INTRODUCTION TO

TEXTILE

Part 1-3 # Introduction to Textile

Mujahid Mehdi Abro

Indus University Karachi.

What is Textile Engineering?

It is branch of Engineering which deals with study of

textile raw materials, techniques and manufacturing

technologies of textile products, treatments, with
related testing, quality control and management
aspects.
In general, textile refers to any material made of

fibers.
In

other words, the process from

fabric/finished product is called textile.

fiber

to

Pakistan Textiles in the world Production

The textile industry contributes approximately 46 percent to
the total output or 8.5 percent of the country GDP (gross
domestic product).
In Asia, Pakistan is the 8th largest exporter of textile
products providing employment to 38 percent of the work force
in the country.
Pakistans textile industry ranks amongst the top in the
world. Cotton based textiles contribute over 60% to the total
exports

Pakistan Textiles in the world Production

Cotton is the basic Cash crop of Pakistan

Pakistan is the 3rd largest exporter of raw cotton
2nd Largest supplier of cotton yarn with 26% share of the
international market.
Pakistan has the third largest spinning capacity in Asia with a
spinning capacity of 5% of the total world and 7.6% of the
capacity in Asia.

Pakistan Textiles in the world Production

At present, cotton-spinning sector is comprised of 421 textile

units (50 composite units and 371 spinning units) with 10.1
million spindles and 114 thousand rotors in operation with
capacity utilization of 89 percent and 60 percent respectively,
during July-Mar 2007-08
The Pakistan textile industry contributes more than 60
percent (US $ 9.6 billion) to the countrys total exports.

Pakistan Cotton Production

In regard to Pakistan, fourth world producing country.

Top ten cotton producers2014 (In Pakistan 170 Kg average weight/bale)

People's Republic of China
33.0 million bales
India
27.0 million bales
United States
18.0 million bales
Pakistan
10.3 million bales
Brazil
9.3 million bales
Uzbekistan
4.6 million bales
Australia
4.2 million bales
Turkey
2.8 million bales
Turkmenistan
1.6 million bales
Greece
1.4 million bales

Raw material
Raw material is any unprocessed natural
product used in manufacture of any consumer
good. In the case of cotton, raw cotton is the
main raw material.

Processing of cotton
Cotton is the world's most important natural fiber.
In the year 2014, the global yield was 25 million tons from
35 million hectares cultivated in more than 50 countries.
There are six stages:
Cultivating
Picking
Ginning
Spinning
Weaving
Finishing

Cotton Planting in Pakistan

Generally cotton planting in Pakistan is from mid of

March and the crop is picked between August. The

cotton season conventionally starts in Pakistan from
the month of September in each year. The cotton bolls
are usually picked by manual in Pakistan. The cotton
boll is the seed pod of the cotton plant, attached to
each of the thousands of seeds and fibers.

Planting and picking times for cotton, by producing country

The cotton season conventionally starts in Pakistan on the 1st of September each year.

NO OF DAYS REQUIRED FOR THE

GROWTH OF A SEED

Cotton commonly known as white gold is an important cash crop for

Pakistan and majorly grow in the province of Punjab and Sindh.

Locations of cotton Textile Industries

KARACHI
NORIABAD
HYDERABAD
KOTRI
RAHIM YAR KHAN
BAHALWALPUR
MULTAN
MUZZAFFARGARH
KHANEWAL
FAISALABAD
SAHIWAL
BAHALWALNAGAR
LAHORE

Faisalabad as the
second most
favorable textile
centre in Pakistan.

Karachi as the
largest cotton textile
centre in Pakistan.