Part 1

http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=4HPV73v7Ub8
 A cylinders displacement is the volume of
the cylinder when the piston is at BDC.
It is the sum of the displacement of each

cylinder.
It is defined as the volume of air/fuel

mixture an engine can draw in.

Ex: 700 cc (cubic centimetres)
Example : Vehicle has 4 cylinders
: Each cylinder has a volume of
700cc
: 700cc X 4 = 2800cc
: 2800cc = 2.8 Litre
 Torqueis the term used to describe a
rotating force.
More torque generally means a car can
accelerate faster
Torque is the actual reading of how hard
and with how much Force the engine
turns.
 Horsepower: 1 hp = 33,000 lb-ft / min
One horsepower is the ability to lift 33000
pounds one foot in one minute
The horsepower specification for an engine
tells you how much power the engine can
produce.
Horsepower is the rate at which the engine
does work
 Formula:

HORSEPOWER = (TORQUE * RPM) /

5252

A engine that makes 300 pound-feet of

torque at 4,000 RPM produces

[(300 x 4,000) / 5,252] 228 horsepower at

4,000 RPM
 Think about:

Torque being how hard you can pound

away on bicycle pedals

Horsepower being how fast you can spin

the bicycle pedals.
 What is engine displacement?
What is horsepower?
What is Torque?
What are the different parts of an engine?
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=60QX5RY_ohQ&feature=related

Part 2
 The four-stroke engine

Spark plug

Exhaust valve

Inlet valve
Cylinder

Piston
 Is a can-shaped part closely fitted inside the
cylinder.
Piston rings consist of compression rings
and oil rings.
Crankshaft takes the up-down motion of the
piston and convertors it to a rotation motion
Connecting rod connects the piston to the
crankshaft.
The 4 Stroke engine cycle consist of these:
1) Intake 180degree
2) Compression 180 degree
3) Power/ Combustion 180 degree
4) Exhaust 180 degree

Total engine revolution 720 degree

One complete engine cycle consists of 4
engine strokes.
 The Intake Stroke consist of the piston
travelling down.
Intake valves are open to allow Air/Fuel
mixture to come into the combustion
chamber.
 Intake plastic ducts
Intake manifolds
- Fuel injectors are electronically controlled
valves that spray fuel to mix with air.
- Creating that air fuel mixture
-
 It is an electrical device that fits into
thecylinder head and ignites air fuel
mixtures.
 The four-stroke engine

Inlet valve
open
Exhaust
valve
closed

INTAKE STROKE
 The four-stroke engine

Inlet valve
open
Exhaust
valve
closed

INTAKE STROKE
Piston down
 The four-stroke engine

Fuel in

Inlet valve Exhaust

open valve
closed

INTAKE STROKE
Piston down
 The four-stroke engine

Fuel in

Exhaust
Inlet valve valve
open closed

INTAKE STROKE
Piston down
 What is the purpose of the intake system?
What is the purpose of the spark plug?
What is the purpose of the fuel injector?
What is happening during the intake stroke?
 Part 3

http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=q4Bk2TJJ6TM
 Compression stroke consist of the piston
travelling back up.
Both intake and exhaust valves are closed
Air fuel mixture is now being compressed
 The four-stroke engine

Inlet valve Exhaust

closed valve
closed

COMPRESSION STROKE
Piston up
 The four-stroke engine

Inlet valve
closed Exhaust
valve
closed

Piston up
COMPRESSION STROKE
 The four-stroke engine

Inlet valve
closed Exhaust
valve
closed

Piston up

COMPRESSION STROKE
 The piston is now at the TDC
Spark plug ignites, creating a spark that

ignites the compressed air fuel mixture.

Explosion is created and the piston is forced

back down.
Hence the Power stroke
Both valves are still closed
 The four-stroke engine

Inlet valve
closed Exhaust
valve
closed

BANG

POWER STROKE
 The four-stroke engine

Inlet valve
closed Exhaust
valve
closed

Piston down
powerfully
POWER STROKE
 The four-stroke engine

Inlet valve
Exhaust
closed
valve
closed

POWER STROKE
Piston down
powerfully
 The four-stroke engine

Inlet valve Exhaust

closed valve
closed

POWER STROKE
 Exhaust stroke the piston is travelling up
Exhaust valve is open
Intake valve is Closed
Exhaust gases being pushed out by piston
 The four-stroke engine

Inlet valve Exhaust

closed valve closed

EXHAUST STROKE
 The four-stroke engine

Inlet valve Exhaust valve

closed open

Exhaust gases
out

Piston up
EXHAUST STROKE
 The four-stroke engine

Inlet valve
closed Exhaust valve
open

Exhaust gases
out

Piston up
EXHAUST STROKE
 The four-stroke engine

Inlet valve Exhaust valve

open closed

INTAKE STROKE
And so the
cycle
continues!!
 The exhaust system is needed to provide a
pathway for exhaust fumes to be filtered
and to reduce noise.

Exhaust manifold
Catalytic convertor
Muffler
- What is the purpose of the compression
stroke and what is happening
- What is the purpose of the power stroke and
what is happening?
- What is happening during the exhaust
stroke?
What is the purpose of the exhaust
system?
Video of 4 Stroke
cycle
http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=IYWUWMmimjQ&feature=related

http://videos.howstuffworks.com/aut
o/car-parts-videos-
playlist.htm#video-30374
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=YB_JCUw9SoU&feature=related