Introduction To Field Of

Organizational Behavior
Prof. Kalagi Shah

RMSIisIndiasbestcompanytowork
for-2015

Meaning of Organisations
Social Organisation Family or
community made of members of the
same caste where membership is by
birth.
Work Organisation are created to
accomplish work goals and they are
different criteria for membership.

Organization- Definition

What Managers Do
Managers
Individuals who achieve goals through other
people.
Managerial
ManagerialActivities
Activities
Make
Makedecisions
decisions
Allocate
Allocateresources
resources
Direct
Directactivities
activitiesof
ofothers
others
to
toattain
attaingoals
goals

Management Functions (Henri

Fayol)
Planning
Planning

Organizing
Organizing

Management
Management
Functions
Functions
Controlling
Controlling

Leading
Leading

Management Functions
(contd)
Planning
A process that includes defining
goals, establishing strategy, and
developing plans to coordinate
activities.

Management Functions
(contd)
Organizing
Determining what tasks are to be
done, who is to do them, how the
tasks are to be grouped, who reports
to whom, and where decisions are to
be made.

Management Functions
(contd)
Leading
A function that includes motivating
employees, directing others,
selecting the most effective
communication channels, and
resolving conflicts.

Management Functions
(contd)
Controlling
Monitoring activities to ensure they are
being accomplished as planned and
correcting any significant deviations.

Mintzbergs Managerial Roles

Interpersonal Roles
Figurehead
Leader
Liaison

Informational Roles
Monitor
Disseminator
Spokesman

Decisional Roles
Entrepreneur
Disturbance Handler
Resource Allocator
Negotiator

Mintzbergs Managerial Roles

Mintzbergs Managerial Roles

(contd)

Mintzbergs Managerial Roles

(contd)

Management Skills
Technical skills
The ability to apply specialized
knowledge or expertise.

Human skills
The ability to work with,
understand, and motivate other
people, both individually and in
groups.

Conceptual Skills
The mental ability to analyze and
diagnose complex situations.

Effectiveness & Efficiency

Effectiveness is doing right things
Efficiency is doing things right

Effectiveness & Efficiency

(Conti)
Efficiency refers to doing things in a right

manner. Scientifically, it is defined as the

output to input ratio and focuses on getting
the maximum output with minimum
resources.
Effectiveness, on the other hand, refers to
doing the right things. It constantly
measures if the actual output meets the
desired output

Enter Organizational
Behavior

In other words
Organizational Behavior can be
defined as the
understanding, prediction, and
management of human
behavior in organization.

Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field

OB is an applied behavioral science built on

contributions from a number of behavioral

disciplines, mainly:
Psychology
Social Psychology
Sociology
Anthropology

Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field

(Conti)

Contribution

Behavioral
Science

Unit of
Analysis

Contributing Disciplines to the

Sociology: OB
The Field (contd)
study of people in
relation to their
social environment
or culture.

Concerned with the study of groups, and how

membership of formal and informal groups affects the
behaviour of people.

Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field

(contd)

Contributing Disciplines to the

OB Field (contd)

Challenges and Opportunities for

OB
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Responding to Globalization
Managing Workforce Diversity
Improving Customer Service
Improving People Skills
Stimulating Innovation and Change
Helping Employees Balance Work-Life
Conflicts
Improving Ethical Behavior

1. Responding to Globalization
Increased foreign

assignments
Working with people from
different cultures
Managing people during
the war on terror

2. Managing Workforce Diversity

The people in organizations are becoming more

heterogeneous demographically
Acceptance of diversity
Changing demographics
Changing management philosophy
Recognizing and responding to differences
Major Workforce Diversity Categories
Domes
tic
Partne
rs
Race
NonChristi
an

Disabili
ty

Gende
r
Age
Nation
al
Origin

3. Improving Customer Service and

People Skills

The majority of employees in developed

countries work in service jobsjobs that
require substantive interaction with the
firms customers.
Employee attitudes and behavior are directly
related to customer satisfaction requiring
management to create a customer
responsive culture.
People skills are essential to managerial
effectiveness.
OB provides the concepts and theories that
allow managers to predict employee
behavior in given situations.

4. Stimulating Innovation and

Change
Successful organizations must foster
innovation and the art of change.
Companies that maintain flexibility,
continually improve quality, and beat
their competition to the marketplace
with innovative products and services
will be tomorrows winners.
Employees are critical to an
organizations ability to change and
innovate.

5. Helping Employees Balance

Work-Life Conflicts

The creation of the global workforce means

work no longer sleeps. Workers are on-call
24-hours a day or working non-traditional
shifts.
Communication technology has provided a
vehicle for working at any time or any place.
Employees are working longer hours per
week
The lifestyles of families have changes
creating conflict: more dual career couples
and single parents find it hard to fulfill
commitments to home, children, spouse,
parents, and friends.
Employees want jobs that allow flexibility
and provide time for a life.

6. Improving Ethical Behavior

Playing politics to help with career
advancement, etc.
Organizations are responding to this issue by:
Writing and distributing codes of ethics
Providing in-house advisors
Blowing the whistle on illegal activitiesCreating protection mechanisms for employees
who reveal internal unethical practices
Managers need to create an ethically healthy
environment for employees where they
confront a minimal degree of ambiguity
regarding right or wrong behaviors.