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Background
1. Domination of two major families of religion in the global
Methodology
The study uses a socio-historical method pioneered by Shailer
Matthew and Shirley Jackson Case.
According to Matthew in his Spiritual Interpretation of History, as
quoted by Roger A. Badham (1998), the basic principle of this
approach is that religion was an integral part of society and
therefore ought to be studied in the context of its social
environment. Al-Quran and Hadith like other Scriptures, did not
simply drop out of the sky, but rather were shaped by an
evolving interaction between culture, politics, and geographic
location. The socio-historical context of the Qur'an in the preIslamic and early Islamic periods should not be ignored.
Understanding this context of the Qur'an requires a detailed
knowledge of the Prophet's life, both in Mecca and Medina, the
spiritual, social, economic, political and legal climate, and the
associated norms, laws, customs, manners, institutions and
values of the region, in particular Hijaz (Abdullah Saeed: 117).
Discussion.
Hinduism in Pre-Islamic Times
Cultural Ties between Arabs and India
1. In Ancient times
Eudaimn Arabia [prosperous Arabia], a
full-ledged city in earlier days, was called
eudaimn when, since vessels from india
did not go on to egypt and those from
egypt did not dare to sail to the places
further on but came only this far, it used to
receive the cargoes of both (Periplus Maris
Erythraei, 26. (trans. L. Casson).
" :
Adab al-Mufrad
RELIGION OF AZ-ZUT
(JATS)
The author of Mujmal at-Tawarikh tells us that by the
Arabs the Hindus are called 'Jatts (az-Zuth). Ibn
Hauqal also informs us that "between Mansura and
Makran.... the inhabitants of the country are the
Indian races called Zats/Jats (Ibn Hauqal: 382).
According to the Encyclopedia of Islam, the Jats of
the lower Indus comprise both Jats and Rajputs,
and the same rule applies to Las-Bela where
descendants of former ruling races like the Sumra
and and Samma of Sindh and the Langah of Multan
are found. At the time of the first appearance of the
Arabs they found the whole of Makran in
possession of Jats (Zutts) (Lewis, ii: 488-9).
Conclusion
History of Hinduism in Arabian Peninsula was related with Indo-Arabs
relations that date back to ancient times as early as 3 rd and 2nd millennia
B.C and continued in Islamic era under the prophet Muhammad and his
companions. The relations between these nations were not only in trade
and commerce but also in religion, culture and social. The proofs to
assert the emergence of Hinduism in the Arabian Peninsula are first, the
existence of the Hindu people especially az-Zuth (Jatts) inhabited in the
Arabs as narrated by Imam al-Bukhari. This fact is also supported by
some hadiths narrated by Aisyah found in Adab al-Mufrad which give a
brief description of Zuths profession as a physician (tabib). Second is
the Prophet Muhammads diplomatic relations with the Hindu king (malik
al-hind) called Cheraman Perumal or Sarbatak. The interesting thing is
the medieval Muslim scholars like Shahrastani and Al-Biruni classify the
Hinduism as Sabeans and has monotheistic in nature, it should be
understood the common ground between the Abrahamic faiths of
Judaism, Christianity, Islam and the Asian religions of Hinduism,
Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, Sikhism, Jainism, Zoroastrianism.