider
-Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)
-Protein found on the surface of white blood cells
-Marker for identification
-Donor and patients stem cells must have a close match
-Patient
-Type of disease
-Overall condition
-Medical exams

Discussion
Types of transplant

Allogenic

Autologous

Umbilical Cord Blood

Discussion
Purpose of treatment
-Treat complications in the bone marrow
-Blood disorders
-Anemia
-Leukemia
-Genetic disorders
-Hurlers syndrome
-Adrenoleukodystrophy

Discussion
Effects
-Positive effects
-Engraftment
-Normal production of blood cells
-Possible negative effects
-Graft versus host disease (Engraftment failure)
-Infection
-Bleeding
-Organ damage

Conclusion
1. Stem cells are the foundation of every organ and tissues of our body
which are responsible for the production of different types of cells in
our body which has the potential to treat diseases concerning the
bone marrow.
2. The stem cell treatment is a promising treatment in solving the
complication in the bone marrow because of their regenerative
capability for the rapid production of healthy cells in the bone
marrow.
3. The treatment may show positive results, which is the complete
treatment of the bone marrow, but it may also show complications if
the conditions of the transplant are not met. Stem cell treatment still
poses many risks as it is a treatment that is not yet fully developed
and is still undergoing development.

Recommendation
1. Further study with regards to this kind of therapy is highly
recommended. This may open more possibilities to the field
of science and medicine.
2. Conduct more research on how to utilize stem cells in treating
other diseases.
3. A further study on the short term and long term effects would
be appropriate, as only a few number have tried this
treatment, and only some have been successful.
4. The meticulous choosing of donors is crucial for a higher rate
of effectiveness. A more accurate way of determining donors
who match must be researched on.