Introduction To 8085 Instruction: by Dr. Syed Sahal Nazli Alhady

Introduction to
8085
Instruction
By Dr. Syed Sahal Nazli Alhady
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Page 1
Flowchart
Arrow: Indicates the direction of the
program execution
Rectangle: Represents a process of
an operation
Diamond: Represents a decisionmaking block
Oval: Indicates the beginning or

end of a program
Page 2
Flowchart
Double-sided rectangle: Represents a

predefined such as a subroutine
Circle with an arrow: Represents a

continuation (an entry or exit) to a
different page
Page 3
Flowchart
The no. of step represented is

ambiguous. Not all of them
should be included
It should represent a logical
approach and sequence of steps
in solving problem
Page 4
A Register (Accumulator)
8085
CPU
Registers
B
Register
C
Register
D
Register
E
Register
H
Register
L
Register
PC (Program
Counter)
SP (Stack Pointer)
SR (Status
Register)
Page 5
MVI Put a specified value in a

specified register.
e.g. MVI A B8H - put B8H in A
register
MVI B 5FH - put 5FH in B
register
Page 6
B 8
MVI A,B8H
B
Register
C
Register
D
Register
E
Register
H
Register
L
Register
PC (Program
Counter)
SP (Stack Pointer)
SR (Status
Register)
Page 7
5 F
MVI B,5FH
B
Register
C
Register
D
Register
E
Register
H
Register
L
Register
PC (Program
Counter)
SP (Stack Pointer)
SR (Status
Register)
Page 8
ADI Add the specified value to

register A
e.g. ADI 4BH
SUI Subtract the specified value
from register A
e.g. SUI 12H
Page 9
INR Increment specified register

by 1
e.g. INR C
DCR Decrement specified register
by 1
e.g. DCR B
Page 10
LDA Load data into A from given

RAM address
e.g. LDA 14C3H
STA Store data from A into given
RAM address
e.g. STA 2259H
HLT Halt program
Page 11
Example
MVI A 33H
INR A
STA 12C3H
HLT
Page 12
3 3
MVI A, 33H
B
Register
C
Register
D
Register
E
Register
H
Register
L
Register
PC (Program
Counter)
SP (Stack Pointer)
SR (Status
Register)
Page 13
3 4
INR A
B
Register
C
Register
D
Register
E
Register
H
Register
L
Register
PC (Program
Counter)
SP (Stack Pointer)
SR (Status
Register)
Page 14
12C3H
STA 12C3H
HLT
3 4
B
Register
C
Register
D
Register
E
Register
H
Register
L
Register
PC (Program
Counter)
SP (Stack Pointer)
SR (Status
Register)
Page 15
Example
LDA 55C1H
SUI 10H
STA 55C1H
HLT
- for this example, let's suppose
55C1H starts with the value 6AH
Page 16
55C1H
6 A
LDA 55C1H
B
Register
C
Register
D
Register
E
Register
H
Register
L
Register
PC (Program
Counter)
SP (Stack Pointer)
SR (Status
Register)
Page 17
5 A
SUI 10H
B
Register
C
Register
D
Register
E
Register
H
Register
L
Register
PC (Program
Counter)
SP (Stack Pointer)
SR (Status
Register)
Page 18
55C1H
STA 55C1H
HLT
5 A
B
Register
C
Register
D
Register
E
Register
H
Register
L
Register
PC (Program
Counter)
SP (Stack Pointer)
SR (Status
Register)
Page 19
Types of Memory Addressing 1

Immediate operand is a specific
numerical value, not an address in RAM
e.g. MVI B,52H
ADI 22H
SUI FFH
Page 20

Load Extended Immediate (LXI)
Loads a pair of registers (BC, DE or HL) with
the 2 bytes specified.
e.g. LXI D,3F67H
- loads D register with value 3FH and
- loads E register with value 67H
Page 21
LXI D 3f67H
3 F
6 7
B
Register
C
Register
D
Register
E
Register
H
Register
L
Register
PC (Program
Counter)
SP (Stack Pointer)
SR (Status
Register)
Page 22

Direct operand represents an address
in RAM (address bus is 16 bits or 2
Bytes)
e.g. LDA 55A2H
STA AB31H
Page 23
Another Direct Command:

Load HL Pair Direct
LHLD Load value stored at given RAM
address into L register and load value at next
address into H register
e.g. LHLD 45CDH
- load value stored at 45CDH into register L and
- load value stored at 45CEH into register H
Page 24
Another Direct Command:

