FILIPINO

REVOLTS
against spain
Filipino Revolts against Spain
In 1521 1898, in Often with the goal of
the Philippines there re-establishing the
were several revolts right and powers that
against the Spanish had traditionally
colonial government belonged to Lumad
by indigenous Moro, Timueys, Maginoo
Lumad, Indians, Rjah and Moro Datus.
Chinese and
Insulares (Mestisos).
Causes of Revolts
Causes of Revolts
Desire to Regain the Lost Freedom of their
Ancestors
Abuses of Spanish Encomenderos
Religious Intolerance of Spanish Authorities
The Hated Tribute and Oppressive Forced Labor
(Residence Tax)
Land Grabbing by the Friars
Basi Monopoly
Filipino
Libertarians
Lakandula and Sulayman
1574
The kings of Manila (Sulayman) and Tondo
(Lakandula) made a pact of peace with
Adelantado Legazpi. They remained loyal to
Spain even though they lost their kingdoms
After Legazpis death on August 20, 1572, his
successor Governor Guido de Lavezares
confiscated their lands and abused and
oppressed their people
Lakandula and Sulayman
Captain Salcedo,
grandson of
Legazpi,
persuaded the
kings to stop their
uprising against
Lavezares
Lavezares Sulayman Monument
restored peace
and friendship
Tamblot Revolt
1621 1622
A Filipino Babaylan (priest) from Bohol,
convinced the people to return their Pagan
religion/faith; and
Convinced them that the time has come when,
in as much as they were assured of they would
free themselves from oppression of the
Spaniards
2,000 Boholanos joined him and began their
uprising
Tamblot Revolt
During his revolt, the officials of Bohol were in
Cebu for the Beatification of St. Xavier they
knew about the revolt and rushed to Bohol
suppressed by government troops led by Alcalde
Mayor Juan de Alcazaro with 500 Spaniards and
1,000 Cebuano soldiers
Tamblot and his followers were crushed and
Cebuano soldiers gave victory to Spain
Tamblot Revolt

An
artist's
concepti
on of
Tamblot'
s Bathala
Hermano Pule
1840 1841
From Bamio Pandakan, Lukban, Tayabas
(Quezon)
Born Apolinario dela Cruz
He went to Manila to enter the religious order
but was not allowed because he was a native;
instead
He worked instead at the Hospital listening to
the sermons of the church
Hermano Pule
He founded the Cofradia de San Jose
(Confraternity of St. Joseph);
(The Spanish officials did not allow any other religion to Governor
General Marcelino de Oraci Zecumberti banned his organization
because it is a form of heresy)
He recruited 4,000 men and armed them with
bolos and amulets and encamped the foot of Mt.
Banohaw
He appointed Octavio Ignacio de San Jorge
(Purgatorio) as the leader of his army
Hermano Pule
October 1841 At Alitao, near Mt.
Cristobal, the government troops
attacked their camp and killed
many followers including old,
women and children
November 4, 1843 Hermano
Pule was executed in Tayabas. But
this was not the end of the story
(Many Filipino soldiers secretly planned to take
revenge on the hated Spaniards)
Francisco Manigao Revolt
1660
Valiant Warlord
He was from Mexico,
Pampanga
3 Reasons for leading his
people to revolt:
1. The love for freedom (general pardon
to all the rebels)
2. The frequent recruitment of men to
cut timber in the mountains for
galleon-building
3. The oppressive Bandala system
Francisco Manigao Revolt
They began by burning their houses and swore
to fight for freedom
They closed the rivers to stop commerce in
Manila
They sent letters to the people of Pangasinan
and Ilocos to tell the people to fight
It became weak because Juan Macapagal,
powerful chief, remained loyal to Spain but the
revolt succeeded
Sumuroy Revolt
1649 1650
Juan Ponce Sumuroy
Governor Giego Fajardo, ordered
the visayan alcade mayor to send
men to work in Cavite naval
shipyards; The visayan men hated
this order because they dont want
to leave their homes and family
A native of Palapag, Samar led
them in an armed revolt
Sumuroy hated the system of Polo or Forced labor (He
set-up a free government in the mountains of Samar
Sumuroy Revolt
In July 1650, Governor Fajardo of Zamboanga
heard of this. So, he sent his best Spanish-
Filipino forces to Samar
The battle lasted for a year and Sumuroy won several fights
June 1, 1649 the uprising began and they
killed the parish priest (because on those days Spanish
priests was like the government)
A surprise attack of the Spanish-Filipino forces
ended the revolt
Sumuroy was captured and later executed
Diego Silang ReVolt
1762 - 1763
One of the greatest heroes of Ilocandia
A trusted mail carrier
When the British captured Manila in
1762. Diego realized the Spanish
government was weakened and he
decided to plan a revolt
He requested to abolish the tribute
He organized the Ilocanos to fight with
the British force
He was arrested and called the Ilocanos
to Action
Diego Silang ReVolt
He removed the alcade mayor, the rest of the
abusive Spaniards in Vigan, Ilocos Norte
December 14, 1762 he established Vigan as
the Capital of his independent government
Spanish forces were getting weak so they
offered money to whoever can will him
In May 28, 1763, Miguel Vicos and Pedro
Becbec, who were close friends of Diego carried
out the assassination at the Casa Real in Vigan
Diego Silang ReVolt
Miguel Vicos shot Diego in the back
His last words were: Matayakon,
Gabriela (I am dying, Gabriela)
Gabriela Silang took over the revolt
started by Diego
She won many battles
She was called Joan of Arc the
Ilocos
She was defeated and executed at
Vigan on September 10, 1763
Francisco Dagohoy Revolt
174 4 1829
Fr. Gaspar Morales, a Jesuit priest ordered
Sagariro (Dagohoys brother) who was a
policeman, to capture a man who had
abandoned his Christian religion
The man resisted and in the duel, Sagariro got
killed
Fr. Morales refused to give Sagariro a Christian
burial
Dagohoy was banned from the church
Francisco Dagohoy Revolt
Dagohoy established a free government in the
mountains with 20,000 followers
20 Spanish government generals failed to stop
this rebellion
In 1829, the rebellion stopped and the 19,000
survivors were pardoned and allowed to live to
new villages
(Batuan, Bililihan, Cablao, Catigoian, Vilar)
Dagohoy will be remembered as the leader of
the longest Filipino revolt which lasted for 85
years
Francisco Dagohoy Revolt
1827, Governor Manuel
Ricafort ordered 2,200 Spanish
troops to attack the Bohol
patriots (but failed)
1828 1829 another attack
were made. After years of
fighting the patriots were
finally defected.
Dagohoy died 2 years before Dagohoy's Commemorative
the Filipino patriots were Bust
Moro Resistance
The Muslims in Mindanao (Zamboanga and Sulu) revolted
against the Spaniards. They were never conquered.

