GOVT.

COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
M.Ed 1ST SEM
2016 - 2018
PRESENTATION 2
TOPIC - CONCEPT OF INTELLIGENCE
NAME - SUNEHA KHAJURIA
ROLL NO. - 03-GCE-2016
SUBJECT -PSYCHOLOGICAL FOUNDATION OF
EDUCATION

INTRODUCTIO
N
The word INTELLIGENCE is used in our day-today life situation. Sometimes parents used this
word to label their children.
Sometime teacher find the difference in
physical, social and mental activities of the
students.
Even VEDAS may have several references to
intelligence and the word BUDHI by LORD
KRISHNA in GITA also refers INTELLIGENCE.

MEANING OF INTELLIGENCE
The term INTELLIGENCE comes from
LATIN word coined by CICERO which
means COGNITIVE PROCESSES.
The dictionary meaning of
INTELLIGENCE is THE CAPACITY TO
ACCUMULATE KNOWLEDGE AND PUT IT
INTO USE.
In PSYCHOLOGY this is termed as
INTELLIGENCE; in ancient India our

VERNON
CLASSIFICATION
BIOLOGIC
AL
NATURE

PSYCHOLOGI
CAL NATURE

OPERATIO
NAL
NATURE

1. BIOLOGICAL NATURE: Acc.to VERNON, BIOLOGICAL

meaning of INTELLIGENCE puts emphasis upon the
adaptive nature of human being.
2. PSYCHOLOGICAL NATURE: PSYCHOLOGICAL meaning
of INTELLIGENCE puts emphasis upon mental efficiency
and the capacity for abstract thinking and reasoning.
3. OPERATIONAL NATURE: OPERATIONAL meaning of
INTELLIGENCE puts emphasis upon specific
characteristics of intelligent behaviour and
measurement of these specifications.

FREEMAN CLASSIFICATION

ABILITY TO
ADJUST

ABILITY TO
LEARN

ABILITY TO
CARRY ON
ABSTRACT
THINKING

GLOBAL VIEW
(OPERATIONAL
DEFINITIONS)

ABILITY TO ADJUST
Acc.to STERN." Intelligence is a general
capacity of an individual, consciously to adjust
his thinking to new environment."
Acc.to BINET," Intelligence is the ability of an
individual to direct his behaviour successfully
towards a goal."
This category puts emphasis upon the
adjustment and adaptation of the individual to
his total environment.

ABILITY TO LEARN
Acc.to BUCKINGHAM," Intelligence is the
ability to learn."
Acc.to WOODWORTH," Intelligence is the
ability to acquire knowledge.
According to this category Intelligence is
considered as an individual's ability to learn
.Thus learning ability is the index of one's
Intelligence.

ABILITY TO CARRY ON ABSTRACT

THINKING
Acc.to BURT, "Intelligence is the ability to judge
well, to comprehend well, and to reason well."
Acc. to TERMAN," An individual is intelligent in
proportion as he is able to carry on abstract
thinking."
This category maintains that intelligence is the
ability to carry on abstract thinking and it implies the
use of ideas and efficiency in dealing with people
verbal and numerical symbols.

GLOBAL VIEW OR OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS

The definitions given by STODDARD and WECHSLER are the
operational definitions and are considered to be the best
definitions at present
Acc. to STODDARD," Intelligence is the ability to
undertake activities that are characterized by:
DIFFICULTY
COMPLEXITY
ABSTRACTNESS
ECONOMY
ADAPTIVENESS TO A GOAL
SOCIAL VALUE
EMERGENCE OF ORIGINALS
and to maintain such activities under conditions that
demand a concentration of energy and a resistance to
emotional forces."

Acc. to WECHSLER," Intelligence is the global

or aggregate capacity of the individual to
think rationally, to act purposefully and to
deal effectively with his environment."
Each definitions is independent of itself and
exposed to criticism. But however the
definition of DAVID WECHSLER (1944) is
considered to be more comprehensive to
work in real life situations.

CONCLUSION
INTELLIGENCE is the ability to
learn, to perceive
relationship, to reason out
and to apply once knowledge
to new problem. The level of
intelligence helps the
individual in the learning of
new things and making
adjustments.