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2.0
2.0 HVAC
2.1 General 2.1.3 Air-Conditioning
Standards
2.1 General 2.1.1 Definition of Air-
Conditioning 1.Cooling and De-humidifying
2.2 Refrigeration for summer cooling, temperatures of 68
Cycle deg to 74 deg F and 50% relative
the simultaneous control of the humidity are a frequent design average.
2.3 Types of Air- temperature, humidity, motion and
Conditioning purity of the air in a confined space. 2. Heating and Humidifying
Systems for winter cooling, temperatures of 70 deg
2.4 Air-Conditioning
2.1.2 Functions or to 75 deg F and relative humidity of 30%
to 35% are found most satisfactory.
Equipment Elements of Air-
Conditioning 3. Air Motion
2.5 Heating Systems air velocity should average 4.57 to 7.6
1. Cooling and de-humidifying of air meters per min measured 36 above the
2.6 Provisions in floor.
the NBC 2. Heating or humidifying of air
Concerning HVAC 3. Cleaning of air or filtration
4. Air Supply
4. Circulation of air a. 5 cuft to 7-1/2 cuft of air per minute per
person (5-71/2 cuft/min/pers). In rooms
where smoking is not allowed
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
2.0 HVAC
2.2 Refrigeration *Freon - refrigerant used for cooling.
Mechanical refrigeration is based upon the
Cycle alternate liquefying and evaporating of a volatile
liquid with a low boiling point usually Freon 12
2.1 General (Dichlorodiflouromethane) or Freon 11
1. Freon* is a gas at normal temperature (Trichloromonoflouromethane) during which
2.2 Refrigeration and pressure. It is first subjected to high processes it respectively gives off and takes in
Cycle pressure in a compressor which raises its heat. The desirable properties of Freon are: a)
boiling point and temperature. high heat of vaporization; b) moderate pressure
change for low to high temperature range; c)
2.3 Types of Air- non-toxic; d) incombustible; e) non-explosive;
Conditioning 2. At the same high pressure, the vapor is and f) non-corrosive.
Systems piped into condenser coils where it is
cooled by water to a degree below its
2.4 Air-Conditioning liquefaction point. It condenses into a
Equipment liquid state and still under high pressure,
passes to the evaporator.
3. In the evaporator, the pressure is
2.5 Heating Systems
relieved by the suction stroke of the
compressor. The boiling point of the
2.6 Provisions in
liquid refrigerant drops and evaporation
the NBC into a vapor takes place. The water
Concerning HVAC which surrounds the evaporator coils
gives up its heat in causing the
vaporization at low pressure, thus
reducing its temperature to the
temperature of the refrigerant. The cold
water can then be piped at this low
temperature to any desired point and
sprayed to cool the passing air. The
refrigerant is sucked back into the
compressor and the cycle recommences
2.0 HVAC
2.3 Types of Air-
Conditioning Systems
2.1 General
1. Central Systems
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle All-Season Centralized Air
Conditioning System consists of
2.3 Types of Air-
Conditioning the following:
Systems
a. A method of cooling,
a refrigeration plant
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment b. A source of heating
such as a boiler or
2.5 Heating Systems furnace
e. The necessary
manual or automatic
controls
2.0 HVAC
2. Split Type Air Conditioning
System
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.4 Air-Conditioning
AHU
Equipment
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
2.0 HVAC
2.4 Air-Conditioning 2. Condensers
Equipment
a) Air-cooled Condensers
2.1 General
used in unit and packaged-type air-
2.4.1 The Refrigeration conditioners up to 3 tons
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle Plant refrigeration.
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
2.0 HVAC
2.4.6 Control Equipment 2. Actuating or Operating Devices
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
2.0 HVAC
2.5.2 Steam Heating
System
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
1. Air-Vent System (One-Pipe
2.3 Types of Air- Gravity System)
Conditioning
Systems
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
2. Vacuum System (Two-pipe
Steam Heating System)
2.0 HVAC
2.5.4 Hot Water Heating
System
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
2.0 HVAC
2.6 Provisions in the Capacity of Works, Project or
Plant
NBC Concerning The total horsepower of all engines,
2.1 General HVAC motors, turbines or other prime movers
installed, whether in operation or not.
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle 2.6.1 Definitions
Compressor
A mechanical device for the purpose of
2.3 Types of Air- Accidental Contact increasing the pressure upon the
Conditioning Any inadvertent physical contact with refrigerant.
