PAPER AND PAPERBOARD

BASED PACKAGING

World Paper and Board Production in

miilions of tonnes

Paper and Paperboard Packaging

Exists at all level of packaging:
Sales or primary packaging
Grouped or secondary packaging
Transport or tertiary packaging

Wood Fiber Based Packaging

+ Wood
Packaging

Forms of Wood Packaging

Generally as transport or distribution packaging

Peti Reuseable

Peti (battened, dicat)

Crate

Skid

PAPER
Definition
matted or felted sheet usually composed
of plant fibres
paper has been commercially made from
such fibre sources as :

Rags (linen)
Baggase (sugar cane)
Cotton
Straw

modern paper is almost exclusively made

from cellulose fibres derived from wood

TERMINOLOGY
Paperboard = boxboard = cardboard =
carton board describes a heavier paper stock
Paper and paperboard are non-specific terms
that can be related to either material caliper
(thickness) or grammage (basis weight)
ISO (International Standards Organisation)
Paperboard = paper with a basis weight >
250 g/m2

General U.S. practice

Paperboard = paper with thickness > 300
m

Variability of Paper
Paper is not a homogeneous material
Varies in the machine direction (MD), cross
direction (CD), Z-direction, and over time
It is also reactive to changes in its
environment. Shrinks and expands usually
not uniformly
Its structure depends on the process that
produces it and even the location across
the width of the paper machine

Components of Wood

Cellulose (C6H10O6)n

Fibre Structure

Sources of Cellulose
Fibre

Source
Hardwoods
Softwoods
Straw,
bagasse
Recycled
paper

Fibrelength
2 mm
4 mm
< 2 mm

wide range, depending on

source

Physical properties of paper or

paperboard such as tear strength,
burst strength, fold ability and
stiffness increase as fibrelength

Fiber Structure

Long fibres produces paper

with
proportionately higher
tensile strength
tear strength
fold strength
puncture strength

a rougher surface texture

variation in density due to poor formation
that can lead to
Uneven ink adsorption during printing
Erratic adhesive bonding

Short fibres produces paper

with
a smoother surface, and
significantly reduced physical
properties compared to long fibres

Recycled fibres will have

properties
inherited from the original fibres source, but
with the provision that every re-pulping
process degrades and reduces fibre length,
thus
significantly reduced physical properties
compared to long fibres, and
affected by extraneous contaminants such as
water insoluble ahdesives
plastic debris
non-removable printing inks

Chipping Process

Pulping Methods

Mechanical Ground
Pulping

Thermo Mechanical Pulping

(TMP)

Chemo Thermo Mechanical Pulping (CTMP)

Batch
System

Chemo Thermo Mechanical

Pulping (CTMP)
Continues
System

Chemical Pulping:
Alkaline Process
Soda (NaOH)
Sulfat/kraft (NaOH, Na2SO4)
Sulfit Process
Sulfit Acid (Ca-bisulfit, SO2)
Bisulfit (MgSO4 or amonium
bisulfit)

Mechanical Pulp
Characteristics
High yield from the timber
The presence of lignin
makes the fibres hard and
rigid
Limited degree of
consolidation
Paper with high bulk (low
density), bending stiffness
and dimensional stability

A sheet made solely of

mechanical pulp is
relatively weak but
relatively stiff

Chemical Pulp
Characteristics
Preserves fibre length
Develops a high degree of
consolidation
High density

Flexible and soft fibres

Good creasing, embossing
and cutting properties

High whiteness,
brightness and light
stability properties
High purity yields, good
odour and taint protection

Final paper properties

affected by

Beating of the pulp

Forming of the fibre network
Wet-pressing
Drying and drying constrains
Post-drying operations such as
Size pressing (starch solution)
Surface coating
Calendering

Representative paper machines

Representative paper
machines
Fourdrinier Machines
Fourdrinier Machines

presentative
paper
machines
Representative paper machines

Twin wire - machines

n-wire Machines

Material Direction

Sisi
Felt
Sisi Roll

The paperboard process

The paperboard process

How
to
choose
paperboard
How to choose paperboard
Promotion
of
products
Promotion of products

Paperboard
Constructions

Corrugated Board Box

for Bottled Water

Corrugated board
with re-applied
offset-printed
paper liner, for 24
PET water bottles.
Print carries
brand name,
barcode and
implies tropicalsourced pure
water

Folding carton for Tea, Tanzania

Standard-tuck
folding carton
with foil liner
for export tea
bags.
Offset print
carries product
data, barcode,
use-by date and
Standards
Bureau (TBS)

Paperboard basket for fresh

produce
Flexographic
printed, lined
Ventilated
corrugated board
box with clip-on
plastic handle, for
fresh peaches

Set-up box with tray for tea,

China

Rigid set-up box

with separate lid
and divided tray, for
ginseng tea bags

Liquid holding cartons

Paper/plastic film/foil
cartons, for
processed soup and
fruit juice, with
security seal and
pour feature

Cross-section of a Packaging Laminate

Materials in the Layers of a Packaging

Laminate

Wound paperboard drum for

salt, France
Spiral-wound board
drum with plastic or
cork lids and
security seal

Spiralwound

Convolutewound

Lam-seam

Card blisterpack for saffron, Spain

Paperboard
hanging card
with PET blister
containing high
value saffron.
Theft and tamper
resistant

Terima
Kasih