Basic Life Support

Introduction
The OSU College of Dentistry often deals with
life and death situations. Being fully
prepared for these events both in and out of
the college is a very important part of our
jobs. The purpose of this CBL is to
familiarize students with the necessary
components to successfully complete a
renewal course in Basic Life Support with
the New 2010 Guidelines.

Menu
For best comprehension, complete this course in the sequence it was
written by clicking on the next button on each slide. If you would like to
go back to review a section again click the links below to jump to
selected topics in this program.
C A B
1 and 2 Person Adult CPR
CPR and the Use of an AED
CPR in Children
Adult/Child Choking
1 and 2 Person Infant CPR
Infant Choking

End

Critical Components of CPR

The earlier the need for CPR is established and help arrives the
chances for survival are increased by 50%.
Once unresponsiveness has been determined and help has
been called - begin the steps of CPR.
Check for Pulse for no more than 10 seconds
Begin compressions (if no pulse or unsure)
After 30 Compressions open airway and deliver 2
breaths
Use an AED as soon as one becomes available.

C Compressions

C stands for
Compressions

Place hands in
the center of
the chest
between the
nipple line on
the lower half
of the sternum

A Stands for Airway

Open the airway with the head

tilt chin lift and deliver 2
breaths

Look for chest rise

B- Breathing
After

30 compressions
give 2 breaths

Compressions

With a ratio of 30:2 we are trying to achieve a

compression rate of at least 100 beats per minute.

Compress the chest hard and fast at a depth of at least 2 inches

Automated External Defibrillator (AED)

4 Universal steps to follow:
1.
2.

3.
4.

Turn on (voice prompts will tell you what to

do)
Attach pads to patients bare chest: looking at
picture placement on pad (choose correct
pads: adult or pediatric)
Remove medication patches and wipe
skin
Do not apply pads over
pacemakers/internal defibrillators (noted
as a lump on top of the chest) place
pad 1 inch away
May need to remove chest hair if pads
do not attach firmly on chest
Connect cord to AED
Stand back from the patient so the AED can
analyze the rhythm
AED will advise if a shock is needed:
Make sure to clear the patient (no one is
touching the patient) and press the
shock button

AED Considerations

With the 2010 Guidelines we now use an AED on the Adult,

Child, and Infant victim as soon as it is available.
Pediatric pads cannot be use on adult victims.
Adult pads can be use on all victims, if they are the only pads
available (they should be placed front to back on infants).
Once the AED shocks the victim, chest compressions are
resumed immediately.

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2 Person CPR

While rescuer A is performing compressions, rescuer

B maintains open airway and performs ventilations.
Ratio is still 30:2
Switch back and forth minimizing interruptions- chest
compressions are fatiguing.
Switch compressors every 2 minutes

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Universal Steps of CPR

Assess responsiveness (are you okay)- if no response and no

effective respirations call for help , activate the emergency
response system , and get an AED.
Check for pulse if no pulse- begin chest compressions
After one cycle of 30 chest compressions, open the airway and
give 2 breaths
Use the AED as soon as it is available no matter where you are
in the sequence.

Ratio 30: 2
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Special Considerations

As a lone rescuer a bag valve mask device is not recommended

as a ventilation device

Once an advanced airway is in place (eg. ET tube, LMA), CPR

is continued at a rate of at least 100 compressions per minute
and ventilations are continued at 1 breath every 6-8 seconds.

You must assure that the scene is safe prior to attending to a

potential victim.

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CPR In Children

Modifications of CPR in Children include:

Amount of air for breaths

Depth of compressions (at least 1/3 the depth of the chest or
approximately 2 inches)
Chest compressions may be done with one hand
AED
2 person CPR in children the ratio becomes 15:2
In an unwitnessed arrest of a child perform CPR for 2min. Or
5 cycles before calling 911

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Infant CPR

Determine unresponsiveness (stimulate rub or smack the

bottom of the feet) do not shake and shout
If the infant is unresponsive, check for a brachial pulse
If there is no pulse, or the rate is less than 60 with signs of poor
perfusion, begin chest compressions.
After 30 compressions open the airway and give 2 breaths.
Apply the AED as soon as it is available

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Infant Compressions and Breathing

Compressions are performed at a rate of at least 100 beats per

minute
The ratio is 30 : 2 in one rescuer CPR.
The compressions should be performed with 2 fingers placed
between the nipple line and the chest should be compressed at
least 1/3 the depth of the chest or approximately 1 inches.
When performing breathing in an infant give just enough air to
achieve visible chest rise.

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2 Rescuer CPR in Infants

When performing 2 rescuer CPR on an

infant, the rescuer has the option of
using the 2 thumbs-encircling hands
technique.
This technique allows one rescuer to
be at the infants head for breaths and
the other rescuer to be at the feet for
compressions.
In 2 person CPR in infants the ratio
becomes 15:2 (10 cycles-2 person)
In an unwitnessed arrest of an infant
perform 2 minutes or 5 cycles of CPR
before calling 911 & getting AED.

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Choking

Cases of Choking can be mild or severe.

If the victim is coughing , and air is moving, let them
continue to cough.
If the victim is unable to speak, moving no air, and has no
cough, they have severe airway obstruction.

Begin Abdominal Thrusts!

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Choking continued

Perform abdominal thrusts until the

victim either expels the item or
becomes unresponsive.
Once the choking individual becomes
unresponsive begin CPR- starting
with chest compressions.
After compressions, and before giving
breaths, open the airway and check to
see if anything is in the mouth. If you
see something, take it out, and then
give 2 breaths.
We no longer perform blind finger
sweeps.

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Infant Choking

To clear an infants airway we perform a series of 5 back slaps

followed by 5 chest thrusts.
Hold the infant prone, resting on your forearm with the
head slightly lower than the chest.
Support the infants head with your hand, and deliver 5
forceful back slaps with the heel of your hand between
the infants shoulder blades.
Rotate the infant over and deliver 5 quick downward
chest thrusts (deliver these in the same location as you
would do compressions).

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Infant Choking Continued

Continue performing
alternating sets of back slaps
and chest thrusts until the
infant expels the object or
becomes unresponsive.
Once the infant becomes
unresponsive begin the steps
of CPR starting with chest
compressions. Before giving
breaths, open the airway and
look for an object. If you see
something remove it , do not
perform a blind finger sweep.

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In Summary

We hope that you have learned the steps of BLS for the
Healthcare Provider.
By completing this CBL you should be able to perform the skills
necessary to maintain you certification in BLS.
Remember good CPR is saving more and more lives everyday.

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Exit Instructions
We hope this Computer Based Learning course has been both informative
and helpful. Feel free to review the screens of this course until you are
confident about your knowledge of the material presented.

1. Select Exit to close the student Interface.

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