Systems power transmission equipment, prime
movers, machines or machine parts Condenser
2.4 Air-Conditioning which could result from slipping, falling, A vessel or arrangement of pipes or
Equipment sliding, tripping or any other unplanned tubing in which vaporized refrigerant is
action or movement. liquefied by the removal of heat.
2.5 Heating Systems
Air Conditioning Condemned Boiler or Unfired
2.6 Provisions in The process of treating air so as to
the NBC Pressure Vessel
control simultaneously its temperature,
Concerning HVAC A boiler or unfired pressure vessel that
humidity, cleanliness and distribution to
has been inspected by the Building
meet the requirements of the conditioned Official and declared unsafe or
space. disqualified and power stamped or
marked designating its rejection.
Boiler
A closed vessel for heating water or for
application of heat to generate steam or
other vapor to be used externally or to
itself.
2.0 HVAC
Crane External Inspection
Means a machine for lifting or lowering a An inspection made on boiler during
load and moving it horizontally, the operation.
2.1 General hoisting mechanism being an integral part
of the machine. Guarded
2.2 Refrigeration Shielded, fenced or otherwise protected
Cycle Duct by means of suitable enclosure guards,
A passageway made of sheet metal or covers or standard railings, so as to
2.3 Types of Air- other suitable material not necessarily preclude the possibility of accidental
Conditioning leak tight, for conveying air or other contact or dangerous approach to
Systems gases at low pressure. persons or objects.
4. Boilers of more than 46 sqm 9. Each boiler shall have at least one
heating surface shall each be safety valve. For boilers having more
provided with two means of feeding than 46 sqm pressure of water heating
water, one steam driven and one surface or a generating capacity
electrically driven, one pump and exceeding 907 kg per hour, two (2) or
one injector. more safety valves shall be required.
2.0 HVAC
10. Each boiler shall have a steam 13. Upon the completion of the
gauge, with a dial range of not less installation, the Building Official shall
than 1-1/2 times and not more than conduct an inspection and test, after
2.1 General which a certificate of operation for a
twice the maximum allowable period not exceeding one year shall be
2.2 Refrigeration working pressure. It may be issued upon payment of the required
Cycle connected to the steam space or to inspection fees.
the steam connection to the water
2.3 Types of Air- column. 14. The Building Official shall notify the
Conditioning owner in writing of the intended date of
Systems 11. Whenever repairs/replacements the annual inspection at least 15 days in
advance. However, the owner may
are made on fittings or appliances, request a postponement in writing of said
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment the work shall comply with the inspection and the Building Official shall
section on New Installation of the fix a date for inspection agreeable to
2.5 Heating Systems Philippine Mechanical Engineering both, but not to exceed 30 days from the
Code. intended date.
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC 12. After a permit has been granted 15. The owner or user of a boiler shall
Concerning HVAC prepare the same for inspection by
to install a boiler/pressure cooling it down blanking off all
vessel/pressurized water heater connections to adjacent boilers, removing
upon payment of the installation fees all soot and ashes from tubes, heads,
thereof, it shall be the duty of the shell, furnace and combustion chamber.
Building Official to make periodic The owner shall assist the Building
inspection of the installation to Official by providing all labor and
determine compliance with the equipment required during said
inspection.
approved plans and specifications.
2.0 HVAC
2.6.3 Refrigeration and 5. Where ducts pass thru walls, floors
Air-Conditioning or partitions, the space around the
duct shall be sealed with fire resistant
2.1 General 1. The temperature and humidity of material equivalent to that of the wall,
the air to be used for comfortable floor or partition, to prevent the
2.2 Refrigeration cooling shall be maintained at 68-74F passage of flame or smoke.
Cycle
effective temperature at an air
movement from 4.57 to 7.60 MPM 6. When ducts or the outlets or inlets
2.3 Types of Air-
Conditioning within the living zone. to them pass through fire walls, they
Systems shall be provided with automatic fire
2. Water from evaporators, dampers on both sides of the fire wall
2.4 Air-Conditioning condensers and other machinery shall through which they pass.
Equipment be properly collected into a suitable
water or drainage system. 7. Fire doors and fire dampers shall
2.5 Heating Systems be arranged to close automatically and
3. Ducts shall be constructed entirely remain tightly closed, upon the
2.6 Provisions in of non-combustible materials such as operation of a fusible link or other
the NBC steel, iron, aluminum or other approved heat actuated device,
Concerning HVAC approved materials. Only fire located where readily affected by an
retardant lining shall be used on the abnormal rise of temperature in the
inside of ducts. duct.
refrigeration
HEATING,
VENTILATION AND
AIR-CONDITIONING
END