Most united groups were the Muslims

They were bound by Islam
Continuous Military expeditions failed to subdue
them
They fought back by raiding the coastal towns
under Spain
First Pampanga Revolt
The abuses of Spanish encomenderos started
this rebellion
Some brave Pampangueno leaders plotted with
the people in Manila to enter Intramuros and kill
all the Spanish officials there
But it didnt succeed because a native Filipina
married to a Spanish soldier reported it to
Spanish authorities
The masterminds were arrested and executed
Revolt against the Tribute
1589
Cagayan and Ilocos
Abuse of the tribute collectors
They killed many Spaniards
Government Santiago de Vera pacified the
rebel patriots; He pardoned many of them and
improve their tax system
Agrarian Revolt
1745 1746
Filipino landowners in Batangas, Bulacan, Cavite
and Laguna revolted against Spanish rule
Land grabbing by Spaniards who took over their
ancestral lands
Lian and Nasugbu the first spark of revolt
The Filipinos burned the ranches of the priests
After some battles, the leaders were shot and exiled; others were
pardoned after they surrendered
Agrarian Revolt
King Philip IV ordered
the priest to return the
stolen land to the Filipinos
(but they appealed and
later won)
During American Era,
American authorities
bought the friar lands
owned by religious orders.
The land were subdivided
Basi Revolt
1807
Headed by Pedro Ambrosio
also called Ambariso Revolt
It is called the Universal Revolt because it was
all about the love for a homemande wine from
sugarcane called Basi
1786 the Spanish government took over the
making and selling of wine
September 28, 1207 the rebels were defeated
by Superior Spanish Power
Magat Salamat Revolt
1587 1588
Son of Lakandula
Plans to bring Japanese warriors and weapons to
drive the Spanish out
but, Pedro Sarmiento discovered the plot
through Magats friend, Antonio Surabao and
immediately warned the Spanish authorities
The leaders were captured and executed
Magalat Revolt
1596
He and his brother urged the people of Cagayan
to overthrow Spanish race during the term of
Governor General Francisco Tello
The revolt was put down and the rebellious
brothers were kept in Manila as exiles
The Dominican Missionaries of Cagayan
persuaded the governor Tello to patron them
then the governor allowed them to return home
Magalat Revolt
Soon, he once more incited the people to
rebellion
The Spaniards resorted to assassination which
ended his revolt
He was murdered in his own house
It was the first assassination in the Philippine
history
Igorot Revolt
1601
The Igorots revolted in defense of their Pagan
gods
They killed Fr. Estehan Marin, Spanish
Missionary
Captain Mateo de Arauda suppressed the
revolt
Gaddang Revolt
Due to the abuses of the Spanish authorities
Cagayan Valley
Felipe Catabay and Gabriel Dayag
Fr. Pedro de Santo Tomas persuaded the
Gaddangs to lay down their weapons
Pedro Ladias Revolt
1643
He was a Bornean who claimed descent from
Raja Matanda
He urged the people of Malolos to fight against
the Spanish oppresions and enthrone him as
King of the Tagalogs
Fr. Cristobal Enriquez a parish priest from
Malolos, reported Ladias plans to the authorities
even before the rebel could take the first step
He was captured and executed in Manila
Andres Malong Revolt
1744 1829
A military leader who was inspired by Maniago
He led the revolt in Pangasinan
He proclaimed himself as King of Pangasinan
However his kingdom was short lived because
soon most of his forces abandoned him enabling
the Spanish forces to capture him and
subsequently executed him
Later, Juan de la Cruz, a native of Binalatongan,
led a renewal of revolt
Why the Revolts failed?
Absence of National Archipelagic Nature
Consciousness of the Philippines
Regional Hostility Prevented a Steady
Communication in
Superiority of
the Provinces
Spanish Arms
Luck of Leaders to
The Betrayal and
Unite the Whole
Assassinations of
Archipelago
Rebel Leaders
Divide et Impera
Divide and Conquer
The Spaniards divided the country into smaller
states so that it will be easier to manage, rule and
conquer when an uprising occurs