COMMUNICATION PROCESS

By
DR. NAGENDRA KUMAR
Department of Humanities & Social Sciences
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee,
Roorkee-247 667
Ph: 01332-285711(o), 285719
E-mail-nagenfhs@iitr.ernet.in

COMMUNICATION: A BASIC NEED

It

forms the nucleus of all successful human

relationships.
Human behaviour and social relationships are
an outcome of the process of communication.
Whether we are sitting, walking, talking,
listening or thinking, we are engaged in some
form of communication.

COMMUNICATION: AN
INTRODUCTION
Communication

is the process of sharing

our ideas, thoughts, and feelings with
other people and having those ideas,
thoughts, and feelings understood by the
people we are talking with.
When we communicate we speak, listen,
and observe.

Attention
The

ability to effectively communicate at

work, home, and in life is probably one of the
most important sets of skills a person needs.

What

would our life and world be like without

communication? We cannot get along
without it. It is also not easy, and we all have
probably had experiences where our
communication failed or ran into a barrier.
So, if we can understand the communication
process better and improve it, we will
become a more effective and successful
communicator.

Motivation:
The

ability to effectively communicate is a

primary skill. The more you become an
effective communicator the more likely you
are to achieve what you want.
Over 80% of your waking life is spent
sending or receiving information. Poor
communication can waste time and energy
and cause conflict between people.

How you can benefit by improving

your communication skills ?
You

will have a clearer understanding of

what people are saying to you.
Others
will
be
less
likely
to
misunderstand you.
Problems will be solved quickly.
You will be able to identify others needs
and to resolve conflict.

 Meaning: To
share meaning and understanding
Effective
Communication

between the person sending the message and the

person receiving the message.
The key element: understanding.
Lead-off Question: How have you had a
communication problem or failure to communicate?
Anticipated Responses: A variety of personal
experiences
that
illustrate
difficulty
in
communicating.
Follow-up
Question:
Was
there
a
miscommunication
because
of
a
lack
of
understanding?
Anticipated Responses: Yes.

Communication Process: the Key

Elements
Communication

is a process that serves to

connect senders and receivers of messages in
space and time.
communication is a fundamental, universal
process.
Communication involves the creation,
transmission, and reception of messages.

The Communication Process

Encoding
Message

Channel

Decoding

Message

Source

Receiver

Feedback

A. Sender

The communicator or sender is the person who is

sending the message.
There are two factors that will determine how
effective the communicator will be:
1.The communicators attitude:-- It must be
positive.
2.The communicators selection of
meaningful symbols :-- selecting the right
symbols depending on your audience and the right
environment.

B.Message

A communication in writing, in speech, or by

signals

C.

Receiver

The receiver is simply the person receiving the

message, making sense of it, or understanding
and translating it into meaning.
The receiver is also a communicator. (When
receiver responds, he is then the communicator.)
Communication is only successful when the
reaction of the receiver is that which the
communicator intended.
Effective communication takes place with shared
meaning and understanding.

D. Feedback

Feedback is that reaction I just mentioned. It

can be a verbal or nonverbal reaction or
response. It can be external feedback
(something we see) or internal feedback
(something we cant see), like self-examination.
Its the feedback that allows the communicator
to adjust his message and be more effective.
Without feedback, there would be no way of
knowing if meaning had been shared or if
understanding had taken place.

EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION SKILLS

AND TECHNIQUES
Listening
Articulation

Grammar
Rate Of Speech
Pauses
Inflection
Speech Improvement

Eye Contact
Body Movement
Gestures
Attitude
Enthusiasm
Humour

Listening
An active process of hearing and understanding that
demands concentration and attention..
Be alert to the non-verbal behaviour of your audience.
Articulation
It is simply understandable speech.
Can be achieved in two ways1.Enunciate; speak clearly.
2..Pronunciate; accent syllables and reproduce
consonant and vowel sounds in conformity with the
accepted standard.

Grammar

It concerns the correct usage of spoken or written words.

It is like a code. When you use the code correctly, the message
comes through clearly and quickly.
Rate Of Speech

Neither talk at a slow, plodding rate nor rattle off words

so rapidly that they run together.As a rule, speak fast
enough to be interesting yet slow enough to be
understood.
The normal rate of delivery is 125 to 150 words per
minute.
Slow, ponderous rate-- Force yourself to think faster
so that you can speak faster.
Fast delivery-- Curb your impatience to blurt out ideas.
Take time to make them clear.