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What Is Leadership?
Leadership
The ability to
influence a group
toward the
achievement of goals.
Management
Use of authority
inherent in designated
formal rank to obtain
compliance from
organizational
members.
Leadership
Leadership is a process of exercising influence
over an individual or a group. Effective
leadership is necessary for inspiring the people
to work for the accomplishment of objectives. It
provides a cohesive force which holds the group
intact and develops a spirit of cooperation
Definition :
Characteristics of leadership
Characteristics of leadership
1. Leadership is a process of influence:
Leadership is a process whose important
ingredient is the influence exercised by the
leader on the group members. A person is
said to have an influence over others when
they are willing to carry out his wishes and
accept his advice, guidance and direction.
Successful leaders are able to influence
the behavior, attitudes and beliefs of their
followers.
Contd
2.Leadership is related to a situation:
When we talk to leadership, it is always
related to a particular situation at a given
point of time and under a specific set of
circumstances. That means leadership styles
will be different under different circumstances.
At one point of time, the subordinates may
accept the autocratic behavior of the leader
while at a different point of time and under a
different situation participative leadership
style may be successful.
Contd
3. Leadership is the function of
stimulation:
Leadership is the function of motivating
people to strive willingly to attain
organizational objectives. Leaders are
considered successful when they are able to
subordinate the individual interests of the
employees to the general interests of the
organization. A successful leader allows his
subordinates to have their individual goals
set up by themselves in such a way that
they do not conflict with the organizational
Contd
4: leadership gives and experience of
helping people attain the common
objectives
Under the successful leadership ,every
person in the organization feels that his
operation, however minor it may be, is vital
to
the
attainment
of
organizational
objectives. It happens when the leader feels
the importance of individuals, gives them
recognition and tells them about the
importance of activities performed by them.
Contd
5: Followers must be satisfied with the
type of leadership provided :
Only short term productivity of employees
can be increased by pressure and
punishment. This approach is not in the
long term interests of the organization.
Force generates counter force which results
in a decreased long term productivity. Long
term interest of the organization are best
served
when
subordinates
are
knowledgeable and competent.
Myths
About
leadership
Importance of Leadership
1.Developing Good
Human relations:
Human
Relations
2. Creating Confidence
A good leader may create confidence in his
followers by directing them, giving them
advice and getting through them good
results in the organisation. Once an
individual, with the help of a leader, puts
high efficiency, he tries to maintain it as he
acquires certain levels of confidence
towards
his
capacity.
Sometimes,
individuals fail to recognise their qualities
and capabilities to work in the absence of
good direction.
3.
Securing
Members:
Co-operation
of
the
4. Determination of Goals
A leader performs the creative functions of
laying down goals and policies for the
followers. He acts as a guide in interpreting
the goals and policies.
5.Organisation of Activities
A good leader divides organization activities
among the employees in a systematic manner.
The relationship between them is clearly laid
down. This reduces the change of conflict
between them
Functions of Leadership
1.Setting Goals
2.Motivating Employees
3.Building morale
4.Creating Confidence
5.Discipline
6.Developing Team-work
7.Facilitates Change
8.Representing the group
A Question
Managerial Leadership
Leadership
Management
Create opportunities
React
Seek opportunities
Control risks
Coordinate effort
Provide instructions
Leadership Traits
Intelligence
More intelligent
than non-leaders
Scholarship
Knowledge
Being able to get
things done
Physical
Doesnt seem to be
correlated
Personality
Verbal facility
Honesty
Initiative
Aggressive
Self-confident
Ambitious
Originality
Sociability
Adaptability
TYPES OF LEADERS
1) Intellectual leaders:
As the term implies, intellectual leaders are those who
win the confidence of the followers by their superior
intellect or knowledge. Nearly in all big organizations,
there are experts whose advice is sought on matters in
which they are experts.
He may be a purchase specialist, a production expert, a
job analyst or an advertising specialist.
Regardless of his function, he is able to get results
through others because his superior knowledge.
2) Democratic Leaders:
A democratic leader is one who acts
according to the wishes of his followers. He
does what the group wants. He follows the
majority opinion as expressed by his group.
He holds his leadership position because he
is loyal to his group, is always concerned
with their interests, is friendly and helpful to
them and is always ready to defend them,
individually and collectively.
3) Autocratic Leaders:
Such a leader dominates and drives is
group through coercion, command and the
instilling of fear in his followers.
Such leaders prefer the use of power in
promoting their own ends .They never like
to delegate their power for the fear that
they may lose their authority in this way.
4) Persuasive Leaders:
The persuasive leader possesses magnetic
personality that enables him to influence his
followers to join him in doing things.
He is the type who can say,
5) Creative Leaders:
The creative leader uses the technique of circular
response so ably described by Follett to encourage
ideas to flow from the group to him as well as from him
to the group.
He draws out the best in his followers without exerting
an undue personal influence on the people.
The
creative
controls
through
united,voluntary,enthusiastic activities by the members
of his group directed by him towards specific goals
which are satisfactory and worthwhile to all.
6) Institutional Leaders:
All institutional leader holds his position because
of force of prestige attached to his office. The
position he holds enables him to influence his
followers, sometimes because of the habits of
obedience that certain followers have sometimes
because of respect for the position and beyond
that for the enterprise as a whole and sometimes
because of the dependence of the subordinate
upon his superior for certain benefits.
Approaches
To
Leadership
Traits
Transactional:
Transformational Leadership:
The style of leadership in which the leader uses his influencing power and
enthusiasm to motivate his followers to work for the benefit of the organization.
Here, the leader seeks the requirement for a change in the existing organization
culture, gives a vision to his subordinates, incorporates mission and implement
the change with the dedication of his followers.
In transformational leadership, the leader acts as a role model and as a
motivator too who offers vision, excitement, encouragement, morale
andsatisfaction to the followers. The leader inspires his people to increase their
abilities and capabilities, build up self-confidence and promotes innovation in the
whole organization.
James Mac Gregor Burns first proposed the concept of this leadership style in the
year 1978. The main idea of this leadership style is that boththe superior and
subordinate work for lifting each other for improving their morale and
motivation.
BASIS FOR
COMPARIS
ON
TRANSACTIONAL
LEADERSHIP
TRANSFORMATIONAL
LEADERSHIP
Meaning
Concept
Nature
Reactive
Proactive
Best suited
for
Settled Environment
Turbulent Environment
Style
Bureaucratic
Charismatic
Focused on
Planning and
Execution
Innovation
Motivational tool
Attracting followers
by putting their own
self interest in the
first place.
Stimulating followers
by setting group
interest as a priority.
Works for