Store HL Pair Direct
SHLD Store contents of L register at the
specified RAM address. Store contents of H
register at the next adjacent RAM address.
e.g. SHLD 6649H
- store contents of L register at 6649H.
- store contents of H register at 664AH.
Page 25

Indirect operand specifies a
pair of registers (BC, DE, or
HL) where the RAM address of
the data is stored.
Page 26
An Indirect Command:
Load Accumulator Extended
LDAX Loads into register A the data
stored at RAM address specified by pair of
registers
e.g. LDAX D
Byte from register D and byte from
register E are put together to make a RAM
address. Value stored at that RAM address
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A.
Page 27
Another Indirect Command:

Store Accumulator Extended
STAX Stores value in register A into the
RAM address specified by pair of registers
e.g. STAX B
Byte from register B and byte from
register C are put together to make a RAM
address. Value from register A is stored at
that RAM
address.
Page 28
Example
MVI A,33H
MVI B,89H
MVI C,87H
STAX B
HLT
Page 29
MVI A,33H
3 3
B
Register
C
Register
D
Register
E
Register
H
Register
L
Register
PC (Program
Counter)
SP (Stack Pointer)
SR (Status
Register)
Page 30
MVI B,89H
3 3
8 9
B
Register
C
Register
D
Register
E
Register
H
Register
L
Register
PC (Program
Counter)
SP (Stack Pointer)
SR (Status
Register)
Page 31
MVI C,87H
3 3
8 9
8 7
B
Register
C
Register
D
Register
E
Register
H
Register
L
Register
PC (Program
Counter)
SP (Stack Pointer)
SR (Status
Register)
Page 32
8987H
STAX B
3 3
8 9
8 7
B
Register
C
Register
D
Register
E
Register
H
Register
L
Register
PC (Program
Counter)
SP (Stack Pointer)
SR (Status
Register)
Page 33
Low-Level Repetition &

Selection
Introduce concept of looping with JMP
Every instruction has a memory location (used by
program counter)
e.g. JMP 0033H
- means jump to instruction at memory location
0033H
Page 34
Low-Level Repetition &

Selection
Must keep track of how much
space each instruction requires in
order to loop to the right location
Page 35
Conditional Loops
By comparing two values, we cause
flags to be set in the status register.
Based on the result of this comparison
we can decide to loop or not.
1.
Compare another register to A.

e.g. CMP C
Page 36
Conditional Loops
Sets the flags in the status
register as if we were subtracting
contents of C from A. (Does not
actually subtract)
Page 37
Conditional Loops
2.Compare an immediate value to
register A.
e.g. CPI FFH
Sets the flags in the status register as
if we were subtracting the value FF
from A. (Does not actually subtract)
Page 38
Conditional Loops
Now, looking at the flags in the status register,
we can tell our program to loop under certain
conditions. (Each command is followed by the
memory location to jump to)
JZ - Jump if Zero
JNZ - Jump if Not Zero
JP - Jump if Plus
JM - Jump if Minus
Page 39
Example
MVI A,07H
INR A
CPI 0BH
JNZ ??
STA 4400H
HLT
Page 40
0100
MVI A,07H
0102
INR A
0103
CPI 0BH
0105
JNZ ??
0108
STA 4400H
010A
HLT
Page 41
0100
MVI A,07H
0102
INR A
0103
CPI 0BH
0105
JNZ 0102H
0108
STA 4400H
010A
HLT
Page 42

Introduction To 8085 Instruction: by Dr. Syed Sahal Nazli Alhady

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Introduction to

By Dr. Syed Sahal Nazli Alhady

Free Powerpoint Templates

Diamond: Represents a decisionmaking block

Oval: Indicates the beginning or

Free Powerpoint Templates

Double-sided rectangle: Represents a

Circle with an arrow: Represents a

Free Powerpoint Templates

The no. of step represented is

Free Powerpoint Templates

MVI Put a specified value in a

ADI Add the specified value to

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INR Increment specified register

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LDA Load data into A from given

Types of Memory Addressing 1

Types of Memory Addressing 1

Types of Memory Addressing 2

Another Direct Command:

Another Direct Command:

Types of Memory Addressing 3

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Another Indirect Command:

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Low-Level Repetition &

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Low-Level Repetition &

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Compare another register to A.

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