Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
ID.NO.
BDU0901121PR
BDU0901135PR
SUBMMITED TO Dr. BIZUAYEHU
BACTERIAL GENOME
ATLAS BACMAP
INTRODUCTION
Introduction
A genome can be more than one DNA molecule.
Approximately 10% of the bacterial genomes
sequenced so far have more than one chromosome.
By definition a genome includes all chromosomes (and
plasmids) that constitute an organisms total DNA.
Chromosomes are essential, single-copy,
independently replicating DNA molecules present in
each member of
the species. Some species contain plasmids; these are
frequently strain-specific and sometimes (incorrectly, in
our opinion) omitted from a genome sequence.
Contd
Visualization of Genomic
Data: The Genome Atlas
CONTD
Contd
contd
The DNA structural features of the three outermost
circles
are based on the physical chemical properties of the
DNA helix. The annotated genes are given
in blue for protein-coding genes oriented clockwise, and
red for genes on the other strand
(counterclockwise). The tRNA and rRNA genes have
their own color. The clockwise strand
corresponds with the sequence stored in GenBank
(genes on the other strand are annotated as
complement in there).
CONTD
This means the majority of bacterial DNA codes for
genes, which mostly are not spliced so that introns
are absent (with very few exceptions).
However, not every open reading frame is a gene,
and it appears that many bacterial genomes are overannotated, predicting 1015% more genes than are
real (Skovgaard et al.,2001).
These over-annotated genes are frequently short
open reading frames.
THANK YOU!!!