MUSCULI THORACIS

Institute of Anatomy 2nd and 1st Medical Faculty

R. Druga
 The muscles of the thorax

They are all concerned in the movements of

the ribs and hence with respiration
The intercostales
Transversus thoracis
Levatores costarum
Pectorales
Mm. pectorales M. Pectoralis
major
Origo :
Sulcus
Clavicula,
deltoideo-
sternum
pectoralis
Vagina m.
rectorum
Insertio : crista
Clavipectoral
tuberculi
triangle
majoris
Trigonum
clavipectorale

Anterior wall
of the axilla
Clavipectoral
fascia
Relations of the pectoralis minor to axillary vessels and brachial plexus
CLAVIPECTORAL FASCIA
M. serratus ant.

Origo : 1. 9. Rib
Insertio : medial
margin of the
scapula.
N. Thoracicus
longus
Mm. Mm.intercostales
Intercostales externi (11)
interni (11)
Inspiratory muscles
Internal
(elevation of ribs)
intercostal
membrane
From the tubercles of
(depression of the ribs to the cartilage
the ribs) of the ribs in front

Exspiratory
muscles

From posterior
costal angles to
the sternum
Mm. Intercostales
externi
External intercostal
membrane
Spatium intercostale
Intercostal space and layers of thoracic wall
The intercostales intimi
Poorly developed in upper spaces,
More extensive in lower spaces
Separate intyercostal vessels and
nerve from the pleura

Action : like the intercostales interni

Spatium
Puncture of the pleural cavity
intercostale
Punkce cavum pleurae
DIAPHRAGMA
THE DIAPHRAGM
A dome- shaped muscle which separates the thoracic from the
abdominal cavity.
Its periphery consists of muscular fibres attached to the central
tendon (aponeurotic). LUMBAR PART
COSTAL PART

STERNAL PART

The diaphragmatic aperturtes :

Aortic
Oesophageal Main inspiratory muscle

Vena caval
 DIAPHRAGMA

Hranice mezi dutinou hrudn a bin

Diaphragma Crus mediale L1 Crus laterale L 1 L2
L3
Lumbocostal
arches
Medial and lateral
N. Phrenicus (C 4)
Inferior phrenic Phrenic nerve
artery
Diaphragmatic part of the pericard
 Relations of the diaphragm

The upper surface is in relation with the pleura

(right and left diaphragmatic pleura) and with the
pericardium

Lower surface is covered by peritoneum

Right dome Left dome
4th intercostal 5th
space intercostal
space
Upper surface
and
diaphragmatic
apertures
 Diaphragma - actions

Principal muscle of inspiration

During inspiration muscular fibres contract
and the central tendon and domes move
downwards (volume of the thoracic cavity
increases)
 Inspiration

Elevation of ribs (external intercostal

muscles)
Depression of the diaphragm
In quiet inspiration the principal muscle is the diaphragm
In forced inspiration additional muscles are called into
action (pectoral, scalenic)
 Expiration
Relaxation of the diaphragm
Contraction of the intercostales interni