INPLANT TRAINING II

By
Name:
Reg. No.: 1011310
at
PWD BADAUN UTTAR PRADESH

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

SRM UNIVERSITY

PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT- AN

OVERVIEW
Public Works Department
(PWD), under the Ministry of Public Works
department, is the pioneer in construction arena of Uttar Pradesh.
It plays a pivotal role in the implementation of government construction
projects
To accelerate the construction of bridges in the state, Uttar Pradesh State
Bridge Corporation was founded in 1973.
In year 2004-05, Uttar Pradesh state highways authority was established
to overcome with problem of pavements in state.

PWD UTTAR PRADESH

PROJECT BACKGROUND
The road connects Bareily to Badaun by a 45km stretch
of road.
The road passes through plain/cultivated land on either
side.
There is no steep gradient/rise and fall/sharp curves.
All the curves are well defined and having smooth radius
of curvature.
The sight distance is excellent on curves due to plain
area.

ROAD SPECIFICATION

(a)
Formation width
12.00m
(b) Carriage way
7.00m
(c) Berm/Shoulder (either side)
1.50 m
(d) Gradient
(i) Ruling
1 in 30
(ii) Limiting
1in 20
(iii) Exceptional
1 in 15

PWD CONSISTS OF FOLLOWING

DEPARTMENTS
UP State Bridge Corporation: To accelerate the construction of bridges in the state in
1973, the corporation was established.
State Highway Authority by the state government in
2004-05 for construction of state roads with private
collaboration the Authority has been set up.
Uttar Pradesh Government Construction
Corporation: - Building activities and use of modern
technology to accelerate the construction of this
corporation was established in 1975.

HIGHWAYS
Development of a country depends on the connectivity of various

places with adequate road network.

Roads constitute the most important mode of communication in
areas where railways have not developed much.
India has one of the largest road networks in the world (over 3
million km at present).For the purpose of management and
administration, roads in India are divided into the following five
categories:

National Highways (NH)

State Highways (SH)
Major District Roads (MDR)
Other District Roads (ODR)
Village Roads (VR)

OTHER CLASSIFICATION
STRUCTURAL
CLASSIFICATION
EarthRoads
GravelRoads
KankarRoads
MoorumRoads
Waterboundmacadamroads
BituminousRoads
Cementconcreteroads

CLASSIFICATION BASED ON
WIDTH OF CARRIAGE WAYS OR
NUMBER OF LANES
Singlelaneroads-3.75m
Twolaneroads
Withoutraisedkerbs-7.0m
Withraisedkerbs-7.5m
Multilaneroads
CLASSIFICATION BASED ON
PAVEMENTS
Pavedroadseg.Bituminousroads
Unpavedroadseg.Earthroads

ADMINISTRATIVE CLASSIFICATION OF ROADS

Status of Road Network
In India

Position of India In
World Road
Network

BASIC TERMS

CARRIAGE WAY
SHOULDERS
CAMBER
WIDTH OF ROADWAY
RIGHT OF WAY RIGHT
SIGHT DISTANCE

CROSS SECTION OF A ROAD WAY

CAMBER
A slight downward curve from the middle to the sides
of a surface (such as a road)
PERCENTAGE OF CAMBER- 2%
PURPOSE OF CAMBER

KERB
Alineofstoneorconcreteforminganedgebetweena
pavementandaroadway,sothatthepavementissome15cm
abovetheleveloftheroad.

SHOULDER
Itisthesideoftheroad.Sometimesitispaved.Sometimesitis
gravel.Sometimesitisdirtorgrass.

TYPES OF PAVEMENTS
There are various types of pavements depending upon the materials used; a
briefs description of all types is given here-

FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT
Bitumen has been widely used in the construction of flexible pavements for a
long time. This is the most convenient and simple type of construction. The
cost of construction of single lane bituminous pavement varies from 20 to 30
lakhs per km in plain area.
Flexible pavement have

Have low flexural strength

Load is transferred by grain to grain contact
Have low completion cost but repairing cost is high
Have low life span (High Maintenance Cost)

Typical layers of a flexible pavement

Typical layers of a flexible pavement

Prime Coat
Primecoatisanapplicationoflowviscouscutbackbitumen
to an absorbent surface like granular bases on which binder
layer is placed. It provides bonding between two layers.
Unlike tack coat, prime coat penetrates into the layer below,
plugsthevoids,andformsawatertightsurface.
Surface course
Surface course is the layer directly in contact with traffic
loads and generally contains superior quality materials. They
are usually constructed with dense graded asphalt
concrete(AC).

Typical layers of a flexible pavement

It
provides
characteristics
such
as
friction,
smoothness, drainage, etc. Also it will prevent the
entrance of excessive quantities of surface water into
the underlying base, sub-base and sub-grade, It must
be tough to resist the distortion under traffic and
provide a smooth and skid- resistant riding surface, It
must be water proof to protect the entire base and
sub-grade from the weakening effect of water.

Binder course
This layer provides the bulk of the asphalt concrete
structure. It's chief purpose is to distribute load to the
base course The binder course generally consists of
aggregates having less asphalt and doesn't require
quality as high as the surface course, so replacing a
part of the surface course by the binder course results

Typical layers of a flexible pavement

Base course
Thebasecourseisthelayerofmaterialimmediatelybeneaththesurfaceof
bindercourseanditprovidesadditionalloaddistributionandcontributesto
the sub-surface drainage It may be composed of crushed stone, crushed
slag,andotheruntreatedorstabilizedmaterials.

Sub-Base course
The sub-base course is the layer of material beneath the base course and
theprimaryfunctionsaretoprovidestructuralsupport,improvedrainage,
and reduce the intrusion of fines from the sub-grade in the pavement
structureIfthebasecourseisopengraded,thenthesub-basecoursewith
morefinescan serveas a filler betweensub-grade andthe basecourseA
sub-base course is not always needed or used. For example, a pavement
constructedoverahighquality,stiffsub-grademaynotneedtheadditional
features offeredbya sub-basecourse. Insuch situations, sub-base course
maynotbeprovided.

Typical layers of a flexible pavement

Sub-grade

Thetopsoilorsub-gradeisalayerofnatural
soil prepared to receive the stresses from the
layersabove.Itisessentialthatatnotimesoil
sub-grade is overstressed. It should be
compacted to the desirable density, near the
optimummoisturecontent.

Rigid pavements
Rigid pavements have sufficient flexural
strength to transmit the wheel load
stresses to a wider area below.
Compared to flexible pavement, rigid
pavements are placed either directly on
the prepared sub-grade or on a single
layer of granular or stabilized material.
Since there is only one layer of material
between the concrete and the sub-grade,
this layer can be called as base or subbase course.

SUBGRADE LAYER
SPREADING & LEVELING

COMPATION OF SUBGRADE
I LAYER :200mm

II ,III LAYER :150mm

Sub Base Layer

FINISHING OF SURFACE(ROLLING)

BITUMINUS LAYER
MATERIAL
MIXING
SPREADING

CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT

BULLDOZER

CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT

COMPACTOR

CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT

ROAD ROLLER

CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT

SHOVEL

THANK

YOU