Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Guido Vanderseypen
Employment Strategy Unit, DG Employment, Social
Affairs & Equal Opportunities, European Commission
CICERO FOUNDATION PARIS 24 FEBRUARY 2006
Commission europenne
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European social model under debate
Commission europenne
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The need for reform
increasingly recognised
Unemployment at a socially unacceptable
level
EU lagging behind in terms of GDP per capita,
employment and productivity
Industrial restructuring gathering pace
Low innovation record and job creation
Workforce will decline (~ 2015)
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EU performance 1999-2004 (US=100)
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R&D expenditure as % of GDP
(US:2.8%; target : 3%)
4,5
Target 2010 (CY, LV 2008; IE 2013; UK 2014) - NL, PL aim at a 'top 5' position 2004 (ES, IT, LU, PT, UK 2003)
4,0
3,5
>3%
3,0
2,5
2,0
1,5
1,0
0,5
0,0
BE CZ DK DE EE GR ES FR IE IT CY LV LT LU HU MT NL AT PL PT SI SK FI SE UK EU-
25
Source: Eurostat, Structural Indicators, Innovation & Research - OECD
Commission europenne
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The case for EU policy
coordination
Single market / EMU
synergy between growth and employment (GSP)
EU financing (ESF 2000-2006 6.3 bln)
However :
Treaty limitations (limited regulatory power)
Subsidiarity and diversity of social systems
=> Europe is only part of the solution
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Lisbon Agenda
Lisbon objective (2000) : to become the most
competitive and dynamic knowledge-based
conomy in the world capable of sustainable
economic growth with more and better jobs and
greater social cohesion
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The European Employment Strategy
The European Employment Strategy (EES) has coordinated
Member States' employment policies since 1997 through:
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Overview of employment
performances (1997-2002)
Lower structural rates of unemployment, long-term
unemployment and spells of unemployment
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Does the EES work ? (recent evidence > 2002)
Commission europenne
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Employment rates EU
Pace of progress
since 1997
Low Close to average High
Rates
in 2004 (%)
Explanation: Pace of progress is defined as the percentage point change in the employment rate between 1997 and 2004:
a) Low progress: the employment rate increased below the EU25 average minus half of the (un-weighted) standard deviation
b) Close to average: the employment rate increased inside a band of one standard deviation centred on the EU25 average
c) High progress: the employment rate increased above the EU25 average plus half of the (un-weighted) standard deviation
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Weaknesses of original Lisbon
Strategy (LISBON I)
ca. 10 parallel OMC's with parallel reporting ("burocracy")
Too many priorities and targets, sometimes conflicting or
overlapping
Lack of national ownership (EU level targets) and
communication about the benefits of reforms
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The renewed Lisbon Strategy
(LISBON II)
aimed at better implementation (national and EU partnership)
focus on growth and jobs => integration of Treaty based
processes (BEPGs and EGs)
3 year stability
single reporting (National Reform Programmes) reviewed annually
Community Lisbon Programme (20 July 2005), setting out action
at EU level (Financial Framework 2007-'013, Innovation Action Plan,
better regulation e.g. state aid -, Services directive)
http://europa.eu.int/growthandjobs/index_fr.htm
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Broad Economic Policy Guidelines (2005-'08)
16 Guidelines covering inter alia
sound public finances (Growth Stab. Pact)
sustainable pension and public health services
public finances reoriented to employment
wages in line with macro economic stability
increase R&D investment to 3% of GDP
facilitate innovation, and use of ICT
reduced administrative burden
promotion of entrepreneurship
European infrastructure (Internal Market)
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The new Employment Guidelines (2005-2008)
(17) To implement employment policies aimed at achieving full employment, improving
quality and productivity at work, and strengthening social and territorial cohesion
ATTRACT AND RETAIN MORE PEOPLE IN EMPLOYMENT, INCREASE LABOUR SUPPLY AND
MODERNISE SOCIAL PROTECTION SYSTEMS
(21) To promote flexibility combined with employment security and reduce labour market
segmentation
(22) To ensure employment-friendly wage and other labour cost developments
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The EES and Lisbon II
Lisbon
Sustainable
Development
Macro-economic policy coordination
stability and growth pact, monetary policy Strategy
Micro-economic reforms
industrial policy, innovation and R&D, reforms
in product, service and financial markets
Commission europenne
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Results of the first Lisbon "round"
Member States have drawn up NRPs with
clear priorities and synergies
Focus on employment participation and LLL
Weaknesses: lack of interest for adaptability
Mixed : partnership and budget provision
Significant progress on the Community Lisbon
programme (financial perspectives, services
directive, REACH)
Commission europenne
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Follow up actions (1) Hampton Court
increased investment in higher education
(from 1.28% of GDP to 2% in 2010)
all MS to set up "one-stop shops" to assist
entrepreneurs and efforts to cut red tape
by 2007
new energy initiative
delivering jobs in the face of globalisation
and ageing
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Follow up actions (2) delivering jobs
every young person to be offered a job,
apprenticeship or training within 100 days
by 2010
greater effort to meet childcare targets
concentrate on training for people over 45
a new agenda on flexicurity (extraordinary
social summit)
Commission europenne
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