Stone Crushers

Presentation By:-Ashish Chavan

Roll No-201025
Div.:-01
Batch:-A2
 Uses of stone in building
construction

Millions of tones of crushed rock are needed annually for road

base, paving, ready-mixed concrete and asphalt.
Basalt: It is quarried and crushed as "Blue Metal" which is used
as a road-base, and in reinforced concrete as aggregate.
Material for foundation and walls of buildings, dams, bridges, etc.
Limestone for burning lime and for the manufacture of Portland
cement
Marble is widely used in construction industry, for aesthetic
purposes, beautification and strength
 As we discussed different uses of stones, one of the
most important is the use of BASALT rock.
Basalt rock is used abundantly in building construction.
Basalt is a common extrusive igneous (volcanic) rock
formed from the rapid cooling of basaltic lava exposed
at or very near the surface of the planet.
Basalt is excavated from the Earths crust by mining.
Commonly such type of mining areas which are used to
excavate basalt rock is called as stone quarry.
Stone Quarry
 Stone Boulders after mining
Now, These stone boulders need to be crushed into the desired sizes for the use in construction purposes.
And this task is carried out by the stone crushers.
Mostly 9mm-20mm basalt rock is used for concrete and the asphalt mix
 Types Of Stone Crushers
Type Hardness Abrasion limit Moisture content Reduction ratio Main use

Heavy mining,
Dry to slightly wet, Quarried materials,
Jaw crushers Soft to very hard No limit 3/1 to 5/1
not sticky sand & gravel,
recycling

Dry to slightly wet, Heavy mining,

Gyratory crushers Soft to very hard Abrasive 4/1 to 7/1
not sticky Quarried materials

Medium hard to very Quarried materials,

Cone crushers Abrasive Dry or wet, not sticky 3/1 to 5/1
hard Sand & gravel

Medium hard to very Mine, Building

Compound crusher Abrasive Dry or wet, not sticky 3/1 to 5/1
hard Materials
Quarried materials,
Horizontal shaft
Soft to medium hard Slightly abrasive Dry or wet, not sticky 10/1 to 25/1 sand & gravel,
impactors
recycling
Vertical shaft
Medium hard to very Sand & gravel,
impactors (shoe and Slightly abrasive Dry or wet, not sticky 6/1 to 8/1
hard recycling
anvil)
Vertical shaft
Quarried materials,
impactors Soft to very hard No limit Dry or wet, not sticky 2/1 to 5/1
sand & gravel
(autogenous)

Mineral sizers Hard to soft Abrasive Dry or wet and sticky 2/1 to 5/1 Heavy mining
Jaw Crusher
Of all the types of
crushers mentioned
previously, The jaw
crusher is mostly
commonly used in stone
quarry. Storage Bin
Vibrating screen
The mechanism Jaw crusher
includes:-

Impact Crusher
Circular Vibrating screen
Belt Conveyor
 Vibrating Feeder
Firstly, the big raw material will be put onto the vibrating feeder by the truck or

excavator, then the materials will be put into the cavity of the jaw crusher
evenly under the stable vibration of vibrating feeder.
The Vibrating feeder then supplies the material to the jaw
crusher, where it gets crushed into small boulders.
In order to achieve the goal of small-sized final product,
Crushing of the materials which have been crushed by jaw
crusher is needed.
 Main Components of a Jaw
Crusher
Fixed Jaw
It is made of cast iron, and remains stationary.

Moving It is also made of cast iron, But shows to and fro rotations.
Jaw

Rotational energy of the motor is conveyed to the flywheel through

Flywheel
conveyer belt and then to the shaft.

This shaft converts the rotational moment into linear moment and bring
Eccentric
Shaft the to and fro moment of moving jaw.

Groove
Its consists of different gear and spring mechanism, which holds all the
box
assembly parts in position.
 After the stone is crushed by the jaw crusher, it
is feed to the impact crusher.
The feed to be supplied to the impact crusher
depends upon the rock.
Theimpact crusheris a machine which works
with shock principle, the materials in the
crushing chamber suffer a high speed crush
from the high-speed rotating hammer, the
crushed materials rush over to the impact plate
and coming back again, this process will repeat
until the products satisfied the requirements
Impact Crusher
Working of Impact Crusher
 CONVEYOR BELT
After the rock being crushed by the impact crusher, its is carried
over to a vibratory screen with the help on conveyor belt.
A conveyor system is used for this purpose.
It consists of following parts:-
1. Two or more pulleys
2. Endless circular belt
3. Rotating motor
 Vibratory Screen
After the stone is crushed, it gets crushed into different sizes.
The segregation of the stone according to the size is needed.
This is carried out by use of vibrating screen.
Vibrating screen consists of different sieve as per the use,
These sieve keep on vibrating with a constant speed.
And thus the stones with different sizes are segregated.
The stones of different sizes are either dumped in form of
lumps with the
Size use of conveyor belt, or
In mm stored
Local Namein containers.
12-20mm Aggregate
10mm Greet
4-5mm Dust
 COSTING
A] Fixed Capital
InvestmentItems
Sr. No Cost(In
lakhs)
Sub-Total(In
lakhs)
A Crusher & Screen
Jaw Crusher (20 x 12) 2.50
Jaw Crusher (16 x 9) 2.00
Vibratory Screen 1.20
Handling Material Eqpt:
Belt Conveyors (tyre) 0.25 12.00
Motors 0.30
Structural 1.50
Miscellaneous electrical, starters 1.00
Miscellaneous Structural, chutes etc. 2.00
Lab & office equipment 1.25

B Transportation vehicles
(Minimum) 4.00 13.00
2 Tractors 9.00
2 Dumpers
C DG set 62 KVA (Captive Power 3.00 3.00
Generation)
B] Annual Operation
Cost:- 1} Electricity Consumption
Belt Conveyor 15HP
Crusher 45
Screen 10
Miscellaneous, Lightings 5
Total 75
Operating Cost @ Rs 4.50 = Rs 252/- per hr
Cost/Ton = 2.8 KWh/ton or Rs 12/ton

2} Man power
Rs 1,28,500 / 6000 Tons (Rs 21/- per ton)
3} Royalty costs
Rs 5/- per ton of stone crushed
4} Transportation cost (diesel cost)
Rs. 2/- per ton
5} Miscellaneous cost (spares, maintenance & others)
Rs. 5 Lakhs per year = Rs.10/Ton(avg.)
 References
General Information
Wikipedia
Details Of Costing
India Mart
Statistical Data
Comprehensive Industrial Document on Stone
Crusher
Thank You