Women Empowerment and IPRIs Gender Equality

Measure: The Case of District Charsadda and

Peshawar

Raza Ullah
Assistant Professor, Islamia College University
Peshawar, Pakistan

Work of Hernando De Soto

In the Mystery of Capital, De Soto (2000) notes that an
effective market economy cannot flourish until the people
are included in the process.
Exclusion of people creates two parallel economies; one
is legal and the other, he calls extra-legal.
An elite minority enjoys the fruit of law within formal
economy and live capital. While the remaining lot
belongs to extra-legal economy, De Soto utters it as
decaying in the shadow of law and calls it as dead
capital.
De Soto travels third world countries and former
communist countries and estimates at least US$9.3
trillion dead capital.

 The work in this dissertation is based

on International Property Rights
Index
(IPRI, 2011) report.
Property Rights Alliance (PRA) a US
advocacy sponsored Hernando De
Soto fellowship released its first
edition in 2007 of International
Property Rights Index.

IPRI (2011) develops a measure for property

rights consisting of following three core
components and ten sub components with
Gender Equality Component .
Legal and Political Environment (LP)
Physical Property Rights (PPR)
Intellectual Property Rights (IPR)

Legal and Political Environment (LP)

-

Judicial independence
Rule of law
Political stability
Control of corruption

Physical Property Rights (PPR)

- Protection of Physical Property
Rights
- Registering Property
- Access to Loan

Intellectual Property Rights (IPR)

- Protection of Intellectual Property
Rights
- Patent Protection
- Copyright Piracy

 Gender Equality Component (GE)

Womens Access to Land
Womens Access to Credit
Womens Access to Property Other
than Land
Inheritance Practices
Womens Social Rights

Why a Qualitative Approach?

In this research, the objective was to
gather data on two selected areas:
districts Charsadda and Peshawar, to see
how poor perceive their poverty e.g.
womens discretion of access to loan or
land rights etc.
an understanding of the social
experiences and reactions to realities
could not be forecasted with standardized
methods.

The Interview Process

Samples are interviewed with 22
questions and two districts are
selected for conducting the research
i.e. Charsadda and Peshawar.

Detail of samples interviewed

Distribution of Questions

Sample Selection
Selection of appropriate sample is an
important part of fieldwork, and for
this research, the sample was
selected by Snowball sampling a
non-probability based sampling
technique

The Development of Fieldwork

Database (RDB)
Following the Triangulation approach from
the data collected from different sources i.e.
participant and non-participant observation,
content analysis, interview etc.
I indexed as elements of fieldwork data
base as Research Data Base Numbers
abbreviated as RDB No.
The index provides reference to the details
of all data collected during the research.

Framework for Data Analysis

In this research Miles Huberman
model is used for data analysis.
Miles and Huberman (1994) describe
data analysis as the processes of
three inter-linked sub processes:
- Data reduction phase;
- Data display phase; and the
- Conclusion drawing and verification
phase.

Concept-mapping
During data collection process there
was need to arrange data in logical
sequence to draw meaningful
conclusion. Concept-mapping helps
in interlinking such patterns and
themes through a logical sequence,
and constructs and identifies
categories, and even refinement of
such linkages

Joseph Novak introduces the concept-mapping approach.

Concept-maps are graphical tools for organizing and representing
knowledge. They include concepts, usually enclosed in circles or
boxes of some type, and relationships between concepts
indicated by a connecting line linking two concepts.

Patterns and Themes

Data analysis stage has reduced the
data into following thirty themes.
Each represents a category of certain
similar samples group. The details
are as in the next slide.

Proposed Gender Model

Policy Recommendations

Study Summary
I used qualitative research method.
Though, it is a subjective approach
but the process of using concept-map
added objectivity.
Safe Physical Property Rights was
the main demand of sample. The
major issue is to ensure secure
property.

Study Summary
This study suggests another subcomponent in Gender Equality
Component for women
empowerment i.e. access to
information. It will empower them to
inform about the opportunities and
rights. The previous IPRI framework
has not contained access to
information as right to women which
is more relevant in Pakistani context.

Thank You