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Airframe components of
Rockets
&
Missiles
Airframe:
o Body Configuration
Divided into three
major sections
Fore Body or Nose
Mid section or
Main body
Aft or Tail Section
Fins
sonic speed.
Selection of shapes is based on aerodynamic
Ogival Forebody:
More frequently used.
Similar to cone except that the planform shape is formed by an
MID SECTION:
Cylindrical in shapes.
Shape is advantageous drag is less,
manufacturing is easy and load carrying
capacity.
BOAT TAIL SECTION:
Tapered portion of the aft section.
Purpose is to decrease the drag of a body.
Boat tailing reduces the base area and thus
decreases the drag.
FINS:
The purpose of putting fins on the rocket is to
AERODYNAMIC SURFACES OF
MISSILES:
1.
SUPERSONIC WING CROSS SECTIONAL SHAPES
The various supersonic wings cross sectional shapes are,
Double wedge
Modified double wedge and
Biconvex
1.
Double wedge :
The double wedge offers a least drag but lacks strength.
2.
The modified double wedge has relatively low drag and comparatively stronger
3. Biconvex:
The biconvex causes considerable drag but it is the strongest of the three
designs. The biconvex shape has a slight advantage in minimum drag for unit
cross sectional strength in addition to the absence of sharp corner. The sharp
corners affect the flow conditions over the surface. The biconvex section also
provides larger wedge angles at the leading and trailing edges.
SUPERSONIC
WING PLAN
(a) CLIPPED TIP DELTA
(b) DELTA (or) TRIANGULAR
FORMS:
(c) RECTANGULAR
(d) RECTAGULAR WITH RAKE
AERODYNAMIC CONTROLS OF A
Aerodynamic control is the connecting link
MISSILE:
ARRAGEMENTS OF CONTROL
SURFACES IN A MISSILE
(a) CONVENTIONAL
(c) V-TAIL
Classification
of
Missiles are generally classified on the basis of their
Type, Launch Mode, Range, Propulsion, Warhead
Missile
and Guidance Systems.
Type:
Cruise Missile
Ballistic Missile
Launch Mode:
Surface-to-Surface Missile
Surface-to-Air Missile
Surface (Coast)-to-Sea Missile
Air-to-Air Missile
Air-to-Surface Missile
Sea-to-Sea Missile
Sea-to-Surface (Coast) Missile
Anti-Tank Missile
Range:
Short Range Missile
Medium Range Missile
Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile
Intercontinental Ballistic Missile
Propulsion:
Solid Propulsion
Liquid Propulsion
Hybrid Propulsion
Ramjet
Scramjet
Cryogenic
Warhead:
Conventional
Strategic
Guidance Systems:
Wire Guidance
Command Guidance
Terrain Comparison Guidance
Terrestrial Guidance
Inertial Guidance
Beam Rider Guidance
Laser Guidance
RF and GPS Reference
(i) Cruise
Missile:
A cruise missile
is an
unmanned selfOn
the
basis
of
Type:
propelled (till the time of impact) guided vehicle that
sustains flight through aerodynamic lift for most of its
flight path and whose primary mission is to place an
ordnance or special payload on a target. They fly within
the earths atmosphere and use jet engine technology.
These vehicles vary greatly in their speed and ability to
penetrate defences. Cruise missiles can be categorised
by size, speed (subsonic or supersonic), range and
whether launched from land, air, surface ship or
submarine.
Depending upon the speed such missiles are classified
as:
1) Subsonic cruise missile
2)Supersonic cruise missile
3)Hypersonic cruise missile
On
the
basis
of
Launch
Surface-to-Surface Missile: A surface-to-surface
missile is a guided projectile launched from a
Mode:
hand-held, vehicle mounted, trailer mounted or
fixed installation. It is often powered by a rocket
motor or sometimes fired by an explosive charge
since the launch platform is stationary.
Surface-to-Air Missile: A surface-to-air